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Spatial and Temporal Variation of Seismic Ambient Noise in Tehran Region for Frequency Range 1-30 Hz | ||
| فیزیک زمین و فضا | ||
| مقاله 3، دوره 48، شماره 4، اسفند 1401، صفحه 33-45 اصل مقاله (1.82 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jesphys.2023.332817.1007377 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| Mehrasa Masih1؛ Zaher Hossein Shomali* 2؛ Esmaeil Bayramnejad3 | ||
| 1Department of Seismology, Institute of Geophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. E-mail: mehrasa.masih@ut.ac.ir | ||
| 2Corresponding Author, Department of Seismology, Institute of Geophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. E-mail: shomali@ut.ac.ir | ||
| 3Department of Seismology, Institute of Geophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. E-mail: ebayram@ut.ac.ir | ||
| چکیده | ||
| Because of the use of seismic ambient noise as a low-cost tool for researching subsurface structure and hazard assessments in recent decades, urban seismology has become an active research subject both with seismological objectives, as obtaining better microzonation maps in highly populated areas, and with engineering objectives, as the monitoring of traffic or the surveying of historical buildings. As a result, urban seismology has been used in the metropolis of Tehran, which is one of the world's most populated cities. The city is situated on the southern slopes of the Central Alborz Mountains on Quaternary alluvial deposits, and its southern section is situated on the northwest side of Central Iran's Great Desert, surrounded by active faults such as the Mosha Fault, North Tehran Fault and South Rey Fault. By using cultural noises caused by human activities such as traffic, subway, concerts, and rituals in metropolitan settings, urban seismology explains underlying structures, enhances seismic hazard management, and zoning. As a result of the high level of noise created by human activities in Tehran, as well as the presence of subterranean structures in this metropolis, the necessity of urban seismology and seismic ambient noise approaches is clear. The data from Tehran's accelerometer networks that named Tehran Disaster Mitigation and Management Organization (TDMMO) and the Road, Housing and Urban Development Research Center (BHRC) which are equipped with a Guralp CMG-5T three component accelerometer and the power spectral density-probability density function (PSD-PDF) approach by PQLX software, which was made available to the seismologist community in June 2004 were utilized in this study to analyze the spatial and temporal fluctuations of seismic ambient noise in the frequency domain. For this purpose, the period of 10 December to 24 December 2020 was investigated. In addition, the effect of the Corona virus pandemic on the frequency and time domain level of seismic ambient noise was explored in period of 16 March to 26 March 2019 and 15 March to 25 March 2020. This period was chosen because the ancient Nowruz festival is in this period. Finally, considering the energy level of cultural noise denoted by the large daytime/nighttime variation with large energy during working hours and much less during nighttime and weekends, most of the stations have been experiencing the lowest level of cultural noise between the hours of 3:30-4:30 AM across all three frequency ranges that include human movement, traffic and subway, and in terms of spatial variation, D011 station has been experiencing the lowest noise levels in all three frequency ranges due to its construction on a stone structure. Furthermore, investigations on the change of noise levels during the Corona epidemic revealed a drop of 1-4% and a rise of 1-15% for certain stations depending on their location in all three frequency bands. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| Seismic ambient noise؛ Power spectral density-probability density function؛ Spatial and temporal variations؛ Frequency range 1-30 Hz؛ Corona pandemic | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Spatial and Temporal Variation of Seismic Ambient Noise in Tehran Region for Frequency Range 1-30 Hz | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Mehrasa Masih1؛ Zaher Hossein Shomali2؛ Esmaeil Bayramnejad3 | ||
| 1Department of Seismology, Institute of Geophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. E-mail: mehrasa.masih@ut.ac.ir | ||
| 2Corresponding Author, Department of Seismology, Institute of Geophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. E-mail: shomali@ut.ac.ir | ||
| 3Department of Seismology, Institute of Geophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. E-mail: ebayram@ut.ac.ir | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Because of the use of seismic ambient noise as a low-cost tool for researching subsurface structure and hazard assessments in recent decades, urban seismology has become an active research subject both with seismological objectives, as obtaining better microzonation maps in highly populated areas, and with engineering objectives, as the monitoring of traffic or the surveying of historical buildings. As a result, urban seismology has been used in the metropolis of Tehran, which is one of the world's most populated cities. The city is situated on the southern slopes of the Central Alborz Mountains on Quaternary alluvial deposits, and its southern section is situated on the northwest side of Central Iran's Great Desert, surrounded by active faults such as the Mosha Fault, North Tehran Fault and South Rey Fault. By using cultural noises caused by human activities such as traffic, subway, concerts, and rituals in metropolitan settings, urban seismology explains underlying structures, enhances seismic hazard management, and zoning. As a result of the high level of noise created by human activities in Tehran, as well as the presence of subterranean structures in this metropolis, the necessity of urban seismology and seismic ambient noise approaches is clear. The data from Tehran's accelerometer networks that named Tehran Disaster Mitigation and Management Organization (TDMMO) and the Road, Housing and Urban Development Research Center (BHRC) which are equipped with a Guralp CMG-5T three component accelerometer and the power spectral density-probability density function (PSD-PDF) approach by PQLX software, which was made available to the seismologist community in June 2004 were utilized in this study to analyze the spatial and temporal fluctuations of seismic ambient noise in the frequency domain. For this purpose, the period of 10 December to 24 December 2020 was investigated. In addition, the effect of the Corona virus pandemic on the frequency and time domain level of seismic ambient noise was explored in period of 16 March to 26 March 2019 and 15 March to 25 March 2020. This period was chosen because the ancient Nowruz festival is in this period. Finally, considering the energy level of cultural noise denoted by the large daytime/nighttime variation with large energy during working hours and much less during nighttime and weekends, most of the stations have been experiencing the lowest level of cultural noise between the hours of 3:30-4:30 AM across all three frequency ranges that include human movement, traffic and subway, and in terms of spatial variation, D011 station has been experiencing the lowest noise levels in all three frequency ranges due to its construction on a stone structure. Furthermore, investigations on the change of noise levels during the Corona epidemic revealed a drop of 1-4% and a rise of 1-15% for certain stations depending on their location in all three frequency bands. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Seismic ambient noise, Power spectral density-probability density function, Spatial and temporal variations, Frequency range 1-30 Hz, Corona pandemic | ||
| مراجع | ||
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Aboalmaali, S. (2019). The study of seismic mbient noise due to mankind activities within Tehran’s metropolitan area and using H/V method to retrieve the thickness of alluvium, a thesis for the degree Master of Science in Seismology, Institute of Geophysics, University of Tehran. Diaz, J., Ruiz, M., Sánchez-Pastor, P. S., & Romero, P. (2017). Urban seismology: on the origin of earth vibrations within a city. Nature, 7(1), 1-11. Lecocq, T., Hicks, S. P., Van Noten, K., Van Wijk, K., Koelemeijer, P., De Plaen, R. S., ... & Xiao, H. (2020). Global quieting of high-frequency seismic noise due to COVID-19 pandemic lockdown measures. Science, 369(6509), 1338-1343. Liu, L., Chen, Q., Wang , W., & Rohrbach, E. (2014). Ambient noise as the new source for urban engineering seismology and earthquake engineering: a case study from Beijing metropolitan area. Earthquake Science, 27, 89–100. McNamara, D. E., & Boaz, R. I. (2004). Visualization of the seismic ambient noise spectrum. McNamara, D. E., Buland, R. P., Boaz, R. I., Weertman, B., & Ahern, T. (2005). Ambient seismic noise, manuscript in preparation: SRL short note, Preprint v3.0. McNamara, D. E., & Buland, R. P. (2004). Ambient noise levels in the Continental United States, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 94(4), 1517–1527. Okada, H., & Suto, K. (2003). The microtremor survey method. Singha Roy, K. , Sharma, J., Kumar, S., & Ravi Kumar, M. (2021). Effect of Corona virus lockdowns on the ambient seismic noise levels in Gujarat, northwest India, nature, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-02186557-9. Statistical yearbook of Tehran. (2017). Tehran Municipality ICT Organization. | ||
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