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ارزیابی چرخه حیات (LCA) سامانه پخش سیلاب حوزه آبخیز دئفه رفسنجان | ||
| تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران | ||
| دوره 52، شماره 2، اردیبهشت 1400، صفحه 507-522 اصل مقاله (1.03 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijswr.2020.309922.668734 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| فهیمه جعفری مهدی آباد1؛ محمد جعفری* 1؛ علیرضا مقدم نیا1؛ مظاهر معین الدینی2؛ ابراهیم علایی3؛ محمد رضا صبور4؛ محمد عبدالهی عزت آبادی5 | ||
| 1گروه احیاء مناطق خشک و کوهستانی، دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران. | ||
| 2گروه محیط زیست، دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران. | ||
| 3دانشیار پژوهشگاه صنعت نفت، تهران، ایران. | ||
| 4دانشیار گروه محیط زیست، دانشکده مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه صنعتی خواجه نصیرالدین طوسی، تهران، ایران. | ||
| 5استادیار سازمان تحقیقات آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، موسسه تحقیقات علوم باغبانی، پژوهشکده پسته، رفسنجان، ایران. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| امروزه در سراسر جهان اثرات محیطزیستی به عنوان یکی از مهمترین ابعاد توسعه پایدار، تأثیرات بسزایی در تصمیمگیریهای راهبردی دارد. مدیریت منابع آب به دلیل رابطه دوسویه با توسعه پایدار و تسهیل‌کننده این مسیر، به ویژه در مناطق خشک و نیمهخشک، از جمله حساسترین اقدامات است. یکی از اهداف اصلی LCA ارزیابی پیامدهای محیطزیستی انتشارات است. در این مقاله با استفاده از این رویکرد به این مسئله پرداخته میشود که انتخاب اقدامات مکانیکی آبخیزداری جهت مدیریت منابع آب، تا چه حد با محیطزیست سازگار است. لذا جریان مواد و انرژی و اثرات محیطزیستی تمامی مراحل چرخه حیات یک واحد سامانه پخش سیلاب (واقع در حوزه آبخیز دئفه در دشت رفسنجان) با استفاده از رویکرد چرخه حیات و بر اساس روش IMPACT 2002+ در نرم‌افزار سیماپرو مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد سازه خاکی موجود در سامانه پخش سیلاب، با تعلق 34/91 درصد از بارهای محیطزیستی مرحله ساخت و 2/55 درصد از کل اثرات به میزان kPt 37/8 ، به عنوان نقاط داغ یک سامانه پخش سیلاب محسوب میشود. یافتههای مطالعه نمایان ساخت که پیامدهای محیطزیستی انتشارات در طی چرخه حیات این سامانه kPt 2/15 است. مرحله ساخت با بیشترین مقدار اثرات محیطزیستی در تمامی طبقات اثر به جز تخریب منابع 2/39 درصد، مرحله استفاده 3/31 درصد، استخراج و بهرهوری مواد 3/23 درصد و مرحله حمل و نقل 93/0 درصد از بارهای محیطزیستی را به خود اختصاص میدهند. مقادیر پیامدهای محیطزیستی در طبقات اثر سوء بر سلامت انسان، تغییر اقلیم، تخریب منابع و تخریب اکوسیستم سامانه پخشسیلاب به ترتیب kPt 63/6 ، 54/3، 06/3 و 94/1 است. نتایج این تحقیق جهت ارزیابی اثرات محیطزیستی سازههای مختلف نیز مفید خواهد بود. در نهایت پیشنهاد میشود توسعه ارزیابی چرخه حیات و رویکرد ساختمان سبز در مدیریت جامع حوزه آبخیز که برای خود رسالت حفاظت از منابع طبیعی کشورمان را قائل هستند، از جمله انتخاب دبی طرح با ملاحظات محیطزیستی، مقادیر و نوع مواد و تجهیزات سازگار با محیطزیست پیادهسازی گردد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| ارزیابی چرخه حیات؛ محیط زیست؛ سامانه پخش سیلاب؛ حوزه آبخیز دئفه رفسنجان | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Life Cycle Assessment of Flood Spreading System Daefeh Watershed in Rafsanjan Plain | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Fahime Jafari Mehdiabad1؛ Mohammad Jafari1؛ Alireza Moghaddam Nia1؛ Mazaher moeinaddini2؛ Ebrahim alaiee3؛ Mohammad Reza Sabour4؛ Mohammad Abdolahi Ezzatabadi5 | ||
| 1Department of Reclamation of Arid and Mountainous Regions, Faculty of Natural Resources, Tehran University, Karaj, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources, Tehran University, Karaj, Iran | ||
| 3Research Institute of Petroleum Industry, Tehran, Iran | ||
| 4Department of Environment Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran. | ||
| 5Pistachio Research Center, Horticultural Sciences Research Institute, Agriculture Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Rafsanjan, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Nowadays, around the world, environmental impacts, as one of the most important dimensions of sustainable development, play a significant role in strategic decision makings. Water resources management is one of the most sensitive measures due to its bi-directional relationship with sustainable development and also as a facilitator of this path, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. One of the main purpose of the LCA approach is to assess the environmental impact of emissions. In this study, environmental compatibility of mechanical watershed management measures to manage water resources is investigated by using this approach. Therefore, material flow, energy and environmental impacts of all stages of the life cycle of one unit of flood spreading system (located in Daefeh watershed in Rafsanjan plain) were analyzed based on IMPACT 2002+ method available in the Simapro software. The results showed that the earthen structure of the flood spreading system with 8.37 kPt environmental impact is the hot spot of this system (Mostly due to the earthworks), including 91.34% of environmental burdens in the construction phase and 55.2% of the total emission effects. The findings of this research showed that the environmental consequences of emissions during the life cycle of this system were 15.2 kPt. Construction process stage (with the highest amount of environmental burdens in each impact category except for resource depletion) 39.2%, use stage 31.3%, extraction and productivity of materials 23.3% and transportation stage 0.93% of Environmental burdens were allocated in this study. The environmental consequences of emissions in the categories of adverse effects on human health, climate change, resource depletion and ecosystem depletion of the flood spreading system are 6.63, 3.54, 3.06 and 1.94 kPt, respectively. Also the results of this study will be useful for evaluating the environmental effects of different structures. Finally, it is suggested that in the integrated watershed management, which is responsible for protecting our nation's natural resources, life cycle assessment approach be developed and the green building approach could be implemented, such as selecting the design discharge with environmental considerations, selecting quantities and types of environmentally friendly materials. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| life cycle assessment, environment, Flood Spreading System, Daefeh watershed in Rafsanjan plain | ||
| مراجع | ||
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