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بنی هاشمیان, سیده هاجر, افتخاری, علی, نصیری, مرتضی, موسوی میرکلایی, سید امیرعباس. (1400). بررسی اثر بیوچار و منابع مختلف نیتروژن بر ویژگی‌های رشد و عملکرد گیاه برنج (Oryza sativa L.). , 52(12), 3059-3072. doi: 10.22059/ijswr.2022.328549.669047
سیده هاجر بنی هاشمیان; علی افتخاری; مرتضی نصیری; سید امیرعباس موسوی میرکلایی. "بررسی اثر بیوچار و منابع مختلف نیتروژن بر ویژگی‌های رشد و عملکرد گیاه برنج (Oryza sativa L.)". , 52, 12, 1400, 3059-3072. doi: 10.22059/ijswr.2022.328549.669047
بنی هاشمیان, سیده هاجر, افتخاری, علی, نصیری, مرتضی, موسوی میرکلایی, سید امیرعباس. (1400). 'بررسی اثر بیوچار و منابع مختلف نیتروژن بر ویژگی‌های رشد و عملکرد گیاه برنج (Oryza sativa L.)', , 52(12), pp. 3059-3072. doi: 10.22059/ijswr.2022.328549.669047
بنی هاشمیان, سیده هاجر, افتخاری, علی, نصیری, مرتضی, موسوی میرکلایی, سید امیرعباس. بررسی اثر بیوچار و منابع مختلف نیتروژن بر ویژگی‌های رشد و عملکرد گیاه برنج (Oryza sativa L.). , 1400; 52(12): 3059-3072. doi: 10.22059/ijswr.2022.328549.669047

بررسی اثر بیوچار و منابع مختلف نیتروژن بر ویژگی‌های رشد و عملکرد گیاه برنج (Oryza sativa L.)

تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران
دوره 52، شماره 12، اسفند 1400، صفحه 3059-3072    اصل مقاله (1.12 M)
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijswr.2022.328549.669047
نویسندگان
سیده هاجر بنی هاشمیان1؛ علی افتخاری2؛ مرتضی نصیری* 3؛ سید امیرعباس موسوی میرکلایی4
1دانشجوی دکتری اگروتکنولوژی (فیزیولوژی گیاهی)، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ‏واحد چالوس، مازندران، ایران.
2استادیار و عضو هیئت علمی گروه کشاورزی،‏ دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ‏واحد چالوس، مازندران، ایران.
3.استادیار، بخش تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه بذر، مؤسسه تحقیقات برنج کشور، معاونت مازندران، سازمان تحقیقات،آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی،آمل، ایران
4استادیار،گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، واحد چالوس، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی،چالوس، ایران
چکیده
این پژوهش به منظور بررسی اثر بیوچار و منابع نیتروژن بر صفات زراعی و نیتروژن خاک و گیاه در برنج رقم تیسا و در قالب دو آزمایش مزرعه‌ای و گلخانه‌ای در ایستگاه تحقیقات برنج تنکابن اجرا شد. طرح آماری مورد استفاده، به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی و شامل سه تکرار بود. تیمارهای مورد آزمایش شامل بیوچار در سه سطح (صفر،‏ 20 و 40 تن در هکتار) و منابع نیتروژن در سه سطح (صفر، کود شیمیایی نیتروژن به مقدار 200 کیلوگرم در هکتار و تلقیح بذر با باکتری‏های تثبیت‏کننده نیتروژن (آزوسپیریلوم، ازتوباکتر و سودوموناس) بود. نتایج آزمایش مزرعه‌ای نشان داد که در بین منابع مختلف نیتروژن، کاربرد کود شیمیایی نیتروژن منجر به افزایش معنی­دار برخی از اجزای عملکرد، عملکرد دانه و غلظت نیتروژن در گیاه گردید، به طوری که تعداد پنجه بارور در کپه، عملکرد دانه و غلظت نیتروژن در دانه و کاه به­ترتیب حدود 4/20، 6/33، 8/17 و 7/24 درصد در مقایسه با عدم مصرف نیتروژن افزایش یافت و اثر متقابل تیمارها (کود شیمیایی نیتروژن ×20 تن در هکتار بیوچار، کود شیمیایی نیتروژن ×40 تن در هکتار بیوچار، کاربرد باکتری ×20 تن در هکتار بیوچار، کاربرد باکتری ×40 تن در هکتار بیوچار) در میزان نیتروژن کاه معنی‏دار شد. در شرایط گلخانه بیشترین عملکرد دانه (17/90 گرم) در تیمار کاربرد کود شیمیایی نیتروژن ×40 تن در هکتار بیوچار و بیشترین غلظت نیتروژن دانه (64/0 میلی­گرم بر کیلوگرم) در تیمار کاربرد باکتری ×40 تن در هکتار بیوچار مشاهد شد. با توجه به نتایج این تحقیق، کاربرد کود شیمیایی نیتروژن در مقدار 200 کیلوگرم در هکتار برای دستیابی به حداکثر عملکرد دانه برنج و همچنین استفاده از بیوچار در مقادیر 20 و 40 تن در هکتار جهت بهبود حاصلخیزی خاک مناسب ارزیابی گردید.
کلیدواژه‌ها
باکتری‌های محرک رشد؛ بیوچار؛ عملکرد؛ غلظت نیتروژن گیاه
عنوان مقاله [English]
Investigation of the Effect of Biochar and Different Sources of Nitrogen on the Growth Characteristics of Rice (Oryza sativa L.)
نویسندگان [English]
seyede hajar banihashemian1؛ ali eftekhari2؛ morteza nasiri3؛ Seyed Amir Abbas Mousavi Mirkalaei4
1PhD student in Agrotechnology (Plant Physiology), Islamic Azad University, Chalous Branch, Mazandaran, Iran.
2Assistant Professor and Faculty Member of agriculture Department, Islamic Azad University, Chalous Branch, Mazandaran, Iran.
3Assistant Professor, Seed and Plant Improvement Research Department, Rice Research Institute of Iran (RRII), Mazandaran Branch, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Amol, Iran.
4AssistantProfessor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Chalous Branch, Islamic Azad University, Chalous, Iran.
چکیده [English]
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of biochar and nitrogen sources on agronomic traits and soil and plant nitrogen in rice Tisa in Tonekabon rice research station. The statistical design used was factorial in the form of randomized complete blocks with three replications. The treated treatments included biochar at three levels (control, 20 and 40 t ha−1) and nitrogen sources at three levels (control, nitrogen fertilizer at 200 kg ha-1 and inoculation of seeds with nitrogen-fixing bacteria (Azospirillum, Aztobacter and Pseudomonas). The results showed that among different nitrogen sources, the application of nitrogen chemical fertilizer led to a significant increase in some yield components, grain yield and nitrogen concentration in the plant, so that the number of fertile tillers per hill, grain yield, and nitrogen concentration in the grain and straw were increased by about 20.4%, 33.6%, 17.8% and 24.7%, respectively, compared to the control or without use of nitrogen.The results showed that in field conditions the interaction of treatments (Nitrogen chemical fertilizer × 20 tha−1 biochar, nitrogen chemical fertilizer × t ha−1 biochar, bacterial application × 20 t ha−1 biochar, bacterial application × 40 t ha−1 biochar) on straw nitrogen was significant. Nitrogen application in field conditions led to a significant increase in plant height, number of fertile tillers per mound, grain yield, biological yield and nitrogen concentration in grain. In greenhouse conditions the highest grain yield (90.71 g) in the interaction application of nitrogen fertilizer With 40 t ha−1 biochar of and the highest concentration of grain nitrogen (0.64 mg kg-1) were observed in bacterial inoculation treatment with 40 t ha−1. According to the results of this study, the application of nitrogen fertilizer in the amount of 200 kg ha-1 to achieve maximum rice grain yield and also the use of biochar in the amount of 20 and 40 t ha−1 to improve soil fertility is recommended.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
Growth- promoting Bacteria, Biochar, Yield, plant nitrogen concentration
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