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ارزیابی تاثیر عملیات نامناسب تجهیز، نوسازی و یکپارچه سازی اراضی بر کیفیت حاصلخیزی خاک‌های شالیزاری | ||
| تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران | ||
| دوره 53، شماره 3، خرداد 1401، صفحه 571-583 اصل مقاله (1.16 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijswr.2022.337268.669187 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| ناصر دواتگر** 1؛ مریم شکوری2؛ بهاره دلسوز خاکی3؛ محمدرضا یزدانی4 | ||
| 1بخش فیزیک خاک و آبیاری، موسسه تحقیقات خاک و آب، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران | ||
| 2بخش خاک و آب، موسسه تحقیقات برنج کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، رشت، ایران | ||
| 3بخش تحقیقات ارزیابی اراضی، موسسه تحقیقات خاک و آب، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران | ||
| 4بخش فنی و مهندسی، موسسه تحقیقات برنج کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، رشت، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| یکی از راههای ارتقای مدیریت زراعی اراضی شالیزاری به منظور تولید پایدار برنج، عملیات تجهیز نوسازی و یکپارچهسازی اراضی کشاورزی است. با این حال به نظر میرسد به دلیل برخی کاستیها این کار به تمامی اهداف خود دست نمییابد. بنابراین، هدف از این پژوهش ارزیابی میزان تاثیر عملیات تسطیح بر غیریکنواختی و شدت تغییرات حاصلخیزی خاک شالیزاری با استفاده از منطق فازی و شاخص تلفیقی کیفیت حاصلخیزی خاک در اراضی شالیزاری روستای خسروآباد شهرستان فومن در استان گیلان بود که در آن عملیات تجهیز نوسازی و یکپارچهسازی اراضی کشاورزی انجام شده بود. در دو مرحله پیش و پس از اجرای عملیات ، بهترتیب 95 و 126 نمونه خاک از افقهای سطحی تهیه و سپس برخی ویژگیهای خاک مرتبط با حاصلخیزی (هدایت الکتریکی، رس، کربن آلی، نیتروژن کل، فسفر و پتاسیم قابل استفاده) برنج اندازهگیری شدند. در مرحله بعد، با استفاده از توابع فازی، ویژگیهای کمی خاک به متغیرهای کیفی تبدیل و با استفاده از تاثیر وزن در متغیرهای کیفی، شاخص تلفیقی کیفیت حاصلخیزی محاسبه شد. نتایج ویژگیهای اندازه گیری شده، شاخصهای تلفیقی محاسبه شده و پهنههای تولید شده از آنها نشان دادند که در اثر عملیات تسطیح، میانگین مقدار رس افزایش یافته (9/76 درصد) و کربن آلی، نیتروژن، فسفر قابل استفاده و پتاسیم قابل استفاده به طور معنی‌داری (به ترتیب 37 درصد، 32 درصد، 7/41 درصد و 3/20 درصد) کاهش پیدا کردند، که از دلایل عمده آن میتوان به عملیات خاکبرداری و در سطح قرار گرفتن خاک زیر سطحی با رس بیشتر و غلظت کمتر عناصر غذایی در افق زیرین اشاره کرد. شاخص تلفیقی کیفیت حاصلخیزی خاک نیز در بیشتر مناطق مطالعه شده (9/41 درصد) کاهش یافت. در نتیجه به نظر میرسد اجرای نامناسب عملیات تجهیز نوسازی و یکپارچهسازی اراضی کشاورزی با کاهش حاصلخیزی خاک سطحی، اثرات منفی و طولانی مدت در اراضی کشاورزی خواهد داشت که رفع آنها سبب افزایش هزینه تولید می شود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| آمار مکانی؛ شاخص تلفیقی حاصلخیزی؛ کیفیت خاک؛ منطق فازی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Evaluation of the Effect of Improper Land Equipment, Renovation, and Integration Operation on the Fertility Quality of Paddy Soils | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Naser Davatgar1؛ maryam Shakouri2؛ Bahareh Delsouz khaki3؛ Mohammad Reza Yazdani4 | ||
| 1aDepartment of Soil Physics and Irrigation, Soil and Water Research Institute, Agricultural research, Education and extension organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Soil and water, Rice Research Institute of Iran, Agricultural Research, Education and extension organization, Rasht, Iran | ||
| 3Department of Land Evaluation, Soil and Water Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran | ||
| 4Department of Technical and engineering department, Rice Research Institute of Iran, Agricultural research, Education and extension organization, Rasht, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| One of the practices to improve the agricultural management of paddy fields for sustainable rice production is land equipment, renovation, and integration operations. However, due to some shortcomings, this does not seem to achieve all its goals. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of land leveling operations on non-uniformity and severity of changes in soil fertility using fuzzy logic and integrated fertility quality index, in paddy fields of Khosroabad village which is located in fouman city in Guilan province where the land equipment, renovation, and integration operation has been done. In two stages, before and after land leveling operations, 95 and 126 soil samples were prepared from surface horizons, respectively, and then some soil properties related to rice fertility (electrical conductivity, clay, organic carbon, total nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium) were measured. In the next step, using fuzzy functions, soil quantitative characteristics were converted into qualitative variables and by using the effect of weight on qualitative variables, the integrated fertility quality index was calculated. The results of measured properties, calculated indices, and the produced maps from them, showed that due to the land leveling operation, the average amount of clay increased (76/9%), and organic carbon, nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium decreased (37, 32%, 41/7 %, and 20/3%, respectively) significantly. One of the main reasons for this is excavation operations and the placement of subsurface soil with more clay and lower concentrations of nutrients in the lower horizon. The integrated fertility quality index also decreased (from an average of 0.31 to 0.18) in most of the studied areas. As a result, it seems that improper implementation of agricultural land equipment, renovation, and integration operations, by reducing the fertility of topsoil, will have long-term negative effects on agricultural land, that elimination of which, will increase the cost of production. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Fuzzy logic, integrated fertility index, soil quality, spatial statistics | ||
| مراجع | ||
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آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 316 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 299 |
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