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بررسی اثر کم‌آبیاری، تاریخ کاشت و کودهای زیستی بر صفات فنولوژیک، عملکرد و کیفیت کینوا | ||
| به زراعی کشاورزی | ||
| مقاله 16، دوره 25، شماره 1، فروردین 1402، صفحه 235-252 اصل مقاله (1.74 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jci.2022.341247.2695 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| محمد جباری اورنج* 1؛ حسین مقدم2؛ محمدرضا جهانسوز3؛ علی احمدی4؛ بابک متشرع زاده5 | ||
| 1نویسنده مسئول، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده علوم و مهندسی کشاورزی، دانشکدگان کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران. رایانامه: mjabbari.oranj@ut.ac.ir | ||
| 2گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده علوم و مهندسی کشاورزی، دانشکدگان کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران. رایانامه: hmoghadam@ut.ac.ir | ||
| 3گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده علوم و مهندسی کشاورزی، دانشکدگان کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران. رایانامه: jahansuz@ut.ac.ir | ||
| 4گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده علوم و مهندسی کشاورزی، دانشکدگان کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران. رایانامه: ahmadia@ut.ac.ir | ||
| 5گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده مهندسی و فناوری کشاورزی، دانشکدگان کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران. رایانامه: moteshare@ut.ac.ir | ||
| چکیده | ||
| به‌منظور بررسی اثر آبیاری، تاریخ کاشت و کودهای زیستی بر صفات فنولوژیک، عملکرد و برخی صفات کیفی گیاه کینوا به‌عنوان گیاهی جدید، آزمایشی در مزرعه ای واقع در شهرستان بیله‌سوار استان اردبیل در دو سال زراعی (1400-1398) به‌صورت کرت‌های دو بار خرد شده در قالب طرح پایه بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار اجرا گردید. فاکتورهای آزمایش شامل آبیاری در سه سطح (آبیاری کامل، قطع آبیاری در مرحله غنچه‌دهی و قطع آبیاری در مرحله پرشدن دانه) به‌عنوان فاکتور اصلی، تاریخ کاشت در سه سطح (پنجم مردادماه، 20 مردادماه و پنجم شهریورماه)1 به‌عنوان فاکتور فرعی و چهار سطح کود زیستی نیتروژنه (بدون تلقیح بذر، تلقیح بذر با ازتوباکتر، تلقیح با آزوسپیریلوم و تلقیح با مخلوط ازتوباکتر و آزوسپیریلوم) به‌عنوان فاکتور فرعی فرعی در نظر گرفته شد. نتایج نشان داد که کاربرد آبیاری کامل با تاریخ کاشت 5 مردادماه و تلقیح هم‌زمان کودهای زیستی باعث افزایش طول مراحل فنولوژیک و وزن هزاردانه شد. از نظر شاخص برداشت، تیمار آبیاری کامل با تاریخ کاشت پنجم شهریورماه و تلقیح هم‌زمان کودهای زیستی، از لحاظ درصد پروتئین و میزان ساپونین دانه قطع آبیاری در مرحله غنچه‌دهی با تاریخ کاشت پنجم مردادماه و تلقیح هم‌زمان کودهای زیستی بهترین نتیجه را داشته و بیش‌ترین عملکرد بیولوژیک (620 گرم بر متر مربع) و عملکرد دانه (97/304 گرم بر مترمربع) از تیمار آبیاری کامل با تاریخ کاشت 20 مردادماه و تلقیح هم‌زمان کودهای زیستی به‌دست آمد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| آزوسپیریلوم؛ ازتوباکتر؛ ساپونین دانه؛ شاخص برداشت؛ وزن هزاردانه | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| The Effects of Deficit Irrigation, Planting Date and Biofertilizers on Phenological Traits, Yield and Quality of Quinoa | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Mohammad Jabbari oranj1؛ Hosein Moghadam2؛ Mohammad Reza Jahansooz3؛ Ali Ahmadi4؛ Babak Motesharezadeh5 | ||
| 1Corresponding Author, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Engineering, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran. E-mail: mjabbari.oranj@ut.ac.ir | ||
| 2Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Engineering, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran. E-mail: hmoghadam@ut.ac.ir | ||
| 3Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Engineering, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran. E-mail: jahansuz@ut.ac.ir | ||
| 4Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Engineering, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran. E-mail: ahmadia@ut.ac.ir | ||
| 5Department of Soil Science Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran. E-mail: moteshare@ut.ac.ir | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| In order to investigate the effects of irrigation, planting date, and biofertilizers on phenological traits, yield, and some qualitative traits of quinoa as a new plant, an experiment has been conducted on a farm located in Bilehsvar region of Ardabil Province in two cropping years from 2019 to 2021 in split - split plot design based on a randomized complete block design with three replications. Experimental factors include irrigation at three levels, including (complete irrigation, irrigation termination in budding stage, and irrigation termination in seed filling stage) as the main factor, planting date at three levels (namely 27 July, 11 August, and 27 August) as the sub-factor, and four levels of nitrogen biofertilizer (the control, seed inoculant with Azotobacter, inoculant with Azospirillum, and inoculation with a mixture of Azotobacter and Azospirillum) as the sub-sub-factor. The results show that the use of complete irrigation with a planting date of 27 July and inoculation of Azotobacter and Azospirillum biofertilizers has increased the length of phenological stages and 1000-seed weight. In terms of harvest index, complete irrigation treatment with planting date of 27 July, and combined inoculation of biofertilizers have had the highest value, in terms of protein percentage and saponin content of seed, irrigation interruption at the budding stage with planting date of 27 July, while co-inoculation with biofertilizers has given the best results, and the highest biological yield (620 g/m2) and grain yield (304.97 g/m2) have been obtained from complete irrigation treatment with planting date of 11 August and co-inoculation of biofertilizers. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Azospirillum, azotobacter, harvest index, seed saponin, 1000seed weight | ||
| مراجع | ||
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