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تأثیر عوامل بیولوژیک قارچی و باکتریایی بر بیماری قارچی مرگ گیاهچه فلفل | ||
| به زراعی کشاورزی | ||
| مقاله 5، دوره 21، شماره 3، مهر 1398، صفحه 289-301 اصل مقاله (1.15 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jci.2019.272850.2140 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| مصطفی درویش نیا* 1؛ مسلم موسویان2 | ||
| 1دانشیار، گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه لرستان، لرستان، ایران | ||
| 2دانشجوی دکتری، گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه لرستان، لرستان، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| این مطالعه به منظور دستیابی به آنتاگونیست‌های موثر در کنترل بیماری مرگ گیاهچه فلفل گلخانهای با عامل Rhizoctonia solani انجام شد. آزمایشات در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی در دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه لرستان در سال 97-1396 صورت گرفت. ابتدا قارچها و عوامل بیولوژیک از خاک گیاهان سولاناسه جداسازی و شناسایی شد. سپس با استفاده از روش کشت متقابـل توانایی آنتاگونیـستی جدایههای قارچی Trichoderma harzianum و Trichoderma virens و باکتری Bacillus subtilis علیه قارچ R. solani در آزمایشگاه بررسی شد. همچنین توانایی آنتاگونیـستی این عوامل بیولوژیکی و قارچکش بیولوژیک Trichomix HV در شرایط گلخانه روی این قارچ بیماری‌زا انجام شد. نتایج نشان دادند، دو گونه T. harzianum و T. virens با کلونیزه کردن و اسپورزایی در محیط PDA، به ترتیب به میزان 45/9 و 59/15 درصد باعث جلوگیری از رشد قارچ بیمارگر شدند و باکتری آنتاگونیست باعث بروز اثراتی چون خارج شدن محتویات هیفها، تغییر رنگ در نوک هیف، ظریف شدن و کاهش رشد میسلیوم تا 47/8 درصد شد. نتایج آزمایش در شرایط گلخانه نیز نشان داد، تیمارهای B. subtilis و T. harzianum بیشترین اثرات مثبت رشدی را روی صفات اندازهگیری از جمله طول و وزن (تر و خشک) ریشه و ساقه را داشتند و به ترتیب شدت بیماری‌زایی را تا 33/60 و 33/70 درصد کاهش دادند، از این رو بهترین عوامل آنتاگونیستی برای کنترل R. solani روی فلفل در این تحقیق بودند. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| کنترل بیولوژیک؛ تریکودرما؛ باسیلوس؛ تریکومیکس؛ ریزوکتونیا | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effect of fungal and bacterial biological agents on seedling damping-off of fungus disease | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Mostafa Darvishnia1؛ Moslem Moosavian2 | ||
| 1Associate Professor, Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Lorestan University, Lorestan, Iran | ||
| 2Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Lorestan University, Lorestan, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The current study been conducted to achieveto effective antagonists for diseases control of seedling damping-off greenhouse pepper, casead by Rhizoctonia solani. Experiments has conducted based on completely randomized design in the faculty of agriculture and natural resources of Lorestan University in 2016-17. First, the fungi and biological agents were isolated and identified of the rhizosphere of Solanaceae plants. The antagonistic ability of fungal and bacterial isolates, such as Trichoderma harzianum and Trichoderma virens fungi and Bacillus subtilis bacteria, against R. solani was studied by using dual culture method. As well as antagonistic ability of fungal and bacterial agents and Trichomix HV biological fungicide were study in a greenhouse condition. The results showed that both species of T. harzianum and T. virens the prevented growth of fungi 9.45 and 15.59 percent respectively by colonization and sporulation in PDA. Antagonistic bacterial also caused effects such as outpour of the contents of hyphae, color change at the tip of hyphae, thinning and reduction of mycelium up to 8.47 percent. Also, results in greenhouse condition showed that B. subtilis and T. harzianum treatments have the most positive effects on growth traits such as height and weight (wet and dry) of the root and stem and reduced the severity of the disease up to 60.33 and 70.33 respectively; therefore they are the best antagonistic agents to control R. solani on pepper. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| biological control, Trichoderma, Bacillus, Trichomix, Rhizoctonia | ||
| مراجع | ||
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