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بررسی تأثیر احداث سد بر پارامترهای اکوهیدرلوژیکی رودخانه (جاجرود- پایین‌دست سد لتیان) | ||
| اکوهیدرولوژی | ||
| دوره 9، شماره 4، دی 1401، صفحه 797-814 اصل مقاله (1.69 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ije.2023.346827.1669 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| مرضیه رضائی1؛ مهدی یاسی* 2؛ جواد فرهودی3 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکتری سازههای آبی گروه مهندسی آبیاری و آبادانی، دانشکدگان کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران | ||
| 2دانشیار گروه مهندسی آبیاری و آبادانی، دانشکدگان کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران | ||
| 3استاد گروه مهندسی آبیاری و آبادانی، دانشکدگان کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| مدیریت پایدار رودخانهها نیازمند ساخت و بهره‌برداری از سدهایی است که جریان محیط زیستی را برای حمایت از اکوسیستم رودخانۀ پایین‌دست فراهم کند. بیشتر سدهای ایران رژیم طبیعی جریان را به‌شدت تغییر داده و باعث آسیبهای محیط زیستی شده‌اند. هدف از این بررسی، ارزیابی تغییرات کمی پارامترهای هیدرولوژیکی جریان و مؤلفههای محیط زیستی رودخانۀ جاجرود در بازۀ پایین‌دست سد لتیان بوده است. در این بررسی، از شاخص تغییرات هیدرولوژیکی و محدودۀ رویکرد تغییرپذیری برای تحلیل دادههای بلند‌مدت جریان در دورۀ 70 ساله (1326ـ 1396) استفاده شد. نتایج نشان می‌دهد درجۀ تغییرات تعداد 24 متغیر جریان در دامنۀ زیاد تا متوسط است، که نشان‌دهندۀ تغییرات زیاد هیدرولوژیکی رودخانۀ جاجرود است. متوسط، بیشینه و کمینۀ جریان در همۀ ماههای سال به‌ترتیب 57، 94 و 21 درصد کاهش یافته است. درجۀ تغییر کل پارامترهای هیدرولوژیکی در این بازه 51 درصد بوده است. مقدار و مدت رخدادهای حدی جریان کاهش داشته است؛ به طوری که جریانهای کمینه و پایه بیشترین تغییر را داشته، و کمترین تغییر مربوط به جریانهای بیشینه بوده است. همچنین، احداث سد باعث حذف سیلابهای بزرگ و کاهش سیلابهای کوچک شده است. نتایج نشان می‌دهد اهداف RVA در دورۀ پس از احداث سد لتیان تأمین نشده و شرایط محیط زیستی رودخانه آسیب شدید دیده است. براساس شاخصهای اکوهیدرولوژیکی، بازتوانی محیط زیست جاجرود در بازۀ پایین‌دست سد نیازمند آزادسازی کمینۀ جریان مورد نیاز ماهانه در دامنۀ 3/2 تا 8/33 مترمکعب بر ثانیه و به طور متوسط 5/6 مترمکعب بر ثانیه است. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| شاخص تغییرات هیدرولوژیکی؛ روش محدودۀ تغییرپذیری؛ جریان محیط زیستی؛ سد لتیان؛ جاجرود | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Investigating the impact of dam construction on the eco-hydrological parameters of rivers (Jajrud River - downstream of Latian Dam) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Marziye Rezaei1؛ Mehdi Yasi2؛ Javad Farhoudi3 | ||
| 1Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Irrigation and Reclamation Engineering, University of Tehran | ||
| 2Associate Professor, Department of Irrigation and Reclamation Engineering, University of Tehran, Iran | ||
| 3Professor, Department of Irrigation and Reclamation Engineering, University of Tehran, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Sustainable river management requires the construction and operation of dams that provide environmental flows to support downstream rivers ecosystem. Dam construction in Iran has significantly altered natural flow regimes and caused various environmental issues. The main aim of the present study was to evaluate the hydrologic and environmental alteration of the flow regime in the Jajrud River downstream of the Latian Dam. In this study, a set of long-term flow data (1947-2017) was analyze using the IHA and RVA models. The results show that the degree of alterations for the 24 flow variables is in the range of high to medium, denoting the high hydrological alterations of the Jajrud River. The values of mean, maximum and minimum monthly flows have decreased by 57, 94 and 21 percent, respectively. The overall change is 51%. Magnitude and duration of annual extreme flows have decreased, and in particular, the minimum flows and the base-flow indices have changed the most. The large flood events has been eliminated and small and frequent floods has been damped in the downstream river system. The results indicate that the goals of RVA have not been achieved in the post-construction period of the Latian Dam, and the environmental conditions of the river have been severely damaged. With reference to the eco-hydrological indices, the rehabilitation of the environment status of the Jajrud River requires the dam releases of minimum monthly flows in order of 2.3 to 33.8 m3/s, with an average annual discharge of 6.5 m3/s. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Indicator of hydrologic alteration (IHA), Range of variability approach (RVA), Environmental flow, Latian Dam, Jajrud River | ||
| مراجع | ||
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