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کانیشناسی خاکهای درجا توسعه یافته از هوازدگی بازالت در یک ردیف اقلیمی خشک-نیمهخشک-نیمهمرطوب البرز میانی | ||
تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران | ||
دوره 52، شماره 11، بهمن 1400، صفحه 2815-2828 اصل مقاله (1.99 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijswr.2021.331623.669088 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
علیرضا راهب* 1؛ احمد حیدری2 | ||
1استادیار گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک دانشکده مهندسی و فناوری کشاورزی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران-کرج | ||
2استاد گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک دانشکده مهندسی و فناوری کشاورزی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران-کرج | ||
چکیده | ||
بازالتها از جمله سنگهای آذرین حاوی کانیهای حساس به هوازدگی هستند که محصولات هوازدگی آنها بهصورت کانیهای ثانویه و مواد محلول مختلف در آمده و خصوصیات کانیشناسی ویژهای ایجاد میکنند که به ندرت در سایر خاکها یافت میشوند. کانیهای رسی بخش مهمی از سیستم خاک را تشکیل میدهند و در حاصلخیزی، مدیریت و بهره وری پایدار خاک نقش دارند. هدف از این مطالعه بررسی تشکیل کانیهای رسی در خاکهای درجا تشکیل یافته از بازالت در سه اقلیم مختلف است. در این تحقیق ویژگیهای فیزیکی و شیمیایی خاکهای تشکیل شده بر روی سنگ مادر بازالت در 24 خاکرخ در یک ردیف اقلیمی در سه منطقه خشک، نیمهخشک و نیمه مرطوب البرز میانی مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت و سپس خصوصیات کانی شناسی در شش خاکرخ مطالعه شد. تحلیل پراشنگاشتهای اشعه X نشان داد که در خاکهای مناطق خشک ایلایت و در مناطق نیمهخشک و نیمهمرطوب اسمکتایت کانیهای غالب هستند. فرایندهای نوتشکیلی (رسوب از محلول) و تغییر شکل کانیها (به ویژه ایلایت) در تشکیل اسمکتایت خاکساخت در مناطق نیمهخشک و نیمهمرطوب نقش دارند. در خصوص ایلایت نیز، شواهد گویای منشا پدوژنیک آن در خاکهای مورد مطالعه میباشد. منشا ورمیکولایت در سه منطقه مورد مطالعه نیز تحت تاثیر هوادیدگی میکا و کلرایت بوده است. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
اسمکتایت؛ پراش نگاشت اشعه ایکس؛ خاکرخ؛ سنگهای آذرین | ||
عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
Mineralogy of In Situ Soils Developed from Basalt Weathering in an Arid-Semiarid-Semihumid Climosequence of Middle Alborz | ||
نویسندگان [English] | ||
Alireza Raheb1؛ Ahmad Heidari2 | ||
1Assistant Professor, soil science department, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran | ||
2(Professor, soil science department Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran) | ||
چکیده [English] | ||
Basalt is among igneous rocks that contains susceptible minerals to weathering minerals, and their weathering products are deposited as secondary minerals and different cations in the soil. Soils derived from basalt bedrock have many distinctive properties that are rarely found in other soils. Clay minerals constitute an important component of the soil system, and knowledge of their role in soil fertility is imperative for sustainable soil management and productivity. Therefore, the objective of the current study was to evaluate clay minerals formation of in situ soil derived from basalt in three different climate conditions. In the present study, physicochemical properties of 24 soil profiles, which formed on basalt rocks, were investigated in the arid, semi-arid, and semi-humid regions of middle Alborz and also mineralogical properties were studied in 6 profiles. X-ray diffraction analysis indicated that illite and smectite were the dominant minerals in the arid and semi-arid soils, respectively. Results revealed that the neosynthesis mechanism and deformation process of other minerals (especially illite) confirm the pedogenic formation of smectite soils in semi-arid regions. Evidence suggested that the illite in the studied soils had a pedogenic origin. Also, the vermiculite origin was to affected by the weathering of mica and chlorite within the three study areas. | ||
کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
Smectite, X-ray diffraction, Pedon, Igneous rocks | ||
مراجع | ||
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