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ارزیابی آثار تغییر اقلیم و فعالیت انسانی بر منابع آب (مطالعۀ موردی: رودخانۀ کارون) | ||
| اکوهیدرولوژی | ||
| مقاله 12، دوره 7، شماره 4، دی 1399، صفحه 993-1005 اصل مقاله (1.06 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ije.2020.306624.1357 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| مریم نعیمی* 1؛ سمیرا زندی فر1؛ الهام فیجانی2؛ سعید فرزین3 | ||
| 1استادیار بخش تحقیقات بیابان، مؤسسۀ تحقیقات جنگل‌ها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران | ||
| 2استادیار، دانشکدۀ زمین‌شناسی، پردیس علوم، دانشگاه تهران | ||
| 3استادیار، دانشکدۀ عمران، دانشگاه سمنان | ||
| چکیده | ||
| تغییر اقلیم و فعالیت‌های انسانی، از جمله سدسازی و برداشت آب برای مصارف مختلف، دو کلیدواژه در مدیریت منابع آب هستند که به طور مستقیم بر تبادلات آب بین منابع آب سطحی و زیرزمینی مؤثر‌ند. تحقیق حاضر به تعیین سهم تغییر اقلیم (خشکسالی هیدرولوژیکی) و فعالیت‌های انسانی (سدسازی) بر منابع آب رودخانۀ کارون پرداخته است. به این منظور، منابع آب سطحی و آبخوان محدودۀ مطالعاتی گتوند-عقیلی برای مطالعه انتخاب شد. با تجزیه‌وتحلیل ماتریس ایرانی آثار سدسازی بر منابع آب مشخص شد. نتایج نشان داد تعداد آثار میانگین جبری منفی در ستون برابر با 6 عدد و تعداد پیامدهای میانگین جبری منفی در ردیف برابر با 4 عدد است که در این بین، تعداد پیامدهای منفی کمتر از 1/3- در ستون، به توسعۀ گردشگری و تفرج مربوط می‌شود. همچنین، تعداد آثار منفی کمتر از 1/3- در ردیف، مربوط به کیفیت آب رودخانه است. در ادامه، به منظور تعیین سهم تغییر اقلیم در تغییرات منابع آب، شاخص‌های خشکسالی هیدرولوژیکی و هیدروژئولوژیکی در دورۀ آماری 15 ساله محاسبه شدند. نتایج مقایسۀ میزان هدایت الکتریکی و TDS در نقاط نمونه‌برداری‌شده نشان‌دهندۀ افزایش درخور توجه بود که با نتایج ماتریس ایرانی همخوانی داشت. همچنین، با توجه به آبگیری سد گتوند علیا در سال 1390 و مقایسۀ شاخص‌های SDI و GRI نشان می‌دهد طی سال‌های 1391 تا 1394 خشکسالی هیدرولوژیکی و هیدروژئولوژیکی در منطقه وجود نداشته است و بر این اساس، می‌توان بخشی از افت آبخوان را ناشی از احداث سد گتوند علیا و برداشت‌های منطقه‌ای دانست. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| ارزیابی آثار محیط زیست؛ تغییر اقلیم؛ توسعۀ پایدار؛ سد؛ منابع آب | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Assessing the Impacts of Climate Change and Human Activity on Water Resources, Case Study: Karun River | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Maryam Naeimi1؛ Samira Zandifar1؛ Elham Fijani2؛ Saeed Farzin3 | ||
| 1Assistant Professor, Desert Research Department, Research Institute of Forest and Rangeland, AREEO, Tehran | ||
| 2Assistant Professor, Faculty of Geology, University of Tehran, Tehran | ||
| 3Assistant Professor, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Semnan University, Semnan | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Climate change and human activities, including dams, are keywords in water resources management that directly affect water exchanges between surface and groundwater resources. The purpose of this study is to determine the contribution of human activities (dam construction) and climate change (hydrological drought) on the water resources of the Karun River. For this purpose, the study area of Gotvand-Aghili was selected. By analyzing the Iranian matrix, the effects of dam construction on water resources were determined. The results showed that there are 6 and 4 negative effects in the column and row respectively. However, the matrix shows that the consequence and impact of tourism development and recreational activity and surface water quality are less than -3.1. Continuously, to determine the contribution of climate change in water resources, hydrological and hydrogeological drought indices were calculated over an 11-year statistical period. The results of comparing the electrical conductivity in the sampled points show a significant increase that was consistent with the results of the Iranian matrix. Comparison of SDI and GRI indices shows that from 2012 to 2015, there was no hydrological and hydrogeological drought in the region, and based on this, part of the aquifer decline can be considered as a result of the construction of the Gotvand Olya Dam. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Environmental Impact Assessment, Climate Change, Sustainable Development, Dam, Groundwater Resources | ||
| مراجع | ||
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