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اثرات گیاه پالایی و زیست پالایی بر حذف و انتقال هیدروکربنهای نفتی در یک خاک آلوده به نفت خام | ||
تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران | ||
دوره 52، شماره 1، فروردین 1400، صفحه 261-271 اصل مقاله (802.24 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijswr.2020.308482.668708 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
اکبر نعمتی* 1؛ احمد گلچین2؛ اکبر قویدل3 | ||
1مهندسی علوم خاک-دانشکده کشاورزی-دانشگاه زنجان-زنجان -ایران | ||
2گروه مهندسی علوم خاک-دانشگاه زنجان-زنجان-ایران | ||
3گروه مهندسی علوم خاک-دانشکده کشاورزی-دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی-اردبیل-ایران | ||
چکیده | ||
نفت خام یکی از مهمترین منابع انرژی است که تولید، انتقال، مصرف و دفع آن در مقیاس گسترده، آن را به یکی از مهمترین و رایجترین انواع آلودگی محیط زیست در سراسر جهان تبدیل کرده است. بمنظور مطالعه تاثیر گیاهپالایی و زیستپالایی بر شستشوی ترکیبات نفتی در خاک آلوده به نفت خام یک آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی و در سه تکرار طراحی و اجرا شد. فاکتورهای مورد مطالعه شامل سطوح آلودگی خاک با نفت خام شامل صفر (C0)، 2 درصد نفت خام (C1) و 4 درصد نفت خام (C2) و تیمارهای پالایشی شامل کاشت گیاه چمن Lolium perenne (T1)، باکتری Pseudomonas Putida + قارچ Phanerochaete Chrysosporium (T2)، کاشت چمن + باکتری Pseudomonas Putidaا + قارچ Phanerochaete Chrysosporium (T3)، و بدون تیمار پالایشی (T0) بودند. بعد از اتمام آزمایش، کل هیدروکربنهای نفتی Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPHs) در عمقهای مختلف ستون خاک (5، 15، 25، 35 و 45 سانتیمتر) اندازهگیری شد. نتایج نشان داد تیمارهای پالایشی غلظت کل ترکیبات نفتی را در منطقه ریشه کاهش دادند و تیمار T3پالایشی غلظت کل ترکیبات نفتی را در هر دو سطح آلودگی نفت خام C1 و C2 به ترتیب 34 و 59 درصد کاهش داد. ترکیبات نفتی همچنین در عمقهای غیر آلوده مشاهده شدند که نشان دهنده حرکت ترکیبات نفتی از لایههای بالایی به لایههای پایینی بود. کمترین میزان انتقال ترکیبات نفتی به عمقهای پایینی ستون خاک در تیمار T3 پالایشی و بیشترین میزان انتقال ترکیبات نفتی در تیمار T2 پالایشی مشاهده شد. بهطور کلی تیمارهای پالایشی در خاکهای آلوده به مواد نفتی، بهویژه در منطقه ریشه ترکیبات نفتی را تجزیه کرده ولی نمیتوانند از حرکت ترکیبات نفتی و انتقال آنها به لایههای پایینتر جلوگیری کنند. تا حدی که امکان وارد شدن این ترکیبات به داخل آبهای زیر زمینی هم وجود دارد. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
آلودگی خاک؛ کل هیدروکربنهای نفتی؛ ستون خاک؛ انتقال آلایندهها؛ پالایش خاک | ||
عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
The Effects of Phytoremediation and Bioremediation on Removal and Transferal of Oil Compounds in A Crude Oil Contaminated Soil | ||
نویسندگان [English] | ||
Akbar Nemati1؛ Ahmad Golchin2؛ Akbar Ghavidel3 | ||
1Department of soil science, Agriculture Faculty, Zanjan University , Zanjan, Iran; | ||
2Department of soil science, Agriculture Faculty, Zanjan University , Zanjan, Iran; | ||
3Department of soil science, Agriculture Faculty, Mohaghegh Ardabili University , Ardabil, , Iran; | ||
چکیده [English] | ||
Crude oil is one of the most important sources of energy and its large scale production, transmission, consumption and disposal, making it one of the most important and common types of environmental pollution in the worldwide. In order to investigate the effects of phytoremediation and bioremediation on translocation of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPHs) in crude oil contaminated soil, a factorial experiment based on completely randomized design with three replications was conducted. Three rates of crude oil contamination; 0 (C0), 2 (C1) and 4% w/w (C2) and four remediation treatments; Lolium perenne (T1), Pseudomonas putida+Phanerochaete chrysosporium (T2), Lolium perenne+Pseudomonas putida+ Phanerochaete chrysosporium (T3) and control (T0) were applied. At the end of experiment, TPHs concentrations in different depths of soil column (5, 15, 25, 35 and 45 cm depths) were measured. The results showed that the different remediation treatments decreased the TPHs concentration in the root zone and T3 treatment decreased the concentration of TPHs both in C1 and C2 contamination rates by 34 and 59%, respectively. Oil compounds were also observed in the uncontaminated sub layers which indicated oil compounds transported from upper layer to lower layers. The lowest TPHs translocation to sub layers in the soil columns observed in T3 remediation treatment and the highest amount of TPHs translocation to sub layers observed in T2 remediation treatment. Generally, remediation treatments in oil contaminated soil degrade and decrease oil compounds specially in root zone but cannot prevent oil compounds movement and translocation to sub layers. Consequently, oil compounds may enter to groundwater. | ||
کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
Soil pollution, Total petroleum hydrocarbons, Soil column, Contaminants translocation, Soil remediation | ||
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