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معرفی و ارزیابی شاخص بهرهوری نسبی اقتصادی آب | ||
تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران | ||
دوره 54، شماره 7، مهر 1402، صفحه 1095-1114 اصل مقاله (1.54 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijswr.2023.358941.669495 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
حسین جعفری* 1؛ فریبرز عباسی*2 | ||
1سازمان تحقیقات آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، موسسه تحقیقات خاک و آب، بخش آبیاری و فیزیک خاک، کرج، ایران | ||
2سازمان تحقیقات آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، موسسه تحقیقات فنی و مهندسی کشاورزی، بخش آبیاری و زهکشی، کرج، ایران | ||
چکیده | ||
در حوزه کشاورزی و در ارزیابی عملکرد گیاهان زراعی و باغی از شاخصهای بهرهوری فیزیکی آب (WPPa)، بهرهوری اقتصادی آب (WPEa)، شکاف بهرهوری فیزیکی (WPGP) و اقتصادی آب (WPGe) استفاده میشود. در شاخص WPPa قیمت محصول و هزینههای صرف شده در نظر گرفته نمیشود و شاخص WPEa نیز نه تنها تحت تاثیر تورم و سیاست تنظیم بازار قرار میگیرد، بلکه اثر خاک و اقلیم، در مقدار آن دخالت داده نمیشود. شاخصهای WPGPو WPGe هم به دلیل تفاوت در ماهیت عملکرد گیاهان مختلف، ارزیابی دقیقی از بهرهوری آب گیاهان ارائه نمیدهد. معرفی شاخصی که معایب مذکور را نداشته باشد، ضروری به نظر میرسد. در این پژوهش شاخص بهرهوری نسبی اقتصادی آب معرفی، و برای هر یک از عوامل موثر بر تولیدات کشاورزی شامل خاک، گیاه، اقلیم، مدیریت آبیاری و تورم ارزیابی و با شاخصهای WPPa، KWPp WPEa، WPGP و WPGe مقایسه شد. نتایج نشان داد که شاخص بهرهوری نسبی اقتصادی آب، بر خلاف سایر شاخصها، متناسب با توان تولید خاک و اقلیم منطقه و هر نوع مدیریت بهزراعی و بدون اثرپذیری از ماهیت متفاوت عملکرد گیاهان زراعی، تورم (اقتصاد)، بهرهوری آب را در گیاهان مختلف ارزیابی می-کند. چون در شاخص KWPe، بهرهوری آب هر گیاه، بر اساس شرایط پتانسیل برآورد میشود لذا با این شاخص میتوان بهرهوری گیاهان مختلف در مناطق مختلف را با هم مقایسه کرد. بهطوریکه شاخص WPGe میانگین بهرهوری آب برای گندم و جو در خاکهای مختلف را مساوی ( toman/m33973) برآورد نمود ولی شاخص KWPe در همین شرایط، بهرهوری آب گندم و جو را بهترتیب 67/0 و 33/0 برآورد نمود. همچنین شاخص KWPp بهرهوری آب گندم و ذرت را برابر 42/0 تخمین زد، در حالیکه شاخص KWPe به دلیل بالا بودن قیمت ذرت نسبت به گندم، برای این دو محصول بهترتیب مقادیر 36/0 و 4/0 را برآورد نمود. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
اقلیم؛ اقتصاد؛ پتانسیل تولید اراضی؛ شکاف بهرهوری | ||
عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
Introducing and evaluation of relative economic water productivity index | ||
نویسندگان [English] | ||
hossein jafari1؛ Fariborz Abbasi2 | ||
1Agricultural Education and Extension Research Organization, Soil and Water Research Institute, Irrigation and Soil Physics Department, Karaj, Iran | ||
2Agricultural Education and Extension Research Organization, Agricultural Engineering Research Institute (AERI), Irrigation and Drainage Department, Karaj, Iran | ||
چکیده [English] | ||
In the agricultural sector, indicators of physical productivity (WPPa), economic productivity (WPEa), physical (WPGp) and economic productivity gap (WPGe) of water are used to evaluate the performance of farmers and gardeners. The WPPa index, does not consider the price and costs of the product. The WPEa index is not only affected by inflation and market regulation policy, but also does not take into account the effect of the region's soil and climate. The WPGP and WPGe indices do not provide an accurate evaluation of water productivity of plants due to the difference in the nature of the performance of different plants. Purpose: In this study a new index is introduced that does not have any the aforementioned disadvantages. Material and method: A relative economic water productivity index was introduced and evaluated using different data for each of the factors affecting agricultural production, including soil, plant, climate, management and inflation, and it was compared with the WPPa, WPEa, WPGP and WPGe indices. Results: The results showed that unlike other indicators, the relative economic water productivity index evaluated water productivity in different plants compared to other indicators in proportion to the production capacity of the soil and the climate of the region for any type of agricultural management without being affected by the different nature of crop plants performance and inflation (economy). Because in the KWPe index, the water productivity of each plant is estimated based on the potential conditions and these conditions are unique for each plant and in each region and climate and under each agricultural management, therefore, the productivity of different plants in different regions can be compared only with this index. So that the WPGe index estimated the average value of water productivity for wheat and barley in different soils to be equal (3973 toman/m3), but the KWPe index estimated water productivity of wheat and barley at 0.67 and 0.33, respectively. Also, the KWPp index estimated the same value for water productivity of wheat and corn as 0.42, but the KWPe index estimated 0.36 and 0.4 for wheat and corn respectively due to the high price of corn compared to wheat. | ||
کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
Climate, Economy, Land production potential & Productivity gap | ||
مراجع | ||
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