تعداد نشریات | 161 |
تعداد شمارهها | 6,498 |
تعداد مقالات | 70,233 |
تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 123,448,336 |
تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 96,672,976 |
تاثیر کمآبیاری و سطوح مختلف نیتروژن بر عملکرد و بهرهوری آب گندم (مطالعه موردی: خرم آباد) | ||
تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران | ||
مقاله 7، دوره 51، شماره 6، شهریور 1399، صفحه 1417-1426 اصل مقاله (1.18 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijswr.2020.294911.668451 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
فاطمه علیزاده1؛ علی حیدر نصرالهی* 2؛ مهری سعیدی نیا3؛ مجید شریفی پور4 | ||
1دانشجوی آبیاری زهکشی گروه مهندسی آب دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خرم آباد. دانشگاه لرستان | ||
2دانشگاه لرستان- استادیار گروه مهندسی آب دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی | ||
3استادیار گروه مهندسی اب دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه لرستان | ||
4استادیارگروه مهندسی آب دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه لرستان | ||
چکیده | ||
با توجه به اهمیت مدیریت آبیاری و استفاده بهینه کود در هر منطقه، بهمنظور بررسی تاثیر کمآبیاری و سطوح مختلف کود بر عملکرد و بهرهوری آب گندم پائیزه رقم چمران دو در خرمآباد، یک طرح فاکتوریل با پایه بلوکهای کامل تصادفی شامل 27 پلات: سه سطح آبیاری (100 درصد نیاز آبی (I100)، 75 درصد نیاز آبی (I75) و50 درصد نیاز آبی (I50))، سه سطح کودی (100 (N100)، 150 (N150) و 200 (N200) کیلوگرم در هکتار) و سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه لرستان انجام شد. در این پژوهش میزان عملکرد دانه، عملکرد بیولوژیک، وزن هزار دانه، طول سنبله، ارتفاع بوته، بهرهوری آب آبیاری (عملکرد دانه و عملکرد بیولوژیک)، بهرهوری آب باران (عملکرد دانه و عملکرد بیولوژیک) بررسی شد. نتایج نشان داد، بیشترین مقدار صفات مختلف در تیمار I100N200 حاصل شد بهطوری که میزان عملکرد دانه و عملکرد بیولوژیک بهترتیب 41/3407 و 51/11097 کیلوگرم در هکتار بهدست آمد. همچنین کمترین مقادیر عملکرد دانه و عملکرد بیولوژیک در تیمار I50N100 با 65/45 و 6/32 درصد کاهش عملکرد نسبت به شرایط آبیاری کامل مشاهده شد. اثر متقابل تنش آبی و نیتروژن نشان داد که در همهی تیمارهای آبیاری با افزایش میزان کود نیتروژن تا سطح 200 کیلوگرم در هکتار، عملکرد دانه و عملکرد بیولوژیک افزایش یافت. همچنین نتایج نشان داد، اثر متقابل تیمارهای آبیاری و کود نیتروژن بر بهرهوری آب آبیاری بر پایهی عملکرد دانه و بهرهوری بارش هم بر پایهی عملکرد بیولوژیک و هم بر پایهی عملکرد دانه در سطح یک درصد معنیدار است. تیمار I50N200 با 24/3 کیلوگرم بر متر مکعب بر پایهی عملکرد دانه و 78/10 کیلوگرم بر متر مکعب بر پایهی عملکرد بیولوژیک بیشترین بهرهوری آب آبیاری را داشت. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
عملکرد دانه؛ چمران دو؛ بهرهوری آب؛ عملکرد بیولوژیک | ||
عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
Effect of Deficit Irrigation and Different Nitrogen Levels on Wheat Yield and Water Productivity (Case Study: Khorramabad) | ||
نویسندگان [English] | ||
fatemeh alizadeh1؛ aliheidar nasrolahi2؛ Mehri Saeidinia3؛ Majid Sharifipour4 | ||
1Student of Drainage Irrigation Department of Water Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Khorramabad. | ||
2Lorestan University - Assistant Professor of Water Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources | ||
3Lorestan University - Assistant Professor of Water Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources | ||
4Lorestan University - Assistant Professor of Water Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources | ||
چکیده [English] | ||
Due to the importance of irrigation management and optimum use of fertilizer in each region, a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design was conducted to investigate the effect of different irrigation and fertilizer levels on yield and water productivity of autumn wheat (Chamran-2) in Khorramabad. Totally 27 plots including three irrigation levels (100%, 75% and 50% of water requirement), three fertilizer levels (100, 150 and 200 kg ha-1) and three replications were used in the research farm of the Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources of Lorestan University. In this study, grain yield, biological yield, thousand seed weight, pod length, plant height, irrigation water productivity (grain yield and biological yield) and rain water productivity (grain yield and biological yield) were investigated. The results showed that the highest amount of traits were obtained in I100N200 treatment, so that the grain yield and biological yield were measured to be 3407/41 and 11097/51 kg ha-1, respectively. Also, the lowest amounts of grain yield and biological yield were observed in I50N100 treatment with 45.65 and 32.60% reduction in yield, respectively, as compared to full irrigation treatment. Interaction of water stress and nitrogen in all irrigation treatments showed by increasing nitrogen fertilizer up to 200 kg ha-1, the grain yield and biological yield increased. The results also showed that the interaction of irrigation and nitrogen fertilizer treatments on irrigation water productivity (grain yield) and rain water productivity (grain and biological yield) is significant at 1% level. The I50N200 treatment with 3.24 kg m-3 (grain yield) and 10.78 kg m-3 (biological yield) had the highest irrigation water productivity. | ||
کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
Grain yield, Chamran 2, Water productivity, Biological yield | ||
مراجع | ||
Ahmadi, A., Semardeh, A., Zali, A.A. (2004). A comparison between the capacities of photo assimilate storage and remobilization and their contribution on yield in four wheat cultivars under different moisture regimes. Iranian. Journal Agriculture Science. 35, 921-931. [In Persian with English Summary]. Ahmadi, H., Nasrollahi, A. H., Sharifipour, M. and Isvand, H. R. (2018). Determination of (CWSI) Soybean Water Stress Index for Irrigation Management for Maximum Water Yield and Productivity. Journal of Irrigation and Water Engineering. 8 (32). Anabi Milani, A. (2019). Interaction of water stress and fertilizer on crop yield and water productivity under saline conditions. Iranian Soil and Water Research. 50 (6). (In Persian) Ansari, H., Mir Latifi, S., and Farshi, A. A. (2006). The Impact of dificit Irrigation on the Performance and Water Use Efficiency of Early Corn. Journal of Sciences and Technology of Agriculture and Natural Resources.338-348. 2 (20). (In Persian) Araya, A., Habtu, S., Hadgu, K.M., Kebede, A., Dejene, T. (2010). Test of AquaCrop model in simulating biomass and yield of water deficient and irrigated barley (Hordeum vulgare). Agric. Water Manage. 97, 1838–1846. Araya, A., Kisekka, I. and Holman, J. (2016). Evaluating deficit irrigation management strategies for grain sorghum using AquaCrop. Irrigation Science, 346: 465-481. Eidizadeh, Kh., Ebrahimpour, F. and Ebrahimi, M. A. (2016). Effect of Different Irrigation Regimes on Yield and Yield Components of Wheat Cultivars in Ramin Climatic Conditions. Journal of Environmental Stress in Agricultural Sciences. 29-36. Emam, Y., S. Salimi Koochi and A. Shekoofa. (2009). Effect of nitrogen levels on grain yield and yield components of wheat (Triticum aestivum, L.) under irrigation and rainfed conditions. Iran. J. Field Crops Res. 7: 321-332. (In Persian with English abstract). Enayatgholizadeh, M. R., G. Fathi and M. Razaz. (2011). Response of wheat cultivars to drought stress and different levels of nitrogen under Khuzestan climate. Crop Ecophysiol. 17: 1-14. (In Persian with English abstract). Gu L M, Liu T N, Zhao J, Dong S T, Liu P, Zhang J W, Zhao B. (2015). Nitrate leaching of winter wheat grown in lysimeters as affected by fertilizers and irrigation on the North China Plain. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 14, 374–388. Heidarpour, N and Talaee, S. (2016). Effect of supplementary irrigation and nitrogen on wheat yield and agronomic traits (Triticum aestivum L.) Dry cultivar of Koohdasht. 541-549. (In Persian) Herandez, L. E., Garate, A., and Caroeba-Ruiz, R. (1997). Effect of cadmium on the uptake, distribution and assimilation of nitrate in Pisum sativum. Plant and Soil. 189. 97–106. Koocheki, A., Seyyedi, S.M., Jamshid Eyni, M. (2014). Irrigation levels and dense planting affect flower yield and phosphorus concentration of saffron corms under semi-arid region of Mashhad. Northeast. Iran. Sci. Hortic. 180, 147–155. Meena, R. P., Karnam, V., Tripathi, S. C., Jha, A., Sharma, R. K., & Singh, G. P. (2019). Irrigation management strategies in wheat for efficient water use in the regions of depleting water resources. Agricultural water management, 214, 38-46 Mon J, Bronson K F, Hunsaker D J, Thorp K R, White J W, French A N. (2016). Interactive effects of nitrogen fertilization and irrigation on grain yield, canopy temperature, and nitrogen use efficiency in overhead sprinkler-irrigated durum wheat. Field Crops Research, 191, 54–65. Pandey, R. K., Maranville, J. W. and Admou, A. (2001).Tropical wheat response to irrigation and nitrogen in a Sahelian environment. I. Grain yield, yield components and water use efficiency. Eur. J. Agro. 15(2): 93-105. Rouphael, Y., Cardarelli, M., Schwarz, D., Franken, P.,and Colla, G. (2012). Effects of drought on nutrient uptake and assimilation in vegetable crops. In R. Aroca, (Ed.), Plant Responses to Drought Stress. (pp. 171–195). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, Germany. Sepaskhah, A. R., Tavakoli, A. R. and Mousavi, S. F. (2006). Principles and Applications of dificit Irrigation. Drainage Working Group, National Iranian Irrigation and Drainage Committee Publications. (In Persian) Shirshahi, F., Babazadeh, H., Ebrahimi pak, N. A., Ebrahimi Rad, H. and Abdoli, H. (2019). The effect of deficit irrigation management at different stages of wheat growth on improving its economic productivity. Iranian Water Research Journal 69-77. (In Persian) Sui J, Wang J D, Gong S H, Xu D, Zhang Y Q. (2015). Effect of nitrogen and irrigation application on water movement and nitrogen transport for a wheat crop under drip irrigation in the North China Plain. Water, 7, 6651–6672. Thompson, J.A., Chase, D.L. (1992). Effect of limited irrigation on growth and yield of semi dwarf wheat in Southern New South Wales. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture. 32, 725-730 (Field Crop Absracts. 4721; 1994). Wang S J, Tian X H, Liu T, Lu X C, You D H, Li S. (2014). Irrigation, straw, and nitrogen management benefits wheat yield and soil properties in a dryland agro-ecosystem. Agronomy Journal, 106, 2193–2201. Waraich, E. A, Ahmad, R., Ashraf, M. Y., Saifullah, and Ahmad, M. (2011). Improving agricultural water use efficiency by nutrient management in crop plants. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B— Soil & Plant Science 61. 291–304. Younesi, O., and Moradi, A. (2009). The effect of water limitation in the field on sorghum seed germination and vigor. Aust. J. Basic Appl. Sci. 3(2): 1156-1159. Zhang, m., dong, b., qiao, y., shi, ch., yang, h., wang, y. and liu, m. (2018). Yield and water use responses of winter wheat to irrigation and nitrogen application in the North China Plain. Journal of Integrative Agriculture. 17(5). 1194-1206. | ||
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 582 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 377 |