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پاسخ برخی از ژنوتیب‌های انتخابی انار (Punica granatum) به شوری آب آبیاری | ||
| به زراعی کشاورزی | ||
| مقاله 6، دوره 21، شماره 3، مهر 1398، صفحه 303-321 اصل مقاله (1 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jci.2019.277980.2183 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| فاطمه احمدی1؛ علی مومن پور* 2؛ مریم دهستانی اردکانی3؛ جلال غلام نژاد3 | ||
| 1دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه اردکان، اردکان، ایران | ||
| 2استادیار، مرکز ملی تحقیقات شوری، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، یزد، ایران | ||
| 3استادیار، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه اردکان، اردکان، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| به‌منظور ارزیابی اثر تنش شوری بر برخی از ویژگی‌های رشدی ژنوتیپ‌های انتخاب شده انار از مناطقی با آب و خاک شور، آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح کاملأ تصادفی با دو عامل ژنوتیپ در 4 سطح (’وحشی بابلسر‘، ’نرک لاسجرد سمنان‘، ’چاه افضل‘ و ’وشیک ترش سروان‘) و شوری آب آبیاری در پنج سطح (1، 3، 5، 7 و 9 دسی‌زیمنس‌برمتر)، انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که نوع ژنوتیپ و سطح شوری بر تغییرات صفات مورفولوژیک، فیزیولوژیک و غلظت عناصر غذایی موثر است. در تمامی ژنوتیپ‌های مطالعه شده با افزایش سطح شوری، شاخص‌های رشد شامل ارتفاع شاخه، قطر شاخه، تعداد برگ کل، درصد برگ‌های سبز، وزن تر و خشک اندام هوایی، محتوی رطوبت نسبی، شاخص کلروفیل، کلروفیل a، b و کل، کاهش و درصد برگ‌های نکروزه، درصد برگ‌های ریزش یافته، نسبت وزن تر ریشه به وزن تر اندام هوایی، درصد نشت یونی، درصد سدیم، درصد کلر، نسبت سدیم به پتاسیم برگ‌ها، افزایش یافتند ولی میزان کاهش و افزایش در صفات اندازه‌گیری شده در بین ژنوتیپ‌های مطالعه شده با یکدیگر اختلاف معنی‌داری داشتند. در این تحقیق در مجموع، ژنوتیپ‌های ’چاه افضل‘ و ’وشیک ترش سراوان‘ به‌ترتیب به عنوان متحمل‌ترین و حساس‌ترین ژنوتیپ‌ها به شوری انتخاب شدند. ژنوتیپ چاه افضل توانست از طریق حفظ خصوصیات رشدی خود و افزایش جذب پتاسیم در مقابل سدیم، به خوبی شوری تا 7 دسی‌زیمنس‌برمتر را تحمل نماید. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| آب‌های شور؛ کسر آبشویی؛ نسبت سدیم به پتاسیم؛ ویژگی‌های رشدی؛ ژنوتیپ ’چاه افضل‘ | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Response some of selected pomegranate (Punica granatum) genotypes to irrigation water salinity | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Fatemeh Ahmadi1؛ Ali Momenpour2؛ Maryam Dehestani-Ardakani3؛ Jalal Gholamnezhad3 | ||
| 1M.Sc. Student, Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture & Natural Resources, Ardakan University, Ardakan, Iran | ||
| 2Assistant Professor, National Salinity Research Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Yazd, Iran | ||
| 3Assistant Professor, Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture & Natural Resources, Ardakan University, Ardakan, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| To evaluate the effect of salinity stress on some of growth characteristics of selected pomegranate (Punica granatum) genotypes of regains with salinity water and soil, a factorial experiment was carried out based on completely randomized design (CRD), with two factors; genotypes in 4 levels (‘Vahshi Babolsar’, ‘Narak Lasjerd Semnan’, ‘Chah Afzal’ and ‘Voshik Torsh Saravan’ genotypes and irrigation water salinity in 5 levels (1, 3, 5, 7 and 9 dS/m respectively). The results showed that type of genotype and level of salinity affected morphological and physiological characteristics and concentration of leaves element nutrient. In all of the studied genotypes, with increasing of salinity concentration, growth characteristics including branch height, branch diameter, number of total leaves, green leaves percentage, aerial organs fresh and dry weight, relative humidity percentage, SPAD, contents of a, b and total chlorophylls reduced. But, necrotic leaves percentage, downfall leaves percentage, root fresh weight to aerial organs fresh weight ratio, relative ionic percentage, Na+ and cl- percentage and Na+ to K+ ratio increased. Overall, ‘Chah Afzal’ and ‘Voshik Torsh Saravan’ genotypes were recognized as the most tolerant and sensitive genotypes to salinity stress, in respectively. ‘Chah Afzal’ genotype could be tolerated salinity and 7 dS/m by maintaining its growth characteristics and increasing potassium uptake against sodium. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Chah Afzal’ genotype, growth characteristics, Leaching fraction, Salinity waters, ‘Na+ to K+ ratio | ||
| مراجع | ||
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