تعداد نشریات | 161 |
تعداد شمارهها | 6,532 |
تعداد مقالات | 70,501 |
تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 124,098,609 |
تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 97,206,242 |
ارزیابی مزرعهای کاربرد بور و نیتروژن بر عملکرد و خصوصیات کیفی پنبه رقم ورامین در یک خاک آهکی | ||
به زراعی کشاورزی | ||
مقاله 8، دوره 23، شماره 1، فروردین 1400، صفحه 101-111 اصل مقاله (501.99 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jci.2020.296033.2340 | ||
نویسنده | ||
محسن سیلسپور* | ||
استادیار، بخش تحقیقات کشت گلخانهای، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان تهران، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ورامین، ایران | ||
چکیده | ||
در آزمایشی مزرعهای، اثرات کاربرد نیتروژن و بوربر کمی و کیفی پنبه رقم ورامین در مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان تهران مطالعه گردید. آزمایش بهصورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در سال 1395 اجرا شد. نیتروژن با چهار سطح (صفر، 100، 200 و 300 کیلوگرم در هکتار) بهعنوان عامل اصلی و بور با سه سطح (بدون برگپاشی، یک بار برگپاشی و دو بار برگپاشی) بهعنوان عامل فرعی در نظر گرفته شد. اثرات ساده نیتروژن و بور و اثر متقابل نیتروژن و بور بر صفات کمی پنبه شامل میانگین تعداد غوزه در بوته، میانگین وزن غوزه، عملکرد وش و الیاف، درصد کیل و صفات کیفی شامل طول و استحکام الیاف معنیدار بود. بالاترین عملکرد وش (5233 کیلوگرم در هکتار)، عملکرد الیاف (2080 کیلوگرم در هکتار)، درصد کیل (40)، طول الیاف (3/31 میلیمتر)، استحکام الیاف (7/29 گرم بر تکس) از کاربرد 200 کیلوگرم نیتروژن در هکتار همراه با دو بار برگپاشی بور حاصل شد. بین خصوصیات کیفی الیاف با نیتروژن همبستگی وجود داشت که رابطه رگرسیون آن از معادله درجه دو پیروی میکرد. نتایج نشان داد که در خاکهایی که کمتر از 5/0 میلیگرم در کیلوگرم بور داشته باشند و ذخیره کربن آلی آنها کمتر از 81/0 درصد باشد، مصرف نیتروژن و بور باعث افزایش معنیدار عملکرد وش و الیاف پنبه میشود و خصوصیات کیفی الیاف نیز ارتقا مییابد. بنابراین، در چنین خاکهایی مصرف 200 کیلوگرم نیتروژن خالص همراه با دو بار برگپاشی بور با غلظت پنج در هزار از منبع اسید بوریک در مرحله گلدهی و دو هفته پس از آن، توصیه میشود. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
پنبه؛ بور؛ الیاف؛ عملکرد؛ نیتروژن | ||
عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
THE EFFECTS OF NITROGEN AND BORON ON QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE PARAMETERS OF COTTON | ||
نویسندگان [English] | ||
Mohsen Seilsepour | ||
Assistant Professor, Greenhouse Cultivation Research Department, Tehran Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Varamin, Iran | ||
چکیده [English] | ||
In a field experiment, the effects from application of nitrogen and boron on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of Varamin cotton variety have been studied at Tehran Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center in 2016. The experiment has been carried out, using a randomized complete block design with factorial arrangement with three replications, with the main factor being nitrogen at four levels (0, 100, 200, and 300 kg ha-1) and the sub-factor, involving boron at three levels (no leaf spray, one leaf spray, and two leaf spray). The effects of nitrogen and boron and the interaction of nitrogen and boron on the quantitative traits of cotton, namely the mean number of bolls per plant, average boll weight, fiber yield, and fiber gin out, with the qualitative traits including fiber length and strength. Highest seedcotton yield (5233 kg ha-1), fiber yield (2080 kg ha-1), fiber percentage (40%), fiber length (31.3 mm), and fiber strength (29.7 g/textile) belong to 200 kg N per hectare and twice spraying of boron. There is a correlation between the qualitative properties of the fibers and nitrogen, whose regression relation follows the quadratic equation. Results show that in soils with less than 0.5 mg/kg boron and less than 0.81% organic carbon storage, nitrogen and boron application significantly increases seedcotton and fiber yield and the fiber quality is also improved. Therefore, in such soils, it is recommended to utilize 200 kg N with two times of foliar boron application from boric acid source with a concentration of five per thousand at flowering stage for two weeks thereafter. | ||
کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
boron, cotton, fiber, seedcotton yield, Nitrogen | ||
مراجع | ||
Ahmed, N. (2009). Establishment soil and plant tissue boron and zinc requuirment for cotton in calcareous soils of Pakistan. Ph.D. thesis. University College of agriculture, Bahauddin Zakarya University. Pakistan. Albers, D. W., Hefner, S. & Klobe, D. (2003). Fertility management of cotton. University of Missouri Extension Publication G4256 (web access only: http://extension.missouri.edu/Publications/DisplayPub.aspx?P=G4256) Ali, H. & Hameed, R .A. (2011). Growth, yield and yield components of American cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) as affected by cultivars and nitrogen fertilizer. International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, 2, 1-13. Aliehyai, M. (1996). Methods of chemical analysis of soil. Soil and Water Research Institute. Karaj. Iran (In Persian). Bauer, P. J. & Roof, M. E. (2004). Nitrogen and cover crop effects on cotton yield and fiber properties. Agronomy journal, 96, 369–376. Boman, R. K., Raun, W. R., Westerman, R. L. & Banks, J. C. (2001). Longterm Nitrogen fertilization in short-season cotton: Interpretation of agronomic characteristics using stability analysis. Journal of production Agriculture, 10, 580–585. Boquet, D. J. (2005). Cotton in ultra-narrow row spacing: plant density and nitrogen fertilizer rates. Agronomy Journal, 97, 279-287. Bradow, J. M. & Davidonis, G. H. (2000). Quantitation of fiber quality and the cotton production-processing interface: a physiologist's perspective. Journal of Cotton Science 4: 34-64. Brown P. H., Bellaloui, N., Wimmer, M. A., Bassil E. S., Ruiz, J. & Hu, H. (2002). Boron in plant biology. Plant Biology, 4, 205-223 Dordas, C. (2006). Foliar boron application affects lint and seed yield and improves seed quality of cotton grown on calcareous soils. Nutr. Cycl. Agroecosys. 76, 19-28 Elayan, S. E. D. (2008). Effect of foliar application of some micronutrients on growth, yield and fiber properties on some Egyptian cotton cultivars. Egyption Journal of Applied Science, 23(4B), 469- 485. Farshi, A. A., Jarallahi, R., Ghaemi, M. R. & Shahabi, M. (1997). Estimated Water Requirements for Crops and Orchards in the Country. Agriculture education publication, Karaj, Iran (In Persian). Fritschi, F. B., Roberts, B. A., Travis, R. L., Rains, D. W., & Hutmacher, R. B. (2003). Response of irrigated Acala and Pima cotton to nitrogen fertilization. Agronomy Journal, 95, 133-146 Gascho, G.L. (2005). Late season fertilization of soybeans with nitrogen and boron. Better Crops. Summer. pp.18. Girma K, Teal., Freeman., R. K, , Boman., K. W. & Raun, W. R. (2007) Cotton lint yield and quality as affected by applications of N, P, and K fertilizers. Journal of Cotton Science, 11, 12-19. Gomaa, M. E., El,Sayed, K. M. & Rady., M. S. (2001). Response of Egyptian cotton to nitrogen fertilizer and irrigation frequency. II Fiber properties and seed quality characters , Monoufeia-Journal-of-Agricultural-Research, 4, 189-210 Gormus, O. & Sabagh, A. (2016). Effect of nitrogen and sulfur on the quality of the cotton fiber under mediterranean conditions. Journal of Experimental Biology and Agricultural Sciences, (Issue6),662.669 Gormus, O., Sabagh, E.L. & Islam, M. S. (2016). Optimizing yield and fiber quality of cotton under mediterranean environment: managing nitrogen and potassium nutrition. Journal of Experimental Biology and Agricultural Sciences, 4 (Suppl. V), 572-580. doi: 10.18006/2016.4(5S). 572.580 Hamidi, A. (2011). Identification and registration of Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cultivars by using morphological charactristics. Research project final report. Ministryof Jihad–e-Agriculture Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Seed and Plant Certification and Registration Institute (SPCRI), Registration No.: 89/1761. Howard, D. D., Gwathmey, C.O., Essington, M. E., Roberts, R. K. & Mullen, M. D. (2001) Nitrogen fertilization of no till cotton on loess-derived soils. Agronomy Journal, 93, 157-163. Hussain, S. Z., Faird, S., Anwar, M., Gill, M. I. & Baugh, M. D. (2000). Effect of plant density and nitrogen on the yield of seed cotton-variety CIM-443. Sarhad Journal of Agriculture, 16, 143-147. Hutmacher, R. B., Travis, R. L., Rains, D. W., Vargas, R. N., Roberts, B. A., Weir, B. L., Wright, S. D., Munk, D. S., Marsh, B. H., Keeley, M. P., Fritschi, F. B., Munier, D. J., Nichols, R. L. & Delgado. R. (2004). Response of recent Acala cotton cultivars to variable nitrogen rates in the San Joaquin Valley of California. Agronomy Journal, 96, 48-62. Khalileva, A. & Yusupov, S. H. (2004).The direct and residual effects of trace elements on yield and uptake of trace elements by cotton , Uzbekskii-Biologicheskii-Zhurnal, 3, 30-33 Kumar, S., Komar, D. & Sekhon, K. S. (2018). Influence of Levels and Methods of Boron Application on the Yield and Uptake of Boron by Cotton in a Calcareous Soil of Punjab. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 49(4). Lemon, R., Bowman, R., McFarland, M., Bean, B., Provin, T. & Hons, F. (2009). Nitrogen management in cotton SCS-2009-1. Texas AgriLife Extension Service, The Texas A&M University System. MacDonald, S., Naik, G. & Landes,. R. (2010). Markets, institutions, and the quality of agricultural products: cotton quality in India. Agricultural & Applied Economics Association 2010 AAEA,CAES, & WAEA Joint Annual Meeting, Denver, Colorado, July 25-27. Oosterhuis, D. M. & Zhao, D. (2006). Effect of boron deficiency on the growth and carbohydrate metabolism of cotton. Developments in Plant and Soil Sciences, 92, 166-167. Oosterhuis, D. M. & Brown, S. (2002). Effect of soil and foliar-applied boron on the physiology and yield of cotton. Soil Fertility Information. June 2002. Oosterhuis, D. M. & Steger, A. (2005). The influence of nitrogen and boron on the physiology and production of cotton. News & Views. Regional newsletter published by the Potash & Phosphate Institute (PPI) Read, J. J., Reddy, K. R. & Jenkins, J. N. (2006). Yield and fiber quality of Upland cotton as influenced by nitrogen and potassium nutrition. European Journal of Agronomy, 24, 282-290. Reddy, K.R., Koti, S., Davidonis, G.H. & Reddy, V.R., (2004). Interactive effects of carbon dioxide and nitrogen nutrition on cotton growth, development, yield, and fiber quality. Agronomy Journal, 96, 1148-1157. Rochester, I. J., Peoples, M. B. & Constable, G. A. (2001) Estimation of the N fertilizer requirement of cotton grown after legume crops. Field Crops Research, 70, 43-53. Saleem, M. F., Bilal, M., Awais, M. Q. & Anjum, S. A. (2010). Effect of nitrogen on seed cotton yield and fiber qualities of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cultivars. The Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences, 20(1), 23-27 Saranga, Y., Menz, C. X., Jiang, J. W., Robert, D. & Andrew, H. P. (2001). Genomic dissection of genotype X environment interactions conferring adaptation of cotton to arid conditions. Genome Res. 11, 1988–1995. edition, AVI Pub. 10 Inc. Westport, Connecticur. pp. 559-588. Sawan, Z. M., Mahmoud, M. H. & El-Guibali, A. H. (2006). Response of yield, yield components, and fiber properties of Egyptian cotton (Gossypium barbadense L.) to nitrogen fertilization and foliar-applied potassium and mepiquat chloride. The Journal. Cotton Science, 10, 224–234. Seilsepour, M. & Rashidi, M. (2011). Effect of different application rates of nitrogen on yield and quality of cotton (G. hirsutum). American-Eurasian Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, 10, 366-370. Seilsepour, M., Rashidi, M. & Somani, P. Y., (2013). Influence of different application rates of boron on biological growth and fiber quality of cotton. American-Eurasian Journal of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences, 13, 548–52 Shafshak,S. E., El,Sayed. K. I., Salem,M. S. & Shahine,I. M. (2002). Effect of different levels and forms of nitrogen fertilizer on Egyptian cotton, Giza 69 cultivar. III. Effect on fiber properties and chemical content., Annals-of-Agricultural-Science, 20, 157-182 Shah, J. A., Zia-ul-Hassan, S., Rajpar, I., & Sial. M.A, (2015). Response of cotton genotypes to boron 408 under B-deficient and B-adequate conditions. Pakistan Journal of Biological Science,47, 1657-1663. Shorrocks, V. M. (1997). The occurrence and correction of boron deficiency. Plant and soil.193:121-148 Silva,N. M., Carvalho, L.H. & Bortoletto, N. (2003). Regional study on application of boron fertilizer to cotton in Sao Paulo State, Brazil, Bragantia, 50, 341-358 Subhan, M., Khan, H. U. & Ahmed, R. O. (2001). Population analysis of some agronomic and technological characteristics of upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Pakistan Journal of Biological Science, 1, 120-123. Wimmer, M. A. & Eichert, T. (2013). Review: mechanisms for boron deficiency-mediated changes in plant water relations. Plant Science, 203, 25–32. Yusupov,S. h., Pirakhunov.,T. P. & Khalileva, A. ( 2001). Effectiveness of mineral fertilizers with added trace elements on cotton stands under conditions of Golodna steppe, Agrokhimiya, 3, 89-92 Zancan, W. L. A., Chitarra, L. G. & Chitarra, G. S. (2013). Cotton in Brazil: Importance and chemical control of bolls rot. In: Nita, M. (ed.). Fungicides-showcases of integrated plant disease management from around the world. London. IntechOpen Limited, 2013. Cap.7. p.135-152. Zhang, W., Wang, Z., Yu, S., Li, S., Cao, L. & Wang, D. (2002) Effect of Nitrogen on Canopy Photosynthesis and Yield Formation in High- Yielding Cotton of Xinjiang. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 28, 789-796. Ziaian, A., Seilsepour, M. & Ghoushchi, F. (2004). Principals of cotton nutrition. Marze Danesh press. Tehran. Iran. (In persian).
| ||
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 356 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 350 |