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اثر زمان برداشت بر ویژگی‌های کمی و کیفی علوفه ارقام گلرنگ در کشت پاییزه | ||
| به زراعی کشاورزی | ||
| مقاله 5، دوره 25، شماره 1، فروردین 1402، صفحه 65-81 اصل مقاله (582.69 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jci.2022.335529.2654 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| حمید جباری* 1؛ فرید گل زردی2؛ فرناز شریعتی3؛ هرمز اسدی4 | ||
| 1نویسنده مسئول، مؤسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران. رایانامه: h.jabbari@areeo.ac.ir | ||
| 2مؤسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران. رایانامه: f.golzardi@areeo.ac.ir | ||
| 3مؤسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران. رایانامه: f.shariati@areeo.ac.ir | ||
| 4مؤسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران. رایانامه: hasadi@areeo.ac.ir | ||
| چکیده | ||
| مطالعه حاضر با هدف بررسی کمی و کیفی علوفه ارقام گلرنگ در سه زمان برداشت علوفه براساس مراحل نموی گیاه به‌صورت آزمایش کرتهای خردشده در زمان در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار طی دو سال زراعی 1398-1397 و 1399-1398 در مؤسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر کرج اجرا شد. عامل اصلی شامل سه رقم گلرنگ (گلدشت، گل‌مهر و پرنیان) بود و سه زمان برداشت علوفه (مراحل رشد سریع ساقه، شاخهدهی و گلدهی) به‌عنوان عامل فرعی در نظر گرفته شدند. اثر سال تنها بر صفات ارتفاع بوته و کربوهیدرات‌های محلول در آب در سطح آماری پنج درصد معنیدار بود. نتایج حاصل نشان داد که اثر متقابل رقم× زمان برداشت بر عملکرد علوفه تر، ارتفاع بوته، کربوهیدرات‌های محلول در آب و الیاف نامحلول در شوینده خنثی در سطح احتمال یک درصد معنیدار بود. بالاترین عملکرد علوفه تر (52103 کیلوگرم در هکتار) با برداشت رقم گل‌مهر در مرحله آغاز گلدهی به‌دست آمد، اما بیش‌ترین عملکرد ماده خشک در ارقام گل‌مهر و پرنیان مشاهده شد. در مرحله شاخهدهی بیش‌ترین عملکرد ماده خشک بهمیزان 11900 کیلوگرم در هکتار حاصل شد و محتوای پروتئین خام در این مرحله 57/14 درصد بود. در مقابل حداکثر محتوای پروتئین خام در مرحله گلدهی و به میزان 22/19 درصد حاصل شد، اما میانگین عملکرد ماده خشک در این مرحله 9937 کیلوگرم در هکتار بود. حداکثر و حداقل ارزش نسبی تغذیهای (3/130 و 3/92 درصد) به‌ترتیب در علوفه ارقام گلدشت و گل‌مهر به ثبت رسید. بر این اساس، از بین ارقام موردبررسی رقم پرنیان و از بین مراحل رشد، برداشت علوفه در مرحله شاخهدهی به‌عنوان تیمار برتر برای دستیابی همزمان به حداکثر عملکرد و کیفیت علوفه گلرنگ معرفی می‌شود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| ارزش نسبی تغذیهای؛ پروتئین خام؛ رقم؛ عملکرد ماده خشک؛ قابلیت هضم علوفه و گلرنگ | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effect of Harvesting Time on Quantitative and Qualitative Characteristics of Safflower Cultivars Forage in Autumn Planting | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Hamid Jabbari1؛ Farid Golzardi2؛ Farnaz Shariati3؛ Hormoz Asadi4 | ||
| 1Corresponding Author, Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran. E-mail: h.jabbari@areeo.ac.ir | ||
| 2Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran. E-mail: f.golzardi@areeo.ac.ir | ||
| 3Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran. E-mail: f.shariati@areeo.ac.ir | ||
| 4Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran. E-mail: hasadi@areeo.ac.ir | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| In order to evaluate the quantity and quality of safflower cultivars forage in three forage harvesting times based on plant phenological stages, the present study has been conducted in a randomized complete block design with split-plot in time arrangements with three replications at the Seed and Plant Improvement Institute (SPII), Karaj, Iran, during 2018-2019 and 2019-2020 cropping seasons. The main factor includes three safflower cultivars (Goldasht, Golmehr, and Parnian), with three forage harvesting time (namely stem elongation, branching, and flowering stages) considered as the sub-factor. The effect of year only on plant height and water-soluble carbohydrates (WSC) has been significant (P≤0.05). The results show that the interaction effect of cultivar × harvesting time on the fresh forage yield, plant height, WSC, and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) has been significant (P≤0.01). The highest fresh forage yield (52103 kg ha-1) is obtained by harvesting the Golmehr cultivar at the beginning of flowering; however, the highest dry matter yield is observed in Golmehr and Parnian cultivars. The highest dry matter yield has been observed in the branching stage (11900 kg ha-1), with the crude protein content in this stage being 14.57%. In contrast, the maximum crude protein content is observed in the flowering stage (19.22%), even though the mean dry matter yield at this stage has been 9937 kg ha-1. The maximum and minimum RFV (130.3% and 92.3%) are recorded in the forage of Goldasht and Golmehr cultivars, respectively. Therefore, among the studied cultivars, Parnian, and among the growth stages, forage harvesting at the branching stage is introduced as the superior treatment to achieve maximum yield and quality of safflower forage. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Crude protein, Cultivar, Dry matter yield, Forage digestibility, Relative feed value, Safflower | ||
| مراجع | ||
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