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بررسی رابطۀ بین دسترسی مالی با توانمندسازی اقتصادی زنان در کشورهای خاورمیانه | ||
| زن در توسعه و سیاست | ||
| مقاله 2، دوره 20، شماره 2، تیر 1401، صفحه 182-165 اصل مقاله (915.91 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jwdp.2022.334293.1008116 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| صابر کلهری* 1؛ فرشاد محمدیان2 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکتری گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد | ||
| 2استادیار گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشگاه سید‌جمال‌الدین اسدآبادی، اسدآباد، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| توانمندسازی اقتصادی زنان با حقوق بشر و عدالت اجتماعی مرتبط بوده و برای توسعه انسانی بسیار مهم است. برنامه توسعه سازمان ملل متحد نشان داده است که توانمندسازی اقتصادی زنان نقش مهمی در از بین بردن تبعیض جنسیت و توسعه پایدار دارد همچنین افزایش توانمندی اقتصادی زنان از طریق دسترسی و کنترل منابع ارزشمند ، تأثیرات مثبتی بر رفاه زنان و نسل آینده دارد و از این رو ، توانمندسازی اقتصادی زنان به سرمایه انسانی و قابلیت های انسانی نیز کمک می کند. مطالعه حاضر باهدف تأثیر دسترسی مالی بر میزان توانمند سازی اقتصادی زنان در کشورهای خاورمیانه با استفاده از داده های تابلویی طی سال های 2004 الی 2018 و روش گشتاور های تعمیم یافته (GMM) انجام گرفت. نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که توانمند سازی اقتصادی با بهبود دسترسی مالی افزایش می یابد به گونه ای که با افزایش 1 درصدی در تعداد شعب بانک های تجاری میزان توانمند سازی اقتصادی به اندازه 37/0 درصد افزایش می یابد همچنین متغیرهای امید به زندگی، تحصیلات و هزینه های زندگی رابطه مثبت و معنادار و متغیر تولید ناخالص داخلی سرانه رابطه معنادار و منفی با توانمند سازی اقتصادی دارند لذا پیشنهاد می شود که دولت‌ها، سازمان‌ها و افراد سیاستگزار تدابیری را در جهت تسهیل و بهبود و افزایش اهدای وام های خود اشتغالی برای زنان در جهت فعال سازی آن ها در جامعه و بازار کار بیندیشند همچنین با ارائه برنامه هایی در جهت افزایش سطح سواد و دانش زنان جامعه و با اجرای طرح ها و برنامه های توسعه ای و در مجموع با ارائه خدمات جامع در جهت افزایش سلامت و طول عمر زنان، توانمندی اقتصادی زنان را بهبود بخشند. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| توانمندسازی اقتصادی؛ دسترسی مالی؛ زنان؛ گشتاورهای تعمیم‌یافته؛ خاورمیانه | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Investigating the Relationship between Financial Access and Women's Economic Empowerment in Middle Eastern Countries | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| saber kalhori1؛ farshad mohammadian2 | ||
| 1PhD student, Department of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad | ||
| 2Assistant Professor of Agricultural Economics, Sayyed Jamaleddin Asadabadi University, Asadabad, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Women's economic empowerment is related to human rights and social justice and is very important for human development. The United Nations Development Program (UNDP) has shown that women's economic empowerment plays an important role in eliminating gender discrimination and sustainable development. Also, increasing women's economic empowerment through access to and control of valuable resources has positive effects on the well-being of women and the next generation, and therefore, women's economic empowerment also contributes to human capital and human capabilities. The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of financial access on women's economic empowerment in Middle Eastern countries using generalize method of moments (GMM) panel data from 2004 to 2018. The results showed that economic empowerment increases with improving financial access, so that with a 1% increase in the number of commercial banks branches, economic empowerment increases by 0.37%. Also, the variables of life expectancy, education and cost of living have a positive and significant relationship and the variable of GDP per capita has a significant and negative relationship with economic empowerment. Therefore, it is suggested that governments, organizations and policy makers consider measures to facilitate, improve and increase the granting of self-employment loans to women in order to activate them in society and the labor market. Also, by providing programs to increase the level of education of women in society and by implementing development plans and programs and in general by providing comprehensive services to increase women's health improves women's economic empowerment. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Economic Empowerment, Financial Access, Women, Generalize method of moments, Middle East | ||
| مراجع | ||
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