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تعیین سهم ویژه منابع رسوب معلق در آبخیز واز با استفاده از ویژگی‌های ژئوشیمیایی | ||
| اکوهیدرولوژی | ||
| دوره 9، شماره 4، دی 1401، صفحه 705-718 اصل مقاله (1.89 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ije.2023.344381.1649 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| نبیه کریمی1؛ لیلا غلامی* 2؛ عطااله کاویان3؛ عبدالواحد خالدی درویشان4 | ||
| 1دانشآموختۀ دکتری گروه مهندسی آبخیزداری، دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری | ||
| 2دانشیار گروه مهندسی آبخیزداری، دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری | ||
| 3استاد گروه مهندسی آبخیزداری، دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری | ||
| 4دانشیار گروه مهندسی آبخیزداری، دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، نور | ||
| چکیده | ||
| اطلاعات دقیق در مورد منابع رسوب معلق در سامانههای رودخانه‌ای ضروری است، زیرا افزایش عرضۀ رسوبات ریزدانه به یک سامانۀ رودخانه‌ای از طریق فعالیتهای انسانی منجر به بارگذاری بیش از حد رسوب معلق در رودخانهها میشود که بر کیفیت آب و سلامت بومسازگان تأثیر منفی میگذارد. همچنین ،کمیسازی سهم نسبی منابع مختلف رسوبات معلق به منظور تعیین بهترین شیوههای مدیریت کنترل رسوب معلق اهمیت زیادی دارد. بنابراین، نیاز فزایندهای به اطلاعات قابل اعتماد در مورد منشأ رسوبات ریزدانۀ حملشده توسط رودخانهها وجود دارد. هدف از این مطالعه، منشأیابی رسوبات معلق با استفاده از ویژگی‌های ژئوشیمیایی با استفاده از بسته Fingerpro نرم‌افزار R در کاربری/ پوششهای مختلف اراضی حوضۀ آبخیز واز در استان مازندران است. در پژوهش حاضر 30 نمونه خاک از کاربریهای مختلف اراضی شامل جنگل، مرتع، اراضی کشاورزی و همچنین، اراضی کنارههای آبراهه به عنوان منابع تولید رسوب و یک نمونه رسوب معلق در خروجی حوضه برداشت شده و ویژگی‌های ژئوشیمیایی نمونههای خاک و رسوب شامل 59 عنصر با استفاده از دستگاه ICP-OES GBC Integra اندازهگیری شد. سپس، ردیابهای پایا و مناسب از بین 59 عنصر، برای منشأیابی رسوبات معلق با استفاده آزمونهای آماری دامنه، کروسکال والیس و تحلیل تابع تفکیک، در بستۀ Fingerpro نرم‌افزار R شامل K،Li، P، V، Cr، Fe، Cu، Ga، Ge، Rb، Sb، Ba، Nd، Ta و Wانتخاب شد. همچنین، نتایج تفکیک سهم کاربریها/پوششهای اراضی در تولید رسوب معلق با شاخص نکویی برازش 68/80 نشان داد سهم اراضی کشاورزی، مرتع، جنگل و کنارههای آبراهه به‌ترتیب 18/0، 90/7، 69/5 و 21/86 درصد است. در نهایت، سهم ویژۀ هر منبع در تولید رسوب معلق به ازای هر هکتار نیز محاسبه شد و نتایج نشان داد کنارههای آبراهه و جنگل با سهم ویژه 513/0 و 0007/0 درصد به ازای هر هکتار به‌ترتیب بیشترین و کمترین مشارکت را در تولید رسوب معلق در هر هکتار دارند. نتایج همچنین نشان داد سهم ویژۀ اراضی کنار آبراهه به‌ترتیب 62/320، 61/394 و 85/732 برابر سهم ویژۀ کاربریهای کشاورزی، مرتع و جنگل است. نتایج منشأیابی با روش ژئوشیمیایی در این بررسی، اطلاعات ارزشمندی دربارۀ سهم منابع تولید رسوب معلق به منظور اجرای برنامههای مدیریتی برای حفاظت خاک و آب در اختیار مدیران و برنامهریزان قرار میدهد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| انتقال رسوب؛ ردیاب بهینه؛ فرسایش خاک؛ منشأیابی رسوب؛ FingerPro | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Determination of specific contribution of suspended sediment sources in Vaz watershed using geochemical characteristics | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Nabiyeh Karimi1؛ Leila Gholami2؛ Ataollah Kavian3؛ Abdulvahed Khaledi Darvishan4 | ||
| 1Ph.D. Graduate, Department of Watershed Management, Faculty of Natural Resources, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran | ||
| 2Associate Professor, Department of Watershed Management, Faculty of Natural Resources, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran | ||
| 3Professor, Department of Watershed Management, Faculty of Natural Resources, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran | ||
| 4Associate Professor, Department of Watershed Management, Faculty of Natural Resources, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Accurate information about the source of suspended sediment in river systems is necessary because supply enhancement of fine-grained sediments to a river system through human activities leads to overloading of suspended sediment, which affects water quality and the ecosystem. In addition, quantifying the relative contribution of different sources is vital to determine the best methods for suspended sediment control. Therefore, reliable information needs about the origin of transported fine-grained sediments by rivers. The purpose of this study is the fingerprint of suspended sediments using geochemical characteristics using the R software Fingerpro package in various land uses/covers of the Vaz watershed in Mazandaran province. In this research, 30 soil samples were collected from different land use, including forest, rangeland, agricultural land, and the streambank as sources of sediment yield, and one sample of suspended sediment at the outlet watershed. Geochemical characteristics of the soil and 59 sediment samples were measured using the ICP-OES GBC Integra device. Then, suitable tracers were identified for the fingerprint of suspended sediments using range tests, Kruskal-Wallis, and discriminant function analysis, in the Fingerpro package of R software including K, Li, P, V, Cr, Fe, Cu, Ga, Ge, Rb, Sb, Ba, Nd, Ta, and W. The separation results of the land use/covers contribution in the yield of suspended sediment with the GoF index showed with the rate of 80.68 that the contribution of agricultural, rangeland, forest, and streambank was with rates of 0.18, 7.90, 5.69, and 86.21 percent, respectively. Finally, the contribution of each source to the yield of suspended sediment per hectare was calculated. Results showed that the streambanks and forests had the highest and lowest participation in the yield of suspended sediment per hectare with rates of 0.513 and 0.0007 percent, respectively. The results also showed that the special contribution of stream bank lands at land uses for agricultural, rangeland, and the forest was the rates of 320.62, 394.61, and 732.85, respectively. The fingerprint results using the geochemical method for managers and planners provide valuable information about the resource contribution of suspended sediment yield to implement management programs for soil and water conservation. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| FingerPro, Optimal tracer, Sediment fingerprint, Sediment Transfer, Soil Erosion | ||
| مراجع | ||
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آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 256 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 263 |
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