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واکاوی علل عدم مشارکت بخش خصوصی در معرفی و تولید بذر ارقام اصلاح شده داخلی سبزی و صیفی | ||
| تحقیقات اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی ایران | ||
| مقاله 6، دوره 54، شماره 1، فروردین 1402، صفحه 89-106 اصل مقاله (860.12 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijaedr.2022.338302.669129 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| مریم محمودی* 1؛ احمد موسی پورگرجی2 | ||
| 1عضو هیات علمی موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران | ||
| 2عضو هیات علمی موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج ، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| هدف اصلی این پژوهش بررسی عمدهترین چالشهای مشارکت شرکتهای خصوصی فعال در کشور در حوزه سبزی و صیفی در معرفی ارقام محصولات مختلف سبزی و صیفی و همچنین تولید و تکثیر بذر ارقام معرفی شده داخلی از دیدگاه مدیران عامل این شرکتها و راهکارهای رفع این چالشها بوده است. این پژوهش از نوع تحقیقات کیفی بوده و از روششناسی نظریه داده بنیاد به منظور دستیابی به هدف تحقیق استفاده شد. جامعه آماری این مطالعه کلیه شرکتهای خصوصی عضو انجمن واردکنندگان بذر بودند که در سال 1399، تعداد آنها 37 شرکت بود که در نهایت 11 نفر آنها با استفاده از روش نمونهگیری گلوله برفی انتخاب شدند. به منظور جمعآوری دادهها از پرسشنامه نیمهساختاریافته استفاده شد. به منظور اطمینان از روایی و پایایی دادهها در بخش کیفی، علاوه بر بهرهگیری از روش‌های مختلفی چون یادداشتبرداری و ضبط صـدا، نتـایج به 4 نفر از مصاحبهشوندگان برای بررسی و تائید ارسال شد. برای تحلیل دادهها از روش تحلیل مقایسه مداوم استفاده شد. در نهایت، علاوه بر ارائه مدل الگویی این مطالعه، چالشهای شناسایی شده در پنج دسته شامل؛ چالشهای؛ سرمایهگذاری و دانشی، تغییر نگرش بهرهبرداران و کاهش قدرت ریسک آنها، حمایت دولت، بازارپسندی و کیفیت ارقام معرفی شده و عدم موفقیت بخش دولتی در ایجاد اطمینان و جلب مشارکت بخش خصوصی طبقهبندی شدند. پیشنهاد اصلی این مطالعه، تدوین راهکارهایی به منظور توسعه همکاریهای مشترک و مکمل بین دو بخش دولتی و خصوصی و افزایش اعتماد بین این دو نهاد است. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| به نژادی؛ سبزی و صیفی؛ مشارکت بخش خصوصی؛ نظام تأمین بذر؛ نظریه داده بنیاد | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Investigating the Causes of Seed Companies` Reluctance to Participate in Breeding and Seed Production of Inland Improved Varieties of Vegetable Crops | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Maryam Mahmoodi1؛ Ahmad Mousapour Gorji2 | ||
| 1Assistant Professor of Agricultural Extension and Education, Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran. | ||
| 2Assistant Professor of Plant Biotechnology, Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The main purpose of this study was to investigate the main challenges of seed companies` participation in breeding of vegetable crops and seed production of inland and improved cultivars and the main solutions to solve these challenges. This research is a qualitative research and the grounded theory methodology was used to answer the main research question. The statistical population of this study was all seed companies` members of the Seed Importers Association, consisting of 37 companies in 2020, and 11 representatives were selected using snowball sampling method. The data were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire. In order to ensure the validity and reliability of the data, in addition to using different methods such as note-taking and voice recording, the extracted codes and concepts were sent to the four of the respondents to review and approve of the data. In this study, in order to analyze the data, the method of continuous comparison analysis was used. Finally, in addition to designing the paradigm model, the identified challenges regarding seed companies` participation in plant breeding and seed production of vegetable crops varieties released by the public sector were categorized into 5 categories, including; Investment and knowledge challenges, the challenge of changing the attitude of producers and reducing their risk power, the challenges of government support, the challenges of marketing and the quality of the released varieties, and the failure of the public sector to create trust and participation of seed companies. Finally, the main suggestion of this study is to formulate strategies to develop joint and complementary cooperation between the public and private sectors and increase trust between the two institutions. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Grounded theory, Plant breeding, Seed companies participation, Seed supply system, Vegetable crops | ||
| مراجع | ||
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Aghaie, M.J. (2018). Challenges and Opportunities of Seed Production in Iran. Proceedings of the 15th National Congress of Agricultural Sciences and Plant Breeding. Karaj, Seed and Plant Improvement Institutre, 4-6 Sep. 2018. Ahmadi, K., Ebadzadeh, H., Hatami, F., Mohammadnia Afrouzi, Sh., Esfandyari pour, E. and Abas taghani, R. (2021). Agricultural statistics of the crop year 1398-99. First Edition. Tehran: Ministry of Jihad Agriculture, Deputy of Planning and Economy, Information and Communication Technology Center (In Persian). Atilaw, A., Alemu, D., Bishaw, Z., Kifle, T. and Kaske, K. (2017). Early Generation Seed Production and Supply in Ethiopia: Status, Challenges and Opportunities. Ethiopian Journal of Agricultural Science, 27(1): 99-119. Creswell, J. W. (2007). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five traditions (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. Galushko, V. and Gray, R. (2014). Twenty five years of private wheat breeding in the UK: Lessons for other countries. Science and Public Policy (2014):1–15. Given, L. M. (2008). The SAGE encyclopedia of qualitative research method. London, Sage Publications. Iran Biotechnology Information Database. (2018). Interview with Dr. Mohammad Jafar Aghaei on the challenges and opportunities of seed production in Iran. September 25, 2016 at 19:57. Available at: http://irbic.ir/12091/ (In Persian). Jaffee, S. and Srivastava, J. (1994). The Roles of the Private and Public Sectors in Enhancing the Performance of Seed Systems. The World Bank Research Observer, 9(1):97-117. Kamara, D.O. (2015).quality sedd and rice production in Sierra Leone?: as assessment of the challenges faced by small holder rice farmers. M.Sc. thesis, Department of Agriculture and Rural Development, Pan African Institute for development, Cameroon, West Africa. Kifle, T. and Atilaw, A. (2018). Constraints to private seed sector development in Ethiopia: A case study. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 13(48), pp. 2748-2756 . Kolady, D.E. and Awal, A. (2018). Seed industry and seed policy reforms in Bangladesh: impacts and implications. International Food and Agribusiness Management Review, 21(7): 989-1001. Koundinya, A.V.V. (2014). Indian vegetable seeds industry: status and challenges. International Journal of Plant, Animal and Environmental Sciences, 4(4): 62-69. Loch, D.S. and Boyce, K.G. (2003). Balancing public and private sector roles in aneffective seed supply system. Field Crops Research, 84 (2003) 105–122. Madanirad, M. (2015). Study and analysis of the field production process and consumption of improved seeds in the country (challenges and solutions). Research project report, No. 845741. Tehran, Agricultural Planning, Economics and Rural Development Research Institute. Pasha Sharifi, H. and Sharifi, N. (2020). Research Methods in Behavioral Sciences. Tehran: Skills Printing. Thirteenth edition (In Persian). Schreinemachers, P., Chandra Rao, K.P., Easdown, W., Hanson, P. and Kuma, S. (2017). The contribution of international vegetable breeding to private seed companies in India. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 64:1037–1049 Schreinemachers, P., Howard, J., Turner, M. (2021). Africa’s evolving vegetable seed sector: status, policy options and lessons from Asia. Food Security, 13: 511–523 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12571-021-01146-y. Shah Mansouri, A. and Abbasi, Z. (2014). The need to produce vegetable and summer F1 hybrid seeds using native germplasm in Iran, Proceedings of the First International Congress and the 13th Iranian Genetics Congress, Tehran, Iranian Genetic Association (In Persian). Strauss, A. and Corbin, J. (2014). Basics of Qualitative Research: Grounded Theory Procedures and Techniques. Second Edition. Translated by Biok Mohammadi. Tehran: Institute of Humanities and Cultural Studies (In Persian). Taher Hasan. A.A, and Chaudhuri, S.K. (2020). Erosion of Traditional Seed Supply System in Murshidabad District of West Bengal. Journal of Extension Education, 32(1): 6463-6467. Tehran Chamber of Commerce, Industries, Mines and Agriculture. (2020). Statistics and charts of imports leading to March 2017 (country, customs, tariff). Retrieved July 13, 1400. From: https://tccim.ir/ImpExpStats_TarrifCustomCountry.aspx?slcImpExp=Import&slcCountry=&sYear=1399&mode=doit (In Persian). | ||
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