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ارزیابی خطر اکولوژیک فلزات سنگین در رسوبات و بافتهای مختلف درخت حرا (Avicennia marina) در سواحل خلیج فارس | ||
نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی | ||
دوره 75، ویژه نامه محیط زیست ساحلی و دریایی، اسفند 1401، صفحه 90-106 اصل مقاله (1.05 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jne.2022.344674.2446 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
ساناز خمر* 1؛ سید مهدی حسینی2 | ||
1دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید باهنر، کرمان، ایران | ||
2دانشکده گیاهان دارویی، دانشگاه تخصصی فناوریهای نوین، آمل، ایران | ||
چکیده | ||
پژوهش حاضر، بهمنظور سنجش فلزات سنگین مس، نیکل، سرب و روی در رسوبات، ریشه، ساقه و برگ رویشگاههای مانگرو (Avicennia marina) و از 5 ایستگاه در بندر خمیر واقع در جنوب غربی بندرعباس با سه تکرار در تابستان 1399 انجام شد. علاوه بر این، برخی از پارامترهای ژئوشیمیایی رسوبات بستر این مانگروها مانند شاخص مولر، فاکتور آلودگی و شاخص اریسک اکولوژیک مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. الگوی تجمع فلزات در رسوبات بهصورت Ni>Pb>Zn >Cu بهدست آمد. این الگو برای بافتهای ریشه، ساقه و برگ بهترتیب بهصورت Ni> Cu>Zn>Pb، Cu>Zn>Ni>Pb و Cu>Zn>Ni>Pb بهدست آمد. بر اساس میزان فاکتور تجمع زیستی، بافتهای گیاه میتوانند شاخص زیستی مناسبی برای فلز مس در منطقه باشند. ریشه نیز میتواند شاخص مناسبی برای فلزات سرب و نیکل محسوب شود. برای فلز روی، بافتهای برگ و ساقه شاخص مناسبی در منطقه شناخته شدند. فاکتور انتقال، تنها برای فلزات مس و روی در بافتهای ساقه و برگ معنیدار بود که نتایج نشان از رابطة مستقیم بین غلظت مس و روی در ریشه و پس از آن در برگها و ساقهها بود. همچنین بررسی غلظت فلزات در رسوبات در همه ایستگاهها نشان داد که تنها غلظت فلز نیکل بحرانی بود. علاوه بر این، شاخصهای محیط زیستی زمینانباشتگی و فاکتور آلودگی، بیانگر وضعیت آلودگی متوسط در رسوبات منطقه بود. همچنین یافتههای شاخص ارزیابی محیط زیستی فلزات سنگین نشان داد که، رسوبات بندر خمیر از نظر شاخص آلودگی اکولوژیک در ردة ریسک اکولوژیک کم (RI<150) قرار دارند. بهطور کلی روند تجمع فلزات در رسوب و بافتهای درخت حرا نشان داد که با افزایش غلظت فلزات در رسوبات، میزان این عناصر در بافتهای گیاه نیز افزایش مییابد، بنابراین گونة A. marina میتواند شاخص زیستی برای فلزات سنگین در اکوسیستم مورد مطالعه باشد. علاوه بر این، این گیاه باعث کاهش تحرک و دسترسی زیستی فلزات مورد بررسی در رسوبات این اکوسیستم میشود. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
فلزات سنگین؛ رسوب؛ درخت حرا؛ بندر خمیر | ||
عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
Assessment of ecological risk of heavy metals in sediment and different tissues of Avicennia marina in the coasts of the Persian Gulf | ||
نویسندگان [English] | ||
Sanaz Khammar1؛ Sayed Mehdi Hosseini2 | ||
1Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University, Kerman, Iran | ||
2Faculty of Medicinal Plants, University of Special Modern Technologies, Amol, Iran | ||
چکیده [English] | ||
The present study was conducted to measure the heavy metals of Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn in sediments, roots, stems and leaves of mangrove tree (Avicennia marina) from five stations in Khamir port located in the southwest of Bandar Abbas with three replications in summer 2020. In addition, some geochemical parameters of the sediments of the bed of these mangroves such as Muller index, contamination factor and ecological risk index have been evaluated. The accumulation pattern of heavy metals in the sediment was obtained as Ni> Pb>Zn>Cu. This pattern for root, stem and leaf tissues were determined as Ni>Cu>Zn>Pb, Cu>Zn>Ni>Pb and Cu>Zn>Ni>Pb, respectively. According to the bio concentration factor, plant tissues can be a suitable bio-indicator for Cu in the region. Root can also be considered a good bio indicator for Pb and Ni metals. For Zn metal, leaf and stem tissues were also identified as suitable indicators in the region.Transfer factor was significant only for Cu and Zn metals in stem and leaf tissues, which showed a direct relationship between cu and Zn concentrations in roots and then in leaves and stems. Also, examination of metal concentrations in sediments in all stations showed that only nickel metal concentration was critical. Also, the findings of the study of environmental assessment index of heavy metals showed that the sediments of Khamir port are in the category of low ecological risk (RI<150) in terms of ecological pollution index. In general, the process of accumulation of metals in sediments and mangroves tissues showed that increasing the concentration of elements in sediments, the amount of these elements in plant tissues can also increases, so, A. marina can be a bioindicator for heavy metals in the studied ecosystem. In addition, this plant reduces the mobility and bioavailability of the studied metals in the sediments of this ecosystem. | ||
کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
Heavy metals, Sediment, Mangrove, Port of Khamir | ||
مراجع | ||
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