پیوندهای مفید
اخبار و اعلانات
آمار
| تعداد نشریات | 158 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 6,225 |
| تعداد مقالات | 67,685 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 115,001,441 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 89,679,998 |
Colonial roots of the eight-year imposed war against Iran "Behavior and practice of Persian Gulf sheikhdoms" | ||
| Contemporary Researches on Islamic Revolution | ||
| مقاله 1، دوره 3، شماره 9، آذر 2021، صفحه 1-22 اصل مقاله (274.62 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: Science - Research | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 20.1001.1.26767368.2021.3.9.1.5 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| Salman Ghasemian* 1؛ Mahmood Arab Ismaeili2؛ Hassan Ashtari3 | ||
| 1Assistant Professor of History, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, IRAN. | ||
| 2Ph.D. in the History of Contemporary Iran, Department of History, Payame Noor University, Tehran, IRAN. | ||
| 3Ph.D. in Futurology, Department of Management, Postgraduate and Doctoral Studies Center, University of Tehran, Tehran, IRAN. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| The study of the role of some Western-affiliated factors, especially the colonial identities in the Persian Gulf in the imposed war against Iran, based on the occurrence and continuation of this war reflects the inadequacies of British colonial heritage in the periphery of Iran. The slogan of independence from the East and the West and the reaction of the sheiks of the Persian Gulf region showed the extent of their reliance on supra-regional powers. This is the basis of the behavior of some of Iran's neighbors towards the slogans of independence and freedom of the Islamic Revolution. Therefore, the behavior and performance of the sheikhdoms of the Persian Gulf during the imposed war indicated their connection with Western colonialism. This article seeks to answer the basic question of the role of the colonial identity of the Persian Gulf sheikhdoms in their behavior and action in the face of war by examining historical documents and based on the method of library studies and analytical methods and by explaining the historical identity of the Persian Gulf sheikhdoms. Has it been imposed on Iran for eight years? The results of this study indicate that the requirements of historical and political identity have played a decisive role in the degree of support or opposition of this sheikhdom to independent currents based on indigenous and Islamic identity and this is the basis for their efforts to strike. Hitting the interests of Iranian revolutionaries in the form of imposed war. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| The imposed war؛ Iran؛ colonization؛ Persian Gulf sheikhdoms | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| ریشه‌های استعماری جنگ تحمیلی هشت ساله علیه ایران «رفتار و عملکرد شیخ نشین‌های خلیج فارس» | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| سلمان قاسمیان1؛ محمود عرب اسماعیلی2؛ حسن اشتری3 | ||
| 1استادیار گروه تاریخ دانشگاه بین المللی امام خمینی، قزوین، ایران. | ||
| 2دکترای تاریخ معاصر ایران، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران. | ||
| 3دکترای آینده پژوهی ، گروه مدیریت ،دانشگاه تهران ،تهران، ایران. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| بررسی نقش برخی عوامل وابسته به غرب در جنگ تحمیلی و به خصوص نقش و جایگاه هویت‌های استعماری حوزه خلیج فارس در بروز و تداوم این جنگ، بازگو کننده نارسایی‌های ناشی از میراث استعماری انگلستان در حوزه پیرامونی ایران است. شعار استقلال از شرق و غرب و واکنش شیوخ منطقه خلیج فارس نشان دهنده میزان اتکای آنها به قدرت‌های فرامنطقه‌ای بود. بسترهای شکل‌گیری این هویت‌های استعماری به دوران ضعف قدرت‌های محوری جهان اسلام در سده 13ق/19م. باز می‌گردد و از این رو، لزوما تداوم حیات این شیخ‌نشین‌ها که بر اساس شرایط ضعف جهان اسلام شکل گرفته اند، به تداوم همان شرایط بستگی دارد. این مبنای رفتارشناسی برخی همسایگان ایران در قبال شعارهای استقلال و آزادی انقلاب اسلامی است. از این رو، رفتار و عملکرد شیخ‌نشین‌های خلیج فارس در طول جنگ تحمیلی گویای پیوند آنها با استعمار غربی بود. این مقاله با بررسی اسناد تاریخی و بر اساس مطالعات کتابخانه‌ای و روش تحلیلی به دنبال پاسخ به این پرسش اساسی است که هویت استعماری شیخ‌نشین‌های خلیج فارس چه نقشی در رفتار و کنش آنها در قبال جنگ تحمیلی داشته است؟ به هر رو، مقتضیات ناشی از شرایط استعماری که ریشه در قرارداد 1235ق/1820م. و مکمل‌های آن و در ادامه شکل‌گیری شیخ‌نشین‌های وابسته، از جمله کویت در مسیر ارتباط عراق با خلیج فارس، و همزمان وابستگی اقتصادی و سیاسی شیخ‌نشین‌ها به دول غرب نقش تعیین‌کننده‌ای در سیاست آنان در قبال جنگ تحمیلی داشته است. این شرایط استعماری سبب شد این شیخ‌نشین‌ها با حمایت مستقیم و غیر مستقیم از صدام حسین عملاً به گسترش دامنه جنگ و ناامنی در منطقه خلیج فارس بپردازند. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| جنگ تحمیلی, ایران, استعمار, شیخ نشین های خلیج فارس | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Al-Khalij, 1/16/1982 AD/1361/10/26 SH.
Archive of the Center for War Studies and Research, File No. 532, Document No. 16052 (6/30/1982 AD/1361/4/10 SH); Document No. 066478 (1984/7/3 AD/ 1363/4/12 SH).
Asadi Tumar Aghaj, H. (2008 AD/1387 SH). Khorramshahr Liberation Gulf 598. Under the guidance of Dr. Muhammad Baqer Vosoughi. Tehran: University of Tehran.
Asadian, A. (2002 AD/1381 SH). US Security Policy in the Persian Gulf. Tehran: Institute of Strategic Studies.
Bashiri, A.; Hashemi Rafsanjani,A. (2003 AD/1383 SH). Records and Memoirs of 1979 AD/1357 SH and 1980/AD 1358 SH (Revolution and Victory). Tehran: Maaref-e-Enghelaab Publishing Office.
Borono, R. (1985 AD/1364 SH). Oil, Politics and the United States in the Middle East. (Rabiezadeh, M. Trans). Tehran: Heydari.
Brzezinski, Z. (1983 AD/1362 SH). Secrets of the Shah's fall and Hostage-taking. (Ahmadi, H. Trans). Tehran: Naraghi.
Brzezinski, Z. (2000 AD/1379 SH). Power and Principles. (Saqian, M. Trans). Tehran: Office of International Political Studies.
Buye, C. (2011 AD/1390 SH). "Geopolitics and War Strategy of Iraq." Negin Iran Magazine. Vol. 10, no. 37, pp. 35-56.
Chomsky, N. (2016 AD/1395 SH). Deterrent Democracy. (Gholami, M. Trans). Tehran: Ettelaa’t.
Cordesman, A; Wagner, A, (1994 AD/1373 SH). Lessons from Modern Warfare. (Yekta, H. Trans). Tehran: IRGC Center for Strategic Studies and Research.
Cordesman, A. H. (2003 AD/1382 SH). The Iraq War: Strategy, Tactics, and Military Lessons. Westport: Center of Strategic and International Studies.
Droudian, M. (1997 AD/1376 SH). A Journey into War (Beginning to End). Tehran: IRGC War Studies and Research Center
Ebrahimifar, T. (1999 AD/1378 SH). "Investigating the Causes of Divergence in the Persian Gulf region." Foreign Policy. Vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 379-396.
Elahi, H. (1986 AD/1365 SH). The Strategic Importance of Iran in World War II. Tehran: University Publishing Center.
Foreign Ministry Document Publishing Unit (1989 AD/1368 SH). Selection of Iran-Iraq Border Documents. Tehran: Office of Political Studies, Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
Freulich, J. S. and Levy, M. (2011 AD/1390 SH). The Causes of the Iraq-Iran War. (Nemati, Y. Trans). Tehran: Ettelaa’t Newspaper, no. 27895.
Gcc Foreign Ministers (6/1/1982 AD/1361/3/16). Meet in Riyadh 30-31 May, Daily Report. Middle East & Africa [Microform] / FBIS, V. 82-105.
Ghasemian, S. (2009 AD/1388 SH). Threat to British interests and Lord Karzen's trip to the Persian Gulf. A Collection of Lectures and Articles on Iran and British Colonialism. Tehran: Political Studies and Research.
Ghasemian, S. (2011 AD/1390 SH). "A Critique of the Historical Issues of the Book: Al-Jazaer Al-Thalath Al-Mohtallah Li-Dawlah Al-Imarat Al-Arabiyyah Al-Muttahidah.” Persian Gulf Research Journal (First and second Book).Tehran: Khane-Ketaab, pp. 480-516.
Ghasemian, S. (2020 AD/1399 SH). Persian Gulf Sheikhdoms and Historical Identity. Qom: the Center for Book Publishing.
Ghasemian. S. (2008 AD/1387 SH). Grounds for concluding the 1820 contract and its results. Proceedings of the Persian Gulf Conference. Tehran: University of Tehran.
Halliday, F. (1981 AD/1360 SH). Saudi Arabia Without Sultans. (Afrasiabi, B. Trans). Tehran: Roozbehan.
Holy Defense Documentation Center of the General Staff of the IRGC. Document No. 40052 and 40053: Dating 1980/1/5 and 6 AD/ 1358/10/15 and 16 SH.
Imami, M. (1994 AD/1372 SH). Review of the Persian Gulf Security Plans. Proceedings of the Third Seminar on Persian Gulf Issues. Tehran: Forign Office, Office of Political and International Studies.
Islami, M. (1991 AD/1369 SH). Finding the Roots of Kuwait's Positions and Performance in the Iraq-Iran War. Tehran: Hamrah Publications.
Islamic Republic News Agency, (8/30/1987 AD/ 1366/6/8 SH). "Special Reports." no. 163, Tehran.
Jafari Valdani, A. (1990 AD/1368 SH). Historical Study of Iran-Iraq Border Disputes. Tehran: Office of Political and International Studies.
Jafari Valdani, A. (1993 AD/1371 SH). Crisis Center in the Persian Gulf. Second Edition. Tehran: Kayhan Publications.
Kadivar, J. (1995 AD/1373 SH). America and Facing the Islamic Revolution. Tehran: Ettelaa’t.
Kayhan newspaper, 12/27/1982 AD/ 1361/10/6 SH.
Khomeini, R. (1990 AD/1368 SH). Sahifa Noor. Tehran: Ministry of Islamic Guidance.
Kuzichkin, V. (1997 AD/1376 SH). K. G. B. In Iran, Myth from Reality. (Zand, I; Abutorabian, H. Trans). Tehran: Hekmat.
Kurdzman, A; Wagner A. A. (1994 AD/1373 SH). Lessons from Modern Warfare. (Yekta, H. Trans). Tehran: IRGC Center for Strategic Studies and Research.
Mahdavi, A. (1997 AD/1376 SH). Iran's Foreign Policy during the Pahlavi Era. Tehran: Markaz Publishing.
Mojtahedzadeh, P. (2002 AD/1381 SH). Countries and Borders in the Persian Gulf Geopolitical Region. (Malek Mohammadi Nouri, H. Trans). Tehran: The Office of Political and International Studies.
Mousavi, S. M. (2004 AD/1383 SH). "Study of Kuwait's Position and Performance in the Face of the Iran-Iraq War." Negin Iran, Vol. 2, no. 8, pp. 75-92.
Naimi Arfa, B. (1991 AD/1370 SH). Behavior Principles of the Persian Gulf Cooperation Council towards Iran. Tehran: Office of Political and International Studies.
Olivia, V. (1987 AD/1366 SH). Persian Gulf Storm. (Mobasheri, A; Moayedi, M. Trans). Tehran: Ettelaa’t.
Parsa Doust, M. (1990 AD/1369 SH). Iraq's Role in Starting the Imposed War against Iran. Tehran: Enteshar Company.
Roshandel, J.; Seifzadeh S. H. (2003 AD/1382 SH). Structural Conflicts in the Persian Gulf Region. Tehran: Scientific Research and Strategic Studies of the Middle East center.
Rubin, B. (1984 AD/1363 SH). The War of Powers in Iran. (Mahmoud Sharafi). Tehran: Ashtiani Publications.
Schofield, R. (1997 AD/1376 SH). Border Disputes in the Gulf: Past, Present, and Future, The Persian Gulf at the Millennium. Essays in Politics, Economy, Security, and Religion .London: St Martin’s. pp. 127-165.
Seifzadeh. S. H. (2000 AD/1379 SH). Crisis Centers in the Persian Gulf. Tehran: Middle East Studies Center.
Sohrabi Ismail (1990 AD/1369 SH). America's Strategic Interests and Goals in the Persian Gulf, Persian Gulf Collection of Articles. Tehran: Office of Political and International Studies.
Thani Nejad, G. (1994 AD/1373 SH). "Rooting out the Iraqi invasion of Iran." Quarterly Journal of Military Studies. Vol. 4, no. 14, pp. 209-217.
Tirman, K. (1994 AD/1373 SH). Death Merchandise (The Untold Stories of the Iraq-Iran War). (Tadayon, A. Trans.). Tehran: Rasa Publishing.
Vosoughi, M. (2005 AD/1384 SH). History of the Persian Gulf and Neighboring Countries. Tehran: Samat.
Yazdanfam, M; Jamshidi M. (2002 AD/1381 SH). Iran-Iraq War Diary, Recent Efforts in the South, Consequences of Operation Karbala 5 in the Region and the World. Tehran: IRGC War Studies and Research Center.
Zakeri Marvast, G. (2008 AD/1387 SH). Iraq Invasion of Kuwait. Under the Guidance of Dr. Zarifian. Tehran: University of Tehran. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 322 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 292 |
||