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شناسایی و طبقه بندی مؤلفه های تابآوری اجتماعی و اقتصادی در سکونتگاه های غیررسمی (مطالعۀ موردی: ناحیه 6 منطقه 4 شهرداری تهران با تمرکز محله خاک سفید) | ||
پژوهشهای جغرافیای انسانی | ||
مقاله 7، دوره 53، شماره 1، فروردین 1400، صفحه 105-118 اصل مقاله (1021.52 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله علمی پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jhgr.2019.288440.1008002 | ||
نویسنده | ||
سید اسحاق جلالیان* | ||
استادیار جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران | ||
چکیده | ||
عمدتاً شهرها و سکونتگاهها در مکانهای در معرض وقوع انواع سوانح و مخاطرات طبیعی ایجاد شدهاند و نگاه مدیران و برنامهریزان شهری نگاه مقابلهای و کاهش مخاطرات بوده است. پژوهش حاضر به دنبال شناسایی و طبقهبندی مؤلفههای تابآوری در سکونتگاه غیررسمی در سطح محلة خاکسفید است. این پژوهش در گروه تحقیقات کاربردی قرار دارد. برای جمعآوری اطلاعات از روش کتابخانهای و میدانی استفاده شد. معیارها و عوامل مؤثر بر تابآوری با مرور منابع تهیه شد و برای تهیةفهرست نهایی معیارها و اولویتبندی آنها از پرسشنامه استفاده شد. پس از تکمیل پرسشنامهها توسط 20 نفر از کارشناسان متخصص، معیارها با روش FANP وزن داده شد. پوششزمین استخراجشدهازرویتصاویرماهوارهایلندستسال 2017، در نرمافزار ENVI 4.8 طبقهبندی شد. سپس، لایههای طبقهبندیشده در محیط IDRISI فازی و در ARC MAP روی هم گذاری شد. با تأثیر وزنهرکدامازمعیارهایمؤثردرمیزانتابآوریلایههاوترکیب نقشهها، میزانتابآوریمشخصشد و بر اساس مدل TOPSIS منطقة مورد مطالعه با توجه به میزان تابآوری رتبهبندی شد. نتایج پژوهش نشان میدهدتابآوری محلة خاکسفید و بافتهای اسکان غیررسمی در برابر بحرانهای محیطی در سطح ضعیفی است. وقتی وضعیت فضایی هر یک از شاخصهای تابآوری را در سطح محله بررسی میکنیم شاهد شرایط متفاوت تابآوری آنها هستیم که معلول وضعیت متفاوت در ویژگی های کالبدی، اجتماعی، و اقتصادی است. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
تابآوری اجتماعی- اقتصادی؛ تهران؛ خاکسفید؛ سکونتگاه غیررسمی؛ مؤلفههای تابآوری | ||
عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
Identification and Classification of Socio-Economic Resilience Criteria in Informal Settlements (Case Study: District 6 of region 4, Tehran Municipality, Focusing on Khak Sefid Neighborhood) | ||
نویسندگان [English] | ||
Seed Isaac Jalalian | ||
Assistant Professor of Geography and Urban Planning, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran | ||
چکیده [English] | ||
Introduction Most cities and settlements are founded in places, exposed to all kinds of natural disasters and hazards. This has made managers and urban planners to be confrontational, always attempting to reduce hazards. The recent years has seen introduction of a new concept in face of unknowns and uncertainties, called “resilience”, which can be introduced as a concept of disruption, surprise, and change. Knowledge of resilience and resiliency status is of particular account. There are two types of disaster management strategies: Predictive and Resilience, the one for dealing with problems, and the other for dealing with unknown problems. Methodology This research is an applied descriptive-analytical one, applied in Khak Sefid Neighborhood, Tehran. To compare the indices, a questionnaire was prepared by 20 faculty members and experts in environmental planning, urban planning, rural planning, and urban planning (in terms of decision making and ranking techniques based on the researcher's opinion). The range of the topic as well as the experts in the field were chosen, along with the number of samples considered to reach a theoretical saturation. The greater the number of matched answers, the more weighted the criteria from FANP. Each criteion’s weight was influenced by the degree of resilience in the layers and the maps were combined to determine the resiliency. Results and Discussion According to the study findings, the area of the informal settlement under study was not in a good condition in terms of resiliency, indicating high vulnerability of this tissue to natural disasters and hazards. Survey of spatial resilience status showed that resilience rates in each of the indices differed at different levels of the neighborhood, displaying no uniform trend. Areas of low resilience were the most socially disadvantaged: They were less valuable in terms of land prices, and more economically vulnerable, housing the poorest and the most vulnerable class of the society. Hence, they have empty room. Conclusion In general, the present study proved that the resilience of white soil neighborhood and informal settlement textures to environmental crises was poor. When examining the spatial status of each resilience index at the neighborhood level, it found different resilience conditions, resulting in different status in of physical, social, and economic nature. Therefore, it can be deduced that different resilience indices have different effects. With changes in the status of indices pertaining to resilience rate of Khak Sefid Neighborhood at different levels of the neighborhood also changed the resilience status. | ||
کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
Resilience Components, Socio-Economic Resilience, Informal Settlement, Khak Sefid, Tehran | ||
مراجع | ||
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