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بررسی اثر منابع مختلف گرده بر میوه نشینی نخل های حاصل از کشت بافت و پاجوش ارقام برحی، پیارم و مضافتی | ||
| به زراعی کشاورزی | ||
| مقاله 19، دوره 23، شماره 4، دی 1400، صفحه 967-985 اصل مقاله (1.17 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jci.2021.323877.2554 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| حمید زرگری1؛ علیرضا طلایی* 2؛ یحیی دهقانی شورکی3؛ وحید عبدوسی4 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکتری، گروه علوم زراعی و باغی، دانشکده کشاورزی و صنایع غذایی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران | ||
| 2استاد، گروه علوم باغبانی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران. | ||
| 3استادیار، موسسه تحقیقات ثبت گواهی و بذر نهال، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران. | ||
| 4استادیار، گروه علوم زراعی و باغی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| در حال حاضر یکی از مشکلات تولیدکنندگان خرما در مناطق مختلف کشور، عدم میوهنشینی مطلوب نهالهای کشتبافتی برخی ارقام میباشد. این پژوهش به‌منظور بررسی اثرات گرده ارقام مختلف بر میوهنشینی نخلهای خرمای کشتبافتی و پاجوشی ارقام برحی، پیارم و مضافتی در باغ ایستگاه تحقیقاتی جهرم طی سالهای 98ـ 1397 با استفاده از آزمایش فاکتوریل با سه فاکتور در قالب طرح پایه بلوکهای کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار انجام شد. فاکتور اول گردههای مختلف با پنج سطح (شامل کدهای 7001 (شاهد)، 7005، 7013، 7030 و بویر11 حاصل از کشتبافت (B11)) و فاکتور دوم نوع رقم در سه سطح (برحی، پیارم و مضافتی) و فاکتور سوم نوع نهال در دو سطح (کشتبافت و پاجوش) بر 90 اصله درختان 10ساله اجرا شد. نتایج نشان داد بیشترین درصد تشکیل میوه طبیعی در روش تکثیر پاجوش در رقم مضافتی با گردههای 7013 و 7030 و گرده 7013 در رقم برحی مشاهده شد. کمترین درصد تشکیل میوه طبیعی در روش کشتبافت در رقم برحی با گرده 7001 (شاهد) دیده شد. به‌طور کلی، گردههای 7013 و 7030 به‌عنوان مناسبترین پایه گردهزا برای افزایش درصد تشکیلمیوه طبیعی و کاهش میوههای پارتنوکارپی و ریزشکرده ارقام برحی، پیارم و مضافتیحاصل از کشتبافت و پاجوش انتخاب شدند. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| اثرات گرده؛ ارقام خرما؛ باروری؛ کشت بافت؛ پاجوش | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| An Investigation into the effect of different pollen sources on fruit set of palms obtained from tissue culture and offshoot of Barhi, Piaroom and Mazafati cultivars | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Hamid Zargari1؛ Alireza Talaie2؛ Yahya Dehghani Shurki3؛ Vahid Abdossi4 | ||
| 1Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Agronomy and Horticulture Science, College of Agriculture and Food Industry, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. | ||
| 2Professor, Horticultural Science Department, College of Agriculture and the Natural Resources University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran. | ||
| 3Assistant Professor, Seed and Plant Certification and Registration Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran. | ||
| 4Assistant Professor, Agronomy and Horticulture Science, College of Agriculture and Food Industry, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| One of the problems faced by Phoenix dactylifera L growers in different parts of the country is the lack of a favorable fruit set for tissue culture seedlings of some cultivars recently. This study is conducted to investigate the effects of pollen of different cultivars on the fruit set of Phoenix dactylifera L tissue culture and offshoot palms of Barhi, Piaroom, and Mazafati cultivars in the garden of Jahrom Agricultural Research Station. During the years 2018 - 2019, in a factorial experiment, three factors have been performed in three replications with a randomized complete block design. The first factor involves different pollen with five levels (i.e., codes 7001 (control), 7005, 7013, 7030, and Boyer 11 obtained from tissue culture (B11)) with the second factor being the cultivar type in three levels (Barhi, Pyaram, and Mazafati), and the third one, the type of seedlings, all applied on 90 ten-year-old trees in two levels (tissue culture and offshoot). Results show that the highest percentage of natural fruit set has been observed in Mazafati cultivar with 7013 and 7030 pollens and 7013 pollen in Barhi cultivar. The lowest percentage of natural fruit set belongs to tissue culture method in Barhi cultivar with pollen 7001 (control). In general, 7013 and 7030 pollens have been identified as the most suitable pollinator base to increase the percentage of normal fruit set and reduce parthenocarpic and fallen fruits of Barhi, Piaroom, and Mazafati cultivars obtained from tissue culture and offshoot. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Fertility, Date cultivars, Pollen effects, Tissue culture, Offshoot | ||
| مراجع | ||
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