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بررسی راهکارهای مدیریتی جهت رفع چالش‌های بین تامین آب کشاورزی و حقابۀ زیست محیطی تالاب در شرایط مختلف آب و هوایی (مطالعه موردی: حوضۀ آبریز تالاب امیرکلایه) | ||
| اکوهیدرولوژی | ||
| دوره 9، شماره 4، دی 1401، صفحه 733-750 اصل مقاله (1.22 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ije.2022.342871.1638 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| هادی مدبری* 1؛ مرتضی کریمی2؛ بابک رازدار2 | ||
| 1استادیار گروه پژوهشی پایش منابع آب، پژوهشکدۀ محیط زیست جهاد دانشگاهی، رشت، ایران | ||
| 2پژوهشگر گروه پژوهشی پایش منابع آب، پژوهشکدۀ محیط زیست جهاد دانشگاهی، رشت، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| در این پژوهش نیاز آبی زیستمحیطی تالاب امیرکلایه در سه سناریوی خشکسالی، نرمال و ترسالی با هدف رسیدن به شرایط حداقل، قابل قبول و مطلوب برآورد شد. برای انجام این کار، ابتدا تعیین طبقات خشکسالی در سالهای مختلف براساس شاخص SPI محاسبه شد. در مرحلۀ بعد، مقادیر کمبود آب تالاب با شبیهسازی دورۀ آماری بلندمدت معادلۀ بیلان، منابع آب در دسترس و تطبیق آن با شرایط اکولوژیکی هدف‌گذاری شده، در جهت تأمین نیاز آبی تالاب امیرکلایه در سناریوهای مختلف به دست آمد. نتایج نشان داد در ششماهۀ اول سال آبی و در شرایط خشکسالی با تأمین حدود 62/0 میلیون مترمکعب کمبود آب، نیاز آبی برای شرایط اکولوژیکی حداقل تأمین خواهد شد در صورتی که در شرایط نرمال و ترسالی کمبود آبی وجود نخواهد داشت. در حالی که در ششماهۀ دوم سال آبی و در شرایط خشکسالی نرمال و ترسالی به‌ترتیب به مقدار 65/3، 54/3 و 68/2 میلیون مترمکعب، تیرماه به عنوان بحرانیترین ماه، تالاب با کمبود آب مواجه است. با بررسی آبدهی نهر سیدعلی اکبری نتیجه شد که فقط در ششماهۀ اول سال آبی میتوان از این منبع برای تأمین آب تالاب استفاده کرد. حجم آب قابل برداشت از این نهر حدود 7/4 میلیون مترمکعب برآورد شد. همچنین، در شرایط نرمال و ترسالی نیز میتوان با افزایش ظرفیت ذخیرۀ مخزن تالاب مقدار 5/1 میلیون مترمکعب آب را ذخیره کرد و از طریق افزایش راندمان حدود 55/0 میلیون مترمکعب در مصرف آب صرفهجویی کرد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| نیاز آبی زیستمحیطی؛ معادلۀ بیلان؛ شاخص SPI؛ تالاب امیرکلایه | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Investigation of Management Strategies for Challenges of Agricultural Water Supply and Environmental Water Right (Case study: Amirkalayeh wetland catchment) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Hadi Modaberi1؛ Morteza Karimi2؛ Babak Razdar2 | ||
| 1Assistant Professor, Environmental Research Institute of Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research, Rasht, Iran | ||
| 2Researcher, Environmental Research Institute of Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research, Rasht, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| In this study, the estimation of the environmental water requirement of the Amirkelayeh wetland has been investigated to achieve the desired and acceptable conditions in at least three scenarios of wet, normal, and drought conditions. To aim this purpose, first, the determination of drought classes in different years was calculated based on the SPI index. In the next step, the water shortage values of the wetland to meet the water needs of the Amirkelayeh wetland are obtained using the simulation results of the long-term statistical period of the balance equation, available water resources, and its adaptation to the targeted ecological conditions in different scenarios. The results show that in the first half of the wet year and in drought conditions, the water requirement at the minimum ecological conditions will be met by supplying around 0.62 million cubic meters of water, while in normal and wet conditions, there will be no water shortage, while in the second half of the water year and in normal and wet drought conditions, water demand will reach 3.65, 3.54, and 2.68 million cubic meters, respectively. It is considered that the most critical condition of water shortage in the wetland will happen in July. Furthermore, the volume of water that could be extracted from Seyed Ali Akbari creek was estimated at 4.7 million cubic meters. Regarding the flow of this creek, it was concluded that only in the first half of the water year can this source be used to supply the wetland’s water required. In addition, by increasing the storage capacity of the wetland reservoir in normal and wet conditions, 1.5 million cubic meters of water can be stored and if the efficiency rises, around 0.55 million cubic meters of water consumption can be saved. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Environmental water requirement, Balance equation, SPI index, Amirkalayeh wetland | ||
| مراجع | ||
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