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فینتک و عملکرد شبکة بانکی در ایران (رویکرد مدل خودرگرسیونی با وقفة توزیعی) | ||
مطالعات کشورها | ||
دوره 1، شماره 2، 1402، صفحه 313-351 اصل مقاله (902.6 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jcountst.2023.357682.1028 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
اعظم احمدیان* ؛ مهدی بختیار | ||
گروه بانکداری، پژوهشکدة پولی و بانکی، بانک مرکزی ایران، تهران، ایران. | ||
چکیده | ||
امروزه، اهمیت حضور و ظهور فینتکها، بهخصوص فینتکهای فعال در حوزة مالی، بر کسی پوشیده نیست. اهمیت این موضوع تا بدانجاست که دامنة گستردهای از مطالعات اخیر بر عملکرد فینتکها و رابطة آن با بخش بانکی در سطح بینالملل متمرکز شده است. باتوجه به اهمیت موضوع و با توجه به حضور 50 شرکت فعال فینتکی در ایران، در مطالعات کشورشناسی بررسی این امر در ایران ضروری مینماید. این شرکتهای ایرانی در بخشهای مختلف مدل کسبوکار بانکها وارد شدهاند. بنابراین، حضور آنها عملکرد بانکهای کشور را تحت تأثیر قرار میدهد. در این مقاله، با بهرهمندی از دادههای سری زمانی در دورة ۱۳۷۰ تا ۱۴۰۰ و بهرهمندی از مدل خودرگرسیونی با وقفة توزیعی، اثر فینتکها در کوتاهمدت و بلندمدت بر عملکرد بانکهای کشور بررسی شده است. در این مقاله، فینتکها به دو گروه فینتکهای رقیب و غیررقیب تقسیم شده است. از معیار عمر فینتکها بهعنوان معیار حضور فینتکها و از معیار بازده دارایی بهعنوان معیار عملکرد بانکها استفاده شده است. نتایج حاصل از صحت مدل حاوی موارد زیر است: نرمالبودن توزیع جملات پسماند، نبود همبستگی سریالی، وجود واریانس همسانی و وجود رابطة بلندمدت. نتایج بررسی نشان میدهد بین فینتکها و عملکرد بانکها رابطة معنادار هست، بهطوریکه در بلندمدت هر دو فینتک رقیب و غیررقیب اثر منفی بر سودآوری بانکها دارد. اما، در کوتاهمدت فینتکهای غیررقیب رابطة مثبت و فینتکهای رقیب، بهجز کرادفاندینگها و لندتکها، با سودآوری بانکها رابطة منفی دارد. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
سودآوری؛ فینتک رقیب؛ فینتک غیررقیب؛ مدل خودرگرسیونی با وقفة توزیعی | ||
عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
Fintech and the performance of Iranian banking network (Autoregressive distributed lag) | ||
نویسندگان [English] | ||
Azam Ahmadyan؛ Mehdi Bakhtiar | ||
Department of Banking, Monetary and Banking Research Institute, Central Bank of Iran, Tehran, Iran. | ||
چکیده [English] | ||
Today, the importance of the presence and emergence of fintech, especially fintech active in the financial field, is not hidden from anyone. The importance of this matter is to the extent that a wide range of recent studies has been conducted on the performance of fintech and their relationship with the banking sector at the international level. In Iran, there are more than 50 fintech companies that have entered into various sectors of the banks' business model. Therefore, their presence can affect the performance of Iranian banks. In this article, using the ARDL model and time series data during 1991-2021, the effect of fintech in the short and long term on the performance of Iranian banks has been investigated. In this article, fintechs are divided into two groups: competing fintech and non-competing fintech. Fintech lifetime has been used as a measure of fintech presence. The return on assets has been used as banks' performance. The results of the accuracy of the model indicate the normality of the distribution of residual, the absence of serial correlation, the existence of homogeneity variance and the existence of the long-term relationship. The results of the survey show a significant relationship between fintech and the banks' profitability. So, in the long run, both competing and non-competing fintech have a negative effect on banks' profitability. But, in the short term, non-competing fintech has a positive relationship, and competing fintech, except for crowdfunding and land techs, has a negative relationship with banks' profitability. | ||
کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
ARDL, competitive fintech, non-competitive fintech, profitability | ||
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مراجع | ||
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