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A Rural Development Perspective on the Use of Children in Ghana’s Cocoa Farms | ||
| پژوهشهای روستائی | ||
| دوره 14، شماره 4، اسفند 1402، صفحه 764-777 اصل مقاله (490.65 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jrur.2023.357894.1831 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| Enoch Kwame Tham-Agyekum* 1؛ Nana Kwame Baah Frimpong2؛ John-Eudes Andivi Bakang2؛ Jafaru Zuwairatu3؛ Issahaku Sumaya2؛ Ebenezer Osei Jones4؛ Rashid Abdul Boduwah2 | ||
| 1Department of Agricultural Economics, Agribusiness and Extension Faculty of Agriculture College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, KNUST | ||
| 2Department of Agricultural Economics, Agribusiness and Extension | ||
| 3Department of Agricultural Economics, Agribusiness and Extension Faculty of Agriculture College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, KNUST | ||
| 4AAMUSTED, Mampong-Kumasi | ||
| چکیده | ||
| This study takes a rural development perspective to examine the various reasons behind the use of children under 18 years in cocoa farms in Ghana. Using descriptive research, a sample size of 385 cocoa farmers was selected through the multi-stage sampling technique. The analyses included mean, standard deviation, frequency, percentage, and perception index. Although the level of usage of children on cocoa farms was relatively low (74%), majority of the children were involved in nursing of cocoa seedlings (87.8%), digging of holes for seedlings (76.3%), gathering of pods (55.7%) and heaping of pods (53.9%). Farmers involved children on cocoa farms for the following three reasons; to acquire indigenous knowledge of farming patterns (Mean=2.18), it is a way of life to learn their parents' occupation (Mean=2.18), and income source of the household (Mean=2.11). The challenge most farmers face in the use of children for farm activities is the fact that the children do not meet the required strength/energy (Mean=2.48). Policy efforts towards the complete eradication of using children under 18 years on cocoa farms must take into consideration the rural nature of the environments in which cocoa farming takes place in order not for it to backfire as is the case currently. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| Child Labor؛ Child Work؛ Cocoa Farmers؛ Rural Development؛ Ghana | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| A Rural Development Perspective on the Use of Children in Ghana’s Cocoa Farms | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Enoch Kwame Tham-Agyekum1؛ Nana Kwame Baah Frimpong2؛ John-Eudes Andivi Bakang2؛ Jafaru Zuwairatu3؛ Issahaku Sumaya2؛ Ebenezer Osei Jones4؛ Rashid Abdul Boduwah2 | ||
| 1Department of Agricultural Economics, Agribusiness and Extension Faculty of Agriculture College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, KNUST | ||
| 2Faculty of Agriculture | ||
| 3Department of Agricultural Economics, Agribusiness and Extension Faculty of Agriculture College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, KNUST | ||
| 4AAMUSTED, Mampong-Kumasi | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| This study takes a rural development perspective to examine the various reasons behind the use of children under 18 years in cocoa farms in Ghana. Using descriptive research, a sample size of 385 cocoa farmers was selected through the multi-stage sampling technique. The analyses included mean, standard deviation, frequency, percentage, and perception index. Although the level of usage of children on cocoa farms was relatively low (74%), majority of the children were involved in nursing of cocoa seedlings (87.8%), digging of holes for seedlings (76.3%), gathering of pods (55.7%) and heaping of pods (53.9%). Farmers involved children on cocoa farms for the following three reasons; to acquire indigenous knowledge of farming patterns (Mean=2.18), it is a way of life to learn their parents' occupation (Mean=2.18), and income source of the household (Mean=2.11). The challenge most farmers face in the use of children for farm activities is the fact that the children do not meet the required strength/energy (Mean=2.48). Policy efforts towards the complete eradication of using children under 18 years on cocoa farms must take into consideration the rural nature of the environments in which cocoa farming takes place in order not for it to backfire as is the case currently. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Child Labor, Child Work, Cocoa Farmers, Rural Development, Ghana | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
ACHD (2004). Report on the Rapid Assessment on Child Labor in Selected Cocoa Growing Communities in Ghana, Study commissioned by ILO/IPEC/WACAP, African Centre for Human Development, Accra, Ghana. | ||
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