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تاثیر کمآبیاری و سطوح مختلف نیتروژن بر عملکرد و بهرهوری آب گندم (مطالعه موردی: خرم آباد) | ||
تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران | ||
مقاله 7، دوره 51، شماره 6، شهریور 1399، صفحه 1417-1426 اصل مقاله (1.18 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijswr.2020.294911.668451 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
فاطمه علیزاده1؛ علی حیدر نصرالهی* 2؛ مهری سعیدی نیا3؛ مجید شریفی پور4 | ||
1دانشجوی آبیاری زهکشی گروه مهندسی آب دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خرم آباد. دانشگاه لرستان | ||
2دانشگاه لرستان- استادیار گروه مهندسی آب دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی | ||
3استادیار گروه مهندسی اب دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه لرستان | ||
4استادیارگروه مهندسی آب دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه لرستان | ||
چکیده | ||
با توجه به اهمیت مدیریت آبیاری و استفاده بهینه کود در هر منطقه، بهمنظور بررسی تاثیر کمآبیاری و سطوح مختلف کود بر عملکرد و بهرهوری آب گندم پائیزه رقم چمران دو در خرمآباد، یک طرح فاکتوریل با پایه بلوکهای کامل تصادفی شامل 27 پلات: سه سطح آبیاری (100 درصد نیاز آبی (I100)، 75 درصد نیاز آبی (I75) و50 درصد نیاز آبی (I50))، سه سطح کودی (100 (N100)، 150 (N150) و 200 (N200) کیلوگرم در هکتار) و سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه لرستان انجام شد. در این پژوهش میزان عملکرد دانه، عملکرد بیولوژیک، وزن هزار دانه، طول سنبله، ارتفاع بوته، بهرهوری آب آبیاری (عملکرد دانه و عملکرد بیولوژیک)، بهرهوری آب باران (عملکرد دانه و عملکرد بیولوژیک) بررسی شد. نتایج نشان داد، بیشترین مقدار صفات مختلف در تیمار I100N200 حاصل شد بهطوری که میزان عملکرد دانه و عملکرد بیولوژیک بهترتیب 41/3407 و 51/11097 کیلوگرم در هکتار بهدست آمد. همچنین کمترین مقادیر عملکرد دانه و عملکرد بیولوژیک در تیمار I50N100 با 65/45 و 6/32 درصد کاهش عملکرد نسبت به شرایط آبیاری کامل مشاهده شد. اثر متقابل تنش آبی و نیتروژن نشان داد که در همهی تیمارهای آبیاری با افزایش میزان کود نیتروژن تا سطح 200 کیلوگرم در هکتار، عملکرد دانه و عملکرد بیولوژیک افزایش یافت. همچنین نتایج نشان داد، اثر متقابل تیمارهای آبیاری و کود نیتروژن بر بهرهوری آب آبیاری بر پایهی عملکرد دانه و بهرهوری بارش هم بر پایهی عملکرد بیولوژیک و هم بر پایهی عملکرد دانه در سطح یک درصد معنیدار است. تیمار I50N200 با 24/3 کیلوگرم بر متر مکعب بر پایهی عملکرد دانه و 78/10 کیلوگرم بر متر مکعب بر پایهی عملکرد بیولوژیک بیشترین بهرهوری آب آبیاری را داشت. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
عملکرد دانه؛ چمران دو؛ بهرهوری آب؛ عملکرد بیولوژیک | ||
عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
Effect of Deficit Irrigation and Different Nitrogen Levels on Wheat Yield and Water Productivity (Case Study: Khorramabad) | ||
نویسندگان [English] | ||
fatemeh alizadeh1؛ aliheidar nasrolahi2؛ Mehri Saeidinia3؛ Majid Sharifipour4 | ||
1Student of Drainage Irrigation Department of Water Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Khorramabad. | ||
2Lorestan University - Assistant Professor of Water Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources | ||
3Lorestan University - Assistant Professor of Water Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources | ||
4Lorestan University - Assistant Professor of Water Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources | ||
چکیده [English] | ||
Due to the importance of irrigation management and optimum use of fertilizer in each region, a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design was conducted to investigate the effect of different irrigation and fertilizer levels on yield and water productivity of autumn wheat (Chamran-2) in Khorramabad. Totally 27 plots including three irrigation levels (100%, 75% and 50% of water requirement), three fertilizer levels (100, 150 and 200 kg ha-1) and three replications were used in the research farm of the Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources of Lorestan University. In this study, grain yield, biological yield, thousand seed weight, pod length, plant height, irrigation water productivity (grain yield and biological yield) and rain water productivity (grain yield and biological yield) were investigated. The results showed that the highest amount of traits were obtained in I100N200 treatment, so that the grain yield and biological yield were measured to be 3407/41 and 11097/51 kg ha-1, respectively. Also, the lowest amounts of grain yield and biological yield were observed in I50N100 treatment with 45.65 and 32.60% reduction in yield, respectively, as compared to full irrigation treatment. Interaction of water stress and nitrogen in all irrigation treatments showed by increasing nitrogen fertilizer up to 200 kg ha-1, the grain yield and biological yield increased. The results also showed that the interaction of irrigation and nitrogen fertilizer treatments on irrigation water productivity (grain yield) and rain water productivity (grain and biological yield) is significant at 1% level. The I50N200 treatment with 3.24 kg m-3 (grain yield) and 10.78 kg m-3 (biological yield) had the highest irrigation water productivity. | ||
کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
Grain yield, Chamran 2, Water productivity, Biological yield | ||
مراجع | ||
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