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اثر آتش‌سوزی بر خصوصیات کمی و کیفی پوشش‌گیاهی علفزار ییلاقی (مطالعه موردی: سایت تحقیقاتی زاغه لرستان) | ||
| نشریه علمی - پژوهشی مرتع و آبخیزداری | ||
| دوره 75، شماره 4، دی 1401، صفحه 503-517 اصل مقاله (790.16 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jrwm.2022.347771.1676 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| رضا سیاه منصور* 1؛ نادیا کمالی2 | ||
| 1مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان لرستان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، خرم‌آباد، ایران. | ||
| 2استادیار پژوهشی، بخش تحقیقات مرتع، موسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| آتش‌سوزی سریع‌ترین عامل ایجاد تغییرات گسترده در پوشش گیاهی است. هدف این تحقیق بررسی برخی از این تغییرات است. بنابراین پس از تعیین منطقه معرف ترانسکت‌های چهار عدد ترانسکت 200 متری با فاصله 100 متر و 10 کوادرات یک متر مربعی ثابت بر روی هر یک از آن‌ها، واحدهای نمونه در هر عرصه را تشکیل داد. این سایت در سال‌های 1390و 1392 در آتش سوخت و در سال‌های 1397 و 1398 آماربرداری به روش تصادفی- سیستماتیک در آن اجرا گردید. بررسی کلاس‌های خوشخوراکی نشان می‌دهد در تیمار آتش‌سوزی غالبیت تولید و تاجپوشش با گونههای مهاجم است. برتری تولید این کلاس علوفه‌ای با مقادیر 05/52 و 1/209 گرم بر متر مربع در عرصه سوخته نسبت به شاهد حفظ شده است. همچنین گندمیان یکساله از نظر تولید و تاجپوشش نسبت به سایر گونه‌ها دارای اختلاف میانگین معنی‌دار می‌باشند. اما، پهن برگان علفی 5/1 برابر مقدار تولید بیشتری در آتش‌سوزی نسبت به شاهد داشته‌اند. نتایج نشان می‌دهد هرچند مقدار تولید در عرصه آتش‌سوزی بیشتر از شاهد است اما الزاما به افزایش مقدار مجاز علوفه قابل برداشت منجر نشده است. تیپ در عرصه سوخته نسبت به شاهد با جایگزینی یک‌ساله‌ها بجای چندساله‌ها دچار تغییر اساسی گردید. در نتیجه تولید، تراکم و تاج پوشش کلاس‌های خوشخوراکی و فرم‌های مختلف رویشی نیز تغییرات اساسی یافت. آتش عامل تغییر وضعیت مرتع از عالی به متوسط است، گرایش در هر دو تیمار مثبت بود. با توجه به شرایط موجود، ایجاد آتش چه عمدی و چه سهوی در مراتع این منطقه از ناحیه رویشی ایران اکیدا توصیه نمی‌شود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| خوشخوراکی؛ آتش‌سوزی؛ مدیریت مرتع؛ علفزار؛ گرایش مرتع | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| The effect of fire on the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of alpaine rangelands vegetation (case study: Lorestan research site) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Reza Siahmansour1؛ Nadia Kamali2 | ||
| 1Assistant Professor, Forests and Rangelands Research Department, Lorestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Khorramabad, Iran. | ||
| 2Assistant Professor, Research institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Fire is the fastest cause of extensive changes in vegetation. The purpose of this research is to examine some of these changes. SO, after determining key area of four 200m transects and a distance of 100 m from each other, 10 plots 1m2 fixed on each of them, formed sample units in each field. This site burned in 2011 and 2013, in 2018 and 2019, random-systematic statistical collection was carried out in it. Results showed, in fire treatment the dominance of production and cover is with invader plants. Production of this class 52.05 and 209.1gr/m2 has been preserved in burnt area compared to control. Also, annual grasses have significant average difference in terms of production and canopy compared to other species. However, annual forbs had 1.5 times more production in fire than control. Although the amount of production in burnt area is more than control but, it doesnt mean an increase in the amount of allowable forage. The plant type in the burned fundamental change compared to the control by replacing annuals instead of permanent species. As result production, density and canopy cover of different palatability classes and growing forms also found fundamental changes. Fire is cause of changing in rangeland condition from excellent to average, the trend is positive in both treatments. The management of burnt fields is very specialized, and according to the existing conditions, it is strongly not recommended to create a fire either intentionally or accidentally in this area is vegetation zone form of Iran. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| palatability, wildfire, rangeland management, grassland, rangeland conditions | ||
| مراجع | ||
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