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مروری بر کاربرد انرژی های تجدیدپذیر در سیستم های نمک زدایی از آب دریا | ||
اکوهیدرولوژی | ||
مقاله 18، دوره 8، شماره 1، فروردین 1400، صفحه 249-282 اصل مقاله (1.86 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مروری | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ije.2021.312117.1398 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
احمد فدایی1؛ یونس نوراللهی* 2؛ فاطمه راضی آستارایی2 | ||
1دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه مهندسی انرژیهای نو و محیط زیست، دانشکدۀ علوم و فنون نوین، دانشگاه تهران، تهران | ||
2دانشیار، گروه مهندسی انرژیهای نو و محیط زیست، دانشکدۀ علوم و فنون نوین، دانشگاه تهران، تهران | ||
چکیده | ||
افزایش جمعیت، توسعۀ شهرنشینی و صنعتی شدن سبب افزایش درخور توجه تقاضای آب شیرین در جهان شده است. شیرینسازی منابع آب در دسترس و فراوان موجود، گزینهای مطلوب و توجیهپذیر برای پاسخ به نیاز آب آشامیدنی و مصرفی صنعت است. نمکزدایی آب دریا فرایندی انرژیبر است و با توجه به اینکه 99 درصد تأسیسات نمکزدایی نصبشده از سوختهای فسیلی بهعنوان منبع انرژی بهره میگیرند، عواملی همچون قیمت متغیر و پایانپذیری این نوع منابع انرژی، تأثیرات مخرب زیستمحیطی ناشی از انتشار آلایندهها و گازهای گلخانهای در کنار سایر فاکتورهای راهبردی، سیاسی و اجتماعی سبب توجه گسترده به توسعۀ کاربرد انرژیهای تجدیدپذیر به عنوان نیروی محرکۀ تأسیسات نمکزدایی شده است. پژوهش حاضر به مروری جامع بر پیشرفتهای صورتگرفته در ترکیب منابع انرژیهای تجدیدپذیر با فناوریهای مرسوم و نوین در حوزۀ نمکزدایی آب دریا پرداخته و تمرکز آن بر تشریح فناوریها و مطالعات انجامشده در کاربرد انرژی خورشیدی، انرژی هستهای، انرژی بادی، انرژی زمینگرمایی، انرژیهای اقیانوسی، انرژی زیستتوده و انرژیهای تجدیدپذیر ترکیبی در نمکزدایی است. استفادۀ ترکیبی از دو یا چند منبع انرژی تجدیدپذیر به همراه سیستمهای ذخیرهساز، راه حلی مطمئن و نویدبخش به منظور تأمین پایدار انرژی مورد نیاز نمکزدایی معرفی شده است. در کشور ما نیز محققان و متخصصان این حوزه در حال تلاش و پژوهش هستند. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
آب شیرین؛ سیستم های ترکیبی؛ منابع تجدیدپذیر؛ نمک زدایی آب دریا | ||
عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
Renewable Energy-driven Seawater Desalination: A Comprehensive Review | ||
نویسندگان [English] | ||
Ahmad Fadaei1؛ Younes Noorollahi2؛ Fatemeh Razi Astaraei2 | ||
1Master’s Student, Department of Renewable Energies and Environment, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran | ||
2Associate Professor, Department of Renewable Energies and Environment, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran | ||
چکیده [English] | ||
Population growth, urbanization, and industrialization have led to a significant increase in global freshwater demand. Desalination of available and abundant water resources is a feasible option to meet the potable and industrial water demand. Seawater desalination is an energy-intensive process, and 99% of installed desalination plants use fossil fuels as the main energy source. Fluctuating prices and depletion of this type of energy resources, as well as their destructive environmental effects due to emissions and greenhouse gases along with other strategic, political, economic, and social factors, have led to widespread attention to the integration of renewable energy as a driving force for desalination plants. This study provides a comprehensive review of the recent progress made in renewable energy-driven seawater desalination and focuses on the use of solar, nuclear, wind, geothermal, ocean, biomass energy, and hybrid renewable resources in desalination. Utilization of a hybrid system of two or more renewable energy sources along with storage devices are proposed as a reliable and promising solution to provide a sustainable energy supply for desalination. In our country, researchers and experts in this field are trying and researching. | ||
کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
Seawater desalination, Freshwater, Renewable energy resources, Hybrid systems | ||
مراجع | ||
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