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ارزیابی اثرآنتاگونیستی چند جدایه از باکتری‌های جنس Bacillus بر کنترل بیماری پوسیدگی طوقه و ریشه گندم با عامل Fusarium pseudograminearum | ||
| کنترل بیولوژیک آفات و بیماری های گیاهی | ||
| دوره 9، شماره 2، بهمن 1399، صفحه 115-126 اصل مقاله (631.14 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jbioc.2021.326484.307 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| محسن ساسانی1؛ مسعود احمدزاده* 2 | ||
| 1گروه گیاه پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران | ||
| 2گیاه پزشکی | ||
| چکیده | ||
| گندم یکی از مهمترین محصولات کشاورزی در ایران است که نقش مهمی درتامین امنیت غذایی کشور دارد، بیماری پوسیدگی طوقه و ریشه گندم با عامل F. pseudograminearum ، از مهمترین بیمارگرهای گندم است که هر ساله موجب ایجاد خسارت‌های اقتصادی می‌شود، در این مطالعه 80 جدایه باکتری جنس باسیلوس از ریزوسفر مزارع گندم شهرستان‌های استان همدان؛ جداسازی شد، در آزمون کشت متقابل به ترتیب جدایه‌های UTB 3 و UTB 11 و UTB 22 و UTB 4 و UTB 7 با 60، 55، 37.5، 22.5 و 20 درصد بیشترین توانایی را در ممانعت از رشد قارچ F. pseudograminearum نشان دادند، در آزمون تاثیر متابولیت‌های فرّار نیز UTB 3 و UTB 7 و UTB 11 به‌ترتیب با 54، 52 و 49 درصد بیشترین درصد بازداری از رشد قارچ را نشان دادند. این جدایه‌ها همچنین توانایی تثبیت نیتروژن، تولید سیدروفور و آنزیم‌های خارج سلولی موثر در کنترل بیولوژیک (پروتئاز، لیپاز و کیتیناز) را داشتند، اما هیچکدام از جدایه‌ها قادر به تولیدآنزیم فسفاتاز نبودند. بررسی‌های گلخانه‌ای که به‌صورت تیمار بذور گندم با جدایه-های برتر انجام شد نشان داد که جدایه UTB 3 توانست بیماری پوسیدگی طوقه و ریشه گندم را به میزان 80.33 درصد در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد کنترل کند، همچنین این جدایه توانست موجب افزایش شاخص‌های رشدی گندم (طول ساقه و وزن خشک ریشه)، در حضور و عدم حضور قارچ بیمارگر گردد. لذا این جدایه به عنوان جدایه برتر جهت کنترل بیماری پوسیدگی طوقه و ریشه و افزایش شاخص‌های رشدی گندم معرفی می‌گردد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| باکتری؛ کنترل بیماری؛ تحریک رشد | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Evaluation of antagonistic effect of several strain of Bacillus bacteria on control of crown and root rot of wheat with Fusarium pseudograminearum | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| mohsen sasani1؛ Masud Ahmadzadeh2 | ||
| 1Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Campus of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran | ||
| 2plant protection | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Wheat is one of the most important agricultural products in Iran, that plays an important role in ensuring food security. Crown and root rot disease by F. pseudograminearum is one of the most important pathogens that cause economic damages every year. In this study, 80 isolates of Bacillus were isolated from wheat rhizosphere. In dual-culture test, UTB 3, UTB 11, UTB 22, UTB 4 and UTB 7 isolates with 60, 55, 37.5, 22.5 and 20% maximum ability, respectively. In effect test of volatile metabolites on inhibination the growth of F. pseudograminearum, UTB 3, UTB 7 and UTB 11 with 54, 52 and 49% showed the highest percentage of inhibition of fungal growth. These isolates were also capable of nitrogen fixation, production of siderophore and extracellular enzymes involved in biological control (protease, lipase and chitinase), but none of the isolates were able to produce phosphatase enzyme. Greenhouse studies by treating wheat seeds with selected isolates showed that UTB 3 was able to control crown and root rot of wheat by 80.33% compared to the control treatment. Also, this isolate could increase the growth indices of wheat (stem length and root dry weight) in the presence and absence of pathogenic fungi. Therefore, this isolate is introduced as the selected isolate to control crown and root rot disease and increase wheat growth indices. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Bacteria, Disease control, Growth promotion | ||
| مراجع | ||
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