Comparing the effect of wearing insoles on some motor-physical factors, lower extremity performance and stability in male adolescents with structural flat foot

Rafiee, Shahriar; Ghayour Najafabadi, Mahbubeh; Sheikhi, Afsaneh; Sobhrakhshan Khah, Amir

doi:10.22059/sshr.2021.83242

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	Comparing the effect of wearing insoles on some motor-physical factors, lower extremity performance and stability in male adolescents with structural flat foot
Sport Sciences and Health Research
مقاله 8، دوره 13، شماره 2، مهر 2021، صفحه 209-216 اصل مقاله (359.52 K)
نوع مقاله: Research Paper
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/sshr.2021.83242
نویسندگان
Shahriar Rafiee¹؛ Mahbubeh Ghayour najafabadi^* ²؛ Afsaneh Sheikhi¹؛ amir Sobhrakhshan khah³
¹Master of Physical Education, Islamic Azad University, Karaj Branch, Karaj, Iran
²Assistant Professor, Department of Control and Motor Development, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
³Sepehr Heart Center, Baharloo Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran
چکیده
Background: flatfoot is a common deformity characterized by the midfoot arch collapses during walking. As the midfoot is responsible for shock absorption, persons with flatfoot experience increased risk of injuries Aim: to the purpose of this study was to compare some motor-physical factors, lower extremity performance and stability index in male adolescents 10-12 having structural flat foot with and without insole. Materials and Methods: Subjects who utilized medical insoles for four to six months were selected in access from technical orthopedic in Karaj. After parents got aware of the purpose and conditions participating in research, their height and weight were measured. In the first day, they were assessed by motor-physical factors test (agility, speed, endurance), lower extremity performance (one-leg jump, cross jump, maximum distance access, walking six meters) and stability index wearing insole and on the next day without wearing insole. To analyze data, paired t-test was utilized. Wilcoxson was used respectively for parametric and non-parametric data. Results: According to the paired t-test a significant difference was observed in the 6-meter timed test. Mean difference was slower in wearing insole compared to not wearing insole. Moreover, stability index results showed more stability when not wearing insole which eyes were closed to significant. Conclusion: According to the results, wearing insole in individuals with flat foot, could slow down the walking speed. However, wearing insole may improve stability index when visual input is not in access.
کلیدواژه‌ها
adolescents؛ flatfoot؛ foot deformities؛ physical fitness؛ physical performance؛ postural balance

مراجع
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[28] Crago D, Bishop C, Arnold JB. “The effect of foot orthoses and insoles on running economy and performance in distance runners: A systematic review and meta-analysis”. Journal of Sports Sciences. 2019; 37(22): 2613-24. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2019.1651582. PMID: 31423908. [29] Nikkhouamiri F, Akochakian M, Shirzad Araghi E, Hosein nejad SE. “Effect of a Course of Selected Corrective Exercises on Balance and Function of Female Adolescents with Flexible Flatfoot”. IJMPP. 2019; 4(2). doi:170-179. 10.52547/ijmpp.4.2.170. [30] Shin JY, Ryu YU, Yi CW. “Effects of insoles contact on static balance”. Journal of Physical Therapy Science. 2016; 28(4): 1241-4. PMCID: PMC4868220. PMID: 27190460. doi: 10.1589/jpts.28.1241. [31] Samimi H, Anbarian M, Abdolmaleki M. "Study of the immediate effect of support arch on foot pressure center movements in the elderly". Sixth National Conference of Physical Education and Sports Science Students in Iran. 2011. 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Comparing the effect of wearing insoles on some motor-physical factors, lower extremity performance and stability in male adolescents with structural flat foot

[1] Johnson F, Leitl S, Waugh W. “The distribution of load across the knee. A comparison of static and dynamic measurements”. The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. British volume. 1980 Aug; 62(3): 346-9. doi: 10.1002/jor.1100180107

[2] Kaufman KR, Brodine SK, Shaffer RA, Johnson CW, Cullison TR. “The effect of foot structure and range of motion on musculoskeletal overuse injuries”. The American Journal of Sports Medicine. 1999 Sep; 27(5): 585-93. doi: 10.1177/03635465990270050701PMID: 10496574.

[3] Menz HB, Lord SR. “Gait instability in older people with hallux valgus”. Foot & Ankle International. 2005 Jun; 26(6): 483-9. doi: 10.1177/107110070502600610.

[4] Pauk J, Ezerskiy V, Raso JV, Rogalski M. “Epidemiologic factors affecting plantar arch development in children with flat feet”. Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association. 2012 Mar; 102(2): 114-21. doi: 10.32598/irj.19.1.1056.1

[6] Prentice WE, Arnheim D. Principles of athletic training: A competency-based approach. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2011.

[7] Baccarin S. “Optimal impulse control for a multidimensional cash management system with generalized cost functions”. European Journal of Operational Research. 2009; 196(1):198-206. doi: 10.1016/j.ejor.2008.02.040.

[8] Bohannon RW. “Comfortable and maximum walking speed of adults aged 20-79 years: reference values and determinants”. Age and Ageing. 1997; 26(1): 15-9. doi: 10.1093/ageing/26.1.15. PMID: 9143432.

[9] Shih YF, Chen CY, Chen WY, Lin HC. “Lower extremity kinematics in children with and without flexible flatfoot: a comparative study”. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders. 2012 Dec; 13(1): 1-9. doi: 10.1186/1471-2474-13-31. PMID: 22381254 PMCID: PMC3359242.

[10] Lin CJ, Lai KA, Kuan TS, Chou YL. “Correlating factors and clinical significance of flexible flatfoot in preschool children”. Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics. 2001 May; 21(3): 378-82. PMID: 11371824.

[11] Levy JC, Mizel MS, Wilson LS, Fox W, McHale K, Taylor DC, Temple HT. “Incidence of foot and ankle injuries in West Point cadets with pes planus compared to the general cadet population”. Foot & Ankle International. 2006 Dec; 27(12): 1060-4. doi: 10.1177/107110070602701211. PMID: 17207433.

[12] Kaya D, Atay OA, Callaghan MJ, Cil A, Çağlar O, Citaker S, Yuksel I, Doral MN. “Hallux valgus in patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome”. Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy. 2009; 17: 1364-7. doi: 10.1007/s00167-009-0775-3. PMID: 19308355.

[13] Huang YP, Kim K, Song CY, Chen YH, Peng HT. “How arch support insoles help persons with flatfoot on uphill and downhill walking”. Journal of Healthcare Engineering. 2017; 9342789. doi: 10.1155/2017/9342789.

[14] Okely AD, Booth ML, Chey T. “Relationships between body composition and fundamental movement skills among children and adolescents”. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport. 2004 Sep 1;75(3):238-47. doi: 10.1080/02701367.2004.10609157. PMID: 15487288.

[15] Kakavand M, Smith N. “The Effect of Non-prescription Orthotics on Walking Gait in Participants with Excessive Pronation”. Int J Sport Stud Hlth. 2022; 5(2): e131801. https://doi.org/10.5812/intjssh-131801.

[16] Farmani F, Sadeghi M, Saeedi H, Kamali M. “The effect of foot orthoses on energy consumption in runners with flat foot”. Indian J Physiol Occup Ther. 2011 Jan; 5(1): 60-2.

[17] Hsieh RL, Peng HL, Lee WC. “Short-term effects of customized arch support insoles on symptomatic flexible flatfoot in children: A randomized controlled trial”. Medicine. 2018; 97(20): e10655. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000010655. PMID: 29768332. PMCID: PMC5976302.

[19] Chen YC, Lou SZ, Huang CY, Su FC. “Effects of foot orthoses on gait patterns of flat feet patients”. Clinical Biomechanics. 2010 Mar; 25(3): 265-70. doi: 10.1186/s13047-021-00499-z.

[21] Neely FG. “Biomechanical risk factors for exercise-related lower limb injuries”. Sports Medicine. 1998; 26:395-413. doi: 10.2165/00007256-199826060-00003. PMID: 9885096.

[22] Balakrishnan R, Jacob S, Nair D. “To study the effectiveness of corrective exercises and insole placement on flatfoot in overweight individuals”. International Journal of Physical Education, Sports and Health. 2015 Jan; 2: 184-8.

[24] O’Leary K, Vorpahl KA, Heiderscheit B. “Effect of cushioned insoles on impact forces during running”. Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association. 2008; 98(1): 36-41. doi: 10.7547/0980036. PMID: 18202332.

[25] Karimi MT, Fereshtehnejad N, Pool F. “The impact of foot insole on the energy consumption of flat-footed individuals during walking”. Foot & Ankle Specialist. 2013; 6(1): 21-6. doi: 10.1177/1938640012457676. PMID: 22956661.

[26] Karimi MT, Fereshtenejad N, Pol F. “The impact of foot insole on the energy consumption of flat foot subjects during walking”. Journal of Research in Rehabilitation Sciences. 2012; 6(1): 21-6. doi: 10.22122/jrrs.v7i5.254.

[27] Nawoczenski DA, Cook TM, Saltzman CL. “The effect of foot orthotics on three-dimensional kinematics of the leg and rearfoot during running”. Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy. 1995; 21(6): 317-27. doi: 10.2519/jospt.1995.21.6.317. PMID: 7655475.

[28] Crago D, Bishop C, Arnold JB. “The effect of foot orthoses and insoles on running economy and performance in distance runners: A systematic review and meta-analysis”. Journal of Sports Sciences. 2019; 37(22): 2613-24. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2019.1651582. PMID: 31423908.

[29] Nikkhouamiri F, Akochakian M, Shirzad Araghi E, Hosein nejad SE. “Effect of a Course of Selected Corrective Exercises on Balance and Function of Female Adolescents with Flexible Flatfoot”. IJMPP. 2019; 4(2). doi:170-179. 10.52547/ijmpp.4.2.170.

[30] Shin JY, Ryu YU, Yi CW. “Effects of insoles contact on static balance”. Journal of Physical Therapy Science. 2016; 28(4): 1241-4. PMCID: PMC4868220. PMID: 27190460. doi: 10.1589/jpts.28.1241.

[31] Samimi H, Anbarian M, Abdolmaleki M. "Study of the immediate effect of support arch on foot pressure center movements in the elderly". Sixth National Conference of Physical Education and Sports Science Students in Iran. 2011.

[32] Aboutorabi A, Zarezadeh F, Saeedi H, Maleki M, Fardipour S. “Effect of orthopedic shoe and functional foot orthosis on static equilibrium in flexible flat foot juvenile”. Journal of Rehabilitation. 2014; 15(3): 10-7.