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مطالعة تطبیقی فورس ماژور و هاردشیپ در قراردادهای سرمایه گذاری نفت و گاز با تأکید بر اسناد بین المللی و منطقه‌ای | ||
| مطالعات حقوق انرژی | ||
| مقاله 2، دوره 7، شماره 2، اسفند 1400، صفحه 229-252 اصل مقاله (321.1 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: علمی پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jrels.2021.311670.401 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| محمدتقی رفیعی* 1؛ عیسی رجبی2 | ||
| 1دانشیار گروه حقوق انرژی و تجارت بین الملل دانشکدة حقوق دانشکدگان فارابی دانشگاه تهران | ||
| 2دانشجوی دکتری حقوق نفت و گاز دانشکدة حقوق دانشکدگان فارابی دانشگاه تهران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| در روند اجرای قراردادهای نفت و گاز که معمولاً جزء طولانی ترین قراردادهای سرمایه گذاری نیز هستند، ممکن است حوادثی رخ بدهد که روابط طرفین و اجرای تعهدات، دچار تغییر و تحول شده و از وضعیت ثبات درآید. برای مقابله با وضعیت جدید که حسب مورد ممکن است مانع از انجام تعهد شده یا اجرای آن را با دشواری روبه رو سازد، نظریه های مختلفی ابراز شده است که ما آن را ذیل عنوان معاذیر قراردادی مورد بررسی قرار داده ایم. معاذیر قراردادی که استثنایی بر اصل لزوم قراردادها نیز شمرده می شوند، در اسناد بین المللی و منطقه ای ذیل عناوین و فصول متفاوتی شناسایی شده که آثار و ضمانت اجرای آن نیز متفاوت خواهد بود. در مقالة پیش رو ضمن تأکید بر تفاوت معاذیر قراردادی از شرط ثبات مندرج در قراردادهای نفتی، با بررسی رویة عملی تنظیم و درج شرط معاذیر در چند نمونه از این قراردادها، انواع تعابیر استفاده شده را معرفی و پس از بیان کاستی ها و ایرادهای هر یک، موارد ضروری اصلاح و تغییر این قراردادها را به منظور هماهنگی با اسناد بین المللی و منطقه ای یادآوری کرده ایم. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| معاذیر قراردادی؛ اصل لزوم وفاداری به قراردادها؛ اصل تغییر بنیادین اوضاع و احوال؛ سرمایه گذاری خارجی؛ قراردادهای نفت و گاز | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| A Comparative Study of force majeure and Hardship in Oil and Gas Investment Contracts with an Emphasis on International and Regional Instruments | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Mohammad Taqi Rafiei1؛ Eisa Rajabi2 | ||
| 1Associate Professor, Department of Energy and International Trade Law, Faculty of Law, University of Tehran (College of Farabi). | ||
| 2PhD in Oil and Gas law, Faculty of Law, University of Tehran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| During the performance of Oil and Gas contracts, which are usually one of the longest investment contracts, there may be incidents in which the relations between the parties and the fulfillment of obligations, change and become unstable. In order to deal with the new situation, which may prevent the fulfillment of the obligation or make its performance difficult, various theories have been expressed, which we have examined under the heading of contractual excuses. Contractual excuses, which are also considered as an exception to the principle of the necessity of contracts, have been identified under different titles and chapters in international and regional instruments, and the effects and remedies of that will also differ on the contract. In this article, while emphasizing the difference between contractual excuses from the “stabilization clause” which is used in Oil and Gas contracts, by examining the practical procedure of arranging and inserting the excuses clauses in several examples of these contracts, the authors at first try to introduce the types of terms and after pointing out the defects of each one, they have mentioned the necessary cases of amending and changing these contracts in order to comply with international and regional instruments. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Contractual Excuses, Pacta sunt servanda, Rebus sic stantibus, Foreign Investment, Oil and Gas Contacts. | ||
| مراجع | ||
منابعالف) فارسی
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