سامانه پشتیبانی خدمات اطلاعات

  اخبار و اعلانات

 آمار

تعداد نشریات158
تعداد شماره‌ها6,228
تعداد مقالات67,750
تعداد مشاهده مقاله115,080,785
تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله89,819,080
رضائی, علی, ارزانی, کاظم, ساریخانی, سعادت. (1399). ارزیابی مورفولوژیک و شناسایی ژنوتیپ‌های برتر گردو (‏Juglans regia L.‎‏) ‏در شمال استان همدان، ایران. , 51(2), 441-457. doi: 10.22059/ijhs.2019.277210.1609
علی رضائی; کاظم ارزانی; سعادت ساریخانی. "ارزیابی مورفولوژیک و شناسایی ژنوتیپ‌های برتر گردو (‏Juglans regia L.‎‏) ‏در شمال استان همدان، ایران". , 51, 2, 1399, 441-457. doi: 10.22059/ijhs.2019.277210.1609
رضائی, علی, ارزانی, کاظم, ساریخانی, سعادت. (1399). 'ارزیابی مورفولوژیک و شناسایی ژنوتیپ‌های برتر گردو (‏Juglans regia L.‎‏) ‏در شمال استان همدان، ایران', , 51(2), pp. 441-457. doi: 10.22059/ijhs.2019.277210.1609
رضائی, علی, ارزانی, کاظم, ساریخانی, سعادت. ارزیابی مورفولوژیک و شناسایی ژنوتیپ‌های برتر گردو (‏Juglans regia L.‎‏) ‏در شمال استان همدان، ایران. , 1399; 51(2): 441-457. doi: 10.22059/ijhs.2019.277210.1609

ارزیابی مورفولوژیک و شناسایی ژنوتیپ‌های برتر گردو (‏Juglans regia L.‎‏) ‏در شمال استان همدان، ایران

علوم باغبانی ایران
دوره 51، شماره 2، شهریور 1399، صفحه 441-457    اصل مقاله (1004.28 K)
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijhs.2019.277210.1609
نویسندگان
علی رضائی1؛ کاظم ارزانی* 2؛ سعادت ساریخانی3
1دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس
2استاد، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس
3استادیار، پردیس ابوریحان دانشگاه تهران، پاکدشت، ایران
چکیده
این پژوهش با هدف ارزیابی تنوع فنولوژیک، مورفولوژیک و پومولوژیک ژنوتیپ­های گردو در شمال استان همدان، طی سال­های باغی 96-1395 انجام شد. بدین منظور، تعداد 84 ژنوتیپ انتخاب و براساس دو توصیف­نامه IPGRI و UPOVمورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند، که پس از دو سال ارزیابی تعداد 12 ژنوتیپ به‌عنوان ژنوتیپ برتر انتخاب گردید. نتایج به‌دست‌آمده از مطالعات فنولوژیک نشان داد که ژنوتیپ HaRaToMa23، با 23 روز تاخیر برگدهی نسبت به ژنوتیپ استاندارد مرجع، دیربرگده­ترین ژنوتیپ بود. به­علاوه سه ژنوتیپ HaRaSuSh1، HaRaToMa24 و HaRaVaAh17 هموگام بودند. براساس مطالعات پومولوژیک وزن دانه، مغز و درصد مغز در ژنوتیپ­های برتر به ترتیب از 60/95-22/12 گرم، 56/11-82/6 گرم و 47/59-15/47 درصد متغیر بود، کم­ترین میزان ضخامت پوست سخت (77/0 میلی­متر) در بین ژنوتیپ­های برتر شناسایی‌شده مربوط به ژنوتیپ HaRaVaAh9 بود و ژنوتیپ HaRaSuSh1 دارای بیش­ترین میزان وزن دانه و مغز و ژنوتیپ HaRaSuSh2 دارای بیشترین درصد مغز بود. ژنوتیپ­های برتر انتخابی دارای عادت باردهی جانبی بودند که رنگ مغز دانه آن­ها از روشن تا بسیار روشن متغیر بود که به راحتی از پوست سخت قابل تشخیص بود. براساس نتایج به‌دست‌آمده، همبستگی مثبت و معنی­داری (**96/0=r) در سطح احتمال یک درصد بین صفات تاریخ برگدهی و تاریخ برداشت، عملکرد درخت با وزن دانه (** 63/0=r) و درصد باردهی جانبی (**73/0=r) در سطح احتمال یک درصد مشاهده گردید. به­طور کلی و براساس نتایج به‌دست‌آمده، ژنوتیپ­های برتر انتخابی از نظر بسیاری از صفات مهم اصلاحی نسبت به ارقام تجاری برتر بودند که می­تواند در برنامه­های اصلاحی در راستای معرفی رقم های جدید استفاده شود.
کلیدواژه‌ها
تنوع ژنتیکی؛ ژنوتیپ؛ صفات پومولوژیک؛ گردوی ایرانی
عنوان مقاله [English]
Morphological evaluation and identification of walnut (Juglans regia L.) superior ‎genotypes in north Hamadan province of Iran
نویسندگان [English]
Ali Rezaei1؛ Kazem Arzani2؛ Saadat Sarikhani3
1Former M.Sc. Student, Tarbiat Modares University (TMU), Tehran, Iran
2Professor, Tarbiat Modares University (TMU), Tehran, Iran
3Assistant Professor, Aburaihan Campus, University of Tehran, Pakdasht, Iran
چکیده [English]
The current research was conducted to evaluate the phenological, morphological and pomological diversity of some selected walnut genotypes in the north of Hamadan province during 2016-2017 growing seasons. For this purpose, 84 mature walnut genotypes were selected and evaluated based on the IPGRI and UPOV descriptors. After two years of evaluation, 12 genotypes were selected as the superior genotype. The results showed that HaRaToMa23 genotype is a late-leafing genotype with 23 days delay in compare with the reference standard genotype. In addition, three genotypes including HaRaSuSh1, HaRaToMa24 and HaRaVaAh17 were homogeneous.In term of pomological studies, nut and kernel weights and kernel percentages of superior genotypes varied from 12.95-22.60 g, 6.82-11.56 g and 47.15-59.47 %, respectively. The lowest shell thickness (0.77 mm) was among the superior genotypes above for HaRaVaAh9 genotype. Also, HaRaSuSh1 genotype had the highest nut and kernel weight and HaRaSuSh2genotype showed the highest kernel percentage. The selected superior genotypes had a lateral bearing habit and their kernel color varied from bright to very bright that was easily distinguished from the hard skin. Based on the results, a positive and significant correlation (r = 0.96 **) was observed between leafing date and harvesting date, tree yield and nut weight (r = 0.63 **) and lateral bearing rate (r = 0.73 **) at a probability level of 1%. Selected superior genotypes in terms of many important breeding traits showed superiority in compare with commercial cultivars, so these selected genotypes can be used in breeding programs to introduce new cultivars.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
Genetic diversity, genotype, Persian walnut, pomological traits
مراجع
  1. Akca, Y. & Ozongun, S. (2004). Selection of late leafing, late flowering, laterally fruitful walnut (Juglans regia) types in Turkey. New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science, 32(4), 337-342.
  2. Amiri, R., Vahdati, K., Mohsenipoor, S., Mozaffari, M. R. & Leslie, C. (2010). Correlations between some horticultural traits in walnut. HortScience, 45(11), 1690-1694.
  3. Anderson, K.J., Teuber, S.S., Gobeille, A., Cremin, P., Waterhouse, A.L. & Steinberg, F.M. (2001). Walnut polyphenolics inhibit in vitro human plasma and LDL oxidation. Journal of Nutrition, 131, 2837-2842.
  4. Angmo, S. Diengngan, S. & Hasan, M. A. (2015). Characterization of walnut (Juglans regia L.) genotypes in Ladakh region of India. International Journal of Agriculture, Environment & Biotechnology, 8(2), 265.
  5. Arzani, K. (2003). Approach on importance, protect, maintenance, breeding and management of Iranian traditional orchards. The First Conference of the Iranian Traditional Orchards, 1-5. (in Farsi)
  6. Arzani, K. (2013). Effective and new research based on the position of Iranian Horticultural Science. Baghdar Magazine, 75, 3-6. (in Farsi).
  7. Arzani, K. (2016). A Persian Interview:  The First International Conference and 10th National Horticultural Science Congress of Iran (IrHC2017). Baghdar Magazine, 108, 50-57. (in Farsi)
  8. Arzani, K., Mansouri-Ardakan, H., Vezvaei, A. & Roozban, M. R. (2008). Morphological variation among Persian walnut (Juglans regia L.) genotypes from central Iran. New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science, 36, 159-168.
  9. Aslantas, R. (2006). Identification of superior walnut (Juglans regia L.) genotypes in north-eastern Anatolia, Turkey. New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science, 34, 231-237.
  10. Asma, B. M. (2012). Pomological and phenological characterization of promising walnut (Juglans regia L.) genotypes from Malatya, Turkey. Acta Scientiarum Polonorum, 11(4), 169 - 178.
  11. Atefi, J. (1991). Evaluation of walnut genotypes in Iran. In International Walnut Meeting, 311, pp. 24-33.
  12. Atefi, J. (1997). Study on phonological and pomological characters of walnut promising clones in Iran. Acta Horticulturae, 442, 101-108.
  13. Bayazit, S., Kazan, K., Gülbitti, S., Cevik, V., Ayanoğlu, H. & Ergül, A. (2007). AFLP analysis of genetic diversity in low chill requiring walnut (Juglans regia L.) genotypes from Hatay, Turkey. Scientia Horticulturae, 111(4), 394-398.
  14. Botu, M., Tudor, M., Botu, I., Cosmulescu, S. & Papachatzis, (2010). Evaluation of walnut cultivars in the conditions of the Oltenia’s hill area regarding functioning potential. Analele Universitatii din Craiova, Biologie, Horticultura, Tehnologia prelucrarii produselor agricole, Ingineria Mediului, 15, 94-103.
  15. Cosmulescu, S. & Botu, M. I. H. A. I. (2012). Walnut biodiversity in south-western Romania resource for perspective cultivars. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 44(1), 307-311.
  16. Cosmulescu, S. (2013). Phenotypic diversity of walnut (Juglans regia L.) in Romania-opportunity for genetic improvement. Southwest Journal of Horticultural Biology and Environment, 4, 117-126.
  17. Cosmulescu, S., Mihai, B. O. T. U. & Trandafir, I. (2010). Mineral composition and physical characteristics of walnut (Juglans regia L.) cultivars originating in Romania. Selçuk Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 24(4), 33-37.
  18. Danesh Gilevaei, M. (2008). Morphological and cytogenetic variation of some genotypes(Lathyrus sativus L.). MSc. thesis, Department of Plant Breeding, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran: 173 p. (in Farsi).
  19. Ebrahimi, A., Fatahi, M. M., Zamani, Z. A. & Vahdati, K. (2010). An investigation on genetic diversity of 608 Persian walnut accessions for screening of some genotypes of superior traits: Iranian Journal of Horticultural Sciences, 40(4), 83-94. (in Farsi).
  20. Ebrahimi, A., Fatahi, R. & Zamani, Z. (2011). Analysis of genetic diversity among some Persian walnut genotypes (Juglans regia L.) using morphological traits and SSRs markers. Scientia Horticulturae, 130(1), 146-151.
  21. Ebrahimi, A., Khadivi-Khub, A., Nosrati, Z. & Karimi, R. (2015). Identification of superior walnut (Juglans regia) genotypes with late leafing and high kernel quality in Iran. Scientia Horticulturae, 193, 195-201.
  22. Eskandari, S., Hassani, D. & Abdi, A. (2004). Investigation on genetic diversity of Persian walnut and evaluation of promising genotypes. In V International Walnut Symposium, 705, pp. 159-166.
  23. Food and Agriculture Organization. (2017). FAO statistics division. http://faostat.fao.org.
  24. Francesca, P.I., Pamfil, D.O.R.U., Raica, P., Petricele, I.V., Sisea, C., Vas, E.S.Z.T.E.R., Botos, B.E.A.T.A., Bodea, M.O.N.I.C.A. & Botu, M.I.H.A.I. (2010). Assessment of the genetic variability among some Juglans cultivars from the Romanian National Collection at SCDP Vâlcea using RAPD markers. Rom Biotechnol Lett, 15, 41-49.
  25. Gandev, S. (2007). Budding and grafting of the walnut (Juglans regia L.) and their effectiveness in Bulgaria. Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science, 13(6), 683.
  26. Germain, E. )1997(. Genetic improvement of the Persian walnut (Juglans regia L.). Acta Horticulturae, 442, 21-31.
  27. Ghanbari, A. R., Faraji, M., Shokouhian, A. A. & Pyrayesh, A. (2017). Evaluation of Quantitative and Qualitative Characteristics of Persian Walnut (Juglans regia L.) Genotypes in the West of Meshkin-Shahr. Journal of Nuts, 9(1), 57-65.
  28. Ghasemi, M., Arzani, K., Hassani, D. & Ghasemi, S. (2010). Fatty acids composition of some selected walnut (Juglans regia L.) genotypes in Markazi province. Iranian Journal of Food Science and Technology, 7(1), 31-37. (in Farsi)
  29. Ghasemi, M., Arzani, K. & Hassani, D. (2012). Evaluation and identification of walnut (Juglans regia L.) genotypes in Markazi province of Iran. Crop Breeding Journal, 2(2), 119-124.
  30. Hansche, P. E., Beres, V. & Forde, H. I. (1972). Estimates of quantitative genetic properties of walnut and their implications for cultivar improvement. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, 97, 279-285.
  31. Hassani, D., Dastjerdi, R., Haghjooyan, R., Soleimani, A., Keshavarzi, M., Atefi, J. ... & Rahmanian, A. (2013). Genetic improvement of Persian walnut (Juglans regia L.) in Iran. In VII International Walnut Symposium,1050, pp. 95-102.
  32. Hassankhah, A., Vahdati, K., Rahemi, M. & Sarikhani Khorami, S. (2017). Persian walnut phenology: Effect of chilling and heat requirements on bud break and flowering date. International Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology, 4(2), 259-271.
  33. Hussain, I. S. H. T. I. A. Q., Sulatan, A. S. I. M. A., Shinwari, Z. K., Raza, G. H. U. L. A. M. & Ahmed, K. (2016). Genetic diversity based on morphological traits in walnut (Juglans regia L.) landraces from Karakoram Region-I. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 48(2), 653-659.
  34. Ipek, M., Arıkan, Ş., Pırlak, L. & Eşitken, A. (2018). Phenological, morphological and molecular characterization of some promising walnut (Juglans regia L.) genotypes in Konya. Erwerbs-Obstbau, 1-8.
  35. IPGRI. (1994). Descriptors for walnut (Juglans spp.). International Plant Genetic Resources Institute, Rome, Italy.
  36. Karadag, H. & Akca, Y. (2011). Phenological and pomological properties of promising walnut (Juglans regia L.) genotypes from selected native population in Amasya province. African Journal of Biotechnology, 10(74), 16763-16768.
  37. Karimi, R., Ershadi, A., Ehteshamnia, A., Sharifani, M., Rasouli, M., Ebrahimi, A. & Vahdati, K. (2014). Morphological and molecular evaluation of Persian walnut populations in northern and western regions of Iran. Journal of Nuts, 5(2), 21-31.
  38. Kazankaya, A., Koyuncu, M. A., Koyuncu, F., Yarilgac, T. & Sen, S. M. (2001). Some nut properties of walnuts (Juglans regia L.) of Edremit Country. Acta Horticulture, 544, 97-100.
  39. Khadivi-Khub, A. & Ebrahimi, A. (2015). The variability in walnut (Juglans regia L.) germplasm from different regions in Iran. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 37(3), 57.
  40. Khadivi-Khub, A., Ebrahimi, A., Sheibani, F. & Esmaeili, A. (2015). Phenological and pomological characterization of Persian walnut to select promising trees. Euphytica, 205(2), 557-567.
  41. Mansuri Ardakan, H., Arzani, K. & Vezvaei, A. (2003). Identification of superior walnut (Juglans regia L.) genotypes in some regions of Yazd. The First Conference of Walnut, Hamedan, Iran. p 14. (in Farsi).
  42. McGranahan, G. & Leslie, C. (2012). Walnut. In Fruit breeding, Springer, Boston, MA.
  43. McGranahan, G. H. & Forde, H. I. (1985). Relationship between clone age and selection trait expression in mature walnuts. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, 110, 692-696.
  44. Nenjuhin, VN. (1971). Selection of plus trees of the walnut in Ukraine. Plant Breeding Abstract, 41, 187.
  45. Norouzi, R., Heidari, S., Asgari-Sarcheshmeh, M. A. & Shahi-Garahlar, A. (2013). Estimation of phenotypical and morphological differentiation among some selected Persian walnut (Juglans regia L.) accessions. International Journal of Agronomy and Plant Production, 4(9), 2438-2445.
  46. Ozkan, G. & Koyunca, M. A. (2005). Physical and chemical composition of source walnut (Juglans regia L.) genotypes grown in Turkey. Grasasy Aceites, 56, 141-146.
  47. Pandey, G. & Tripathi, A. N. (2007). Estimation of genetic divergence in walnut. Indian Journal of Horticulture, 64(4), 399-401.
  48. Rahimipanah, M., Hamedi, M. & Mirzapour, M. (2010). Antioxidant activity and phenolic contents of Persian walnut (Juglans regia L.) green husk extract. African Journal of Food Science and Technology, 1(4), 105-111.
  49. Rezaei, A., Arzani, K. & Sarikhani Khorami, S. (2017). Preliminary assessment in genetic diversity of mature walnut (Juglans regia L.) genotypes in the North of Hamadan province, Iran. In: Proceedings of First International Horticultural Science Conference of Iran (IrHC2017), 4-7 Sept. Tarbiat Modares University (TMU), Tehran Iran, Abstracts Book, P-59 (178) Page: 184.
  50. Rezai, R., Hasani, G., Hassani, D. & Vahdati, K. (2008). Morphobiological characteristics of some newly selected walnut genotypes from seedling collection of Kahriz – Orumia. Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology, 9(3), 205-214. (in Farsi)
  51. Ros, E. & Mataix, J. (2006). Fatty acid composition of nuts–implications for cardiovascular health. British Journal of Nutrition, 96(S2), S29-S35.
  52. Sarikhani-Khorami, S., Arzani, K. & Roozban, M. R. (2012). Identification and selection of twelve walnut superior and promising genotypes in Fars province, Iran. Seed and Plant Improvement Journal, 28-1(2), 277-296. (in Farsi)
  53. Sarikhani-Khorami, S., Arzani, K. & Roozban, M. R. (2014). Correlations of certain high-heritability horticultural traits in Persian walnut (Juglans regia L.). Acta Horticulturae, 652, 61-68.
  54. Sarikhani-Khorami, S., Arzani, K., Karimzadeh, G., Shojaeiyan, A. & Ligterink, W. (2018). Genome size: A novel predictor of nut weight and nut size of walnut trees. HortScience, 53(3), 275-282.
  55. Shafaei Chorush, Z. & Arzani, K. (2017). Evaluation of quantitative and qualitative characteristics of some walnut genotypes in Kermanshah province. Seed and Plant Improvement Journal, 32(1), 437-459. (in Farsi).
  56. Sharma, R. M., Kour, K., Singh, B., Yadav, S., Kotwal, N., Rana, J. C. & Anand, R. (2014a). Selection and characterization of elite walnut (Juglans regia L.) clone from seedling origin trees in North Western Himalayan region of India. Australian Journal of Crop Science, 8(2), 257.
  57. Sharma, S. D. & Sharma, O. C. (1998). Studies on the variability in nuts of seedlings walnut (Juglans regia L.) in relation to the tree age. Fruit Varieties Journal, 52(1), 20-23.
  58. Sharma, S. D. & Sharma, O. C. (2001). Genetic divergence in seedling trees of Persian walnut (Juglans regia L.) for various metric nut and kernel characters in Himachal Pradesh. Scientia Horticulturae 88, 163-171.
  59. Sharma, S., Kumar, K. & Kumar, A. (2014b). Genetic divergence studies regarding different growth and foliage characters of walnut (Juglans regia L.) germplasm. Advances in Horticultural Science, 123-128.
  60. Solar, A. & Stampar, F. (2004). Evaluation of some perspective walnut genotype in Slovenia. Acta Horticulturae, 705, 131-136.
  61. Tsampas, T. & Botu, M. (2013). Study on genetic variability of common walnut (Juglans regia L.) from Northern Oltenia and Epirus. South Western Journal of Horticulture, Biology and Environment, 4(2), 127-136.
  62. UPOV. )1999(. Guidelines for the conduct of tests for distinctness, uniformity and stability in Walnut (Juglans regia L.). Union international pour la Protection des Obtentions Végétales, 31 pp.
  63. Vahdati, K., Hassani, D., Rezaee, R., Jafari Sayadi, M.H. & Sarikhani Khorami, S. (2014). Following walnut footprints (Juglans regia L.) cultivation and culture, folklore and history, traditions and uses; Chapter 24: Walnut footprint in Iran. Scripta Horticulturae; 17, 187-201.
  64. Vahdati, K., Mohseni Pourtaklu, S., Karimi, R., Barzehkar, R., Amiri, R., Mozaffari, M. & Woeste, K. (2015). Genetic diversity and gene flow of some Persian walnut populations in southeast of Iran revealed by SSR markers. Plant Systematics and Evolution, 301, 691-699.
  65. Vahdati, K., Arab, M. M., Sarikhani Khorami, S., Sadat Hosseini, M., Leslie, C. A. & Brown, P. J. (2019). Advances in Walnut Breeding Strategies (Chapter 13). In Book of Advances in Plant Breeding Strategies. Springer Press.
  66. van Nocker, S. & Gardiner, S. E. (2014). Breeding better cultivars, faster: applications of new technologies for the rapid deployment of superior horticultural tree crops. Horticulture Research, 1, 14022.
  67. Vezvaei, A., Vahdati, K. & Tajabadi, A. (2003). Descriptors for walnuts, almond and pistachio. Khaniran Publication, Tehran, Iran. (in Farsi)
  68. Yarilgac, T., Koyuncu, F., Koyuncu, M. A., Kazankaya, A. & Sen, S. M. (2001). Some promising walnut selections (Juglans regia L.). Acta Horticulturae, 544, 93-100.
  69. Yücel, C., Baloch, F. S. & Özkan, H. (2009). Genetic analysis of some physical properties of bread wheat grain (Triticum aestivum L.). Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 33(6), 525-535.
  70. Zeneli, G., Kola, H. & Dida, M. (2005). Phenotypic variation in native walnut populations of Northern Albania. Scientia Horticulturae, 105, 91-100.
 

آمار
تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 598
تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 500


سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی. قدرت گرفته از سیناوب