مقایسۀ برخی شاخص‌های پاسچرال و فانکشنال در سالمندان با و بدون سابقۀ افتادن

اسماعیلی, کوثر; محمدعلی نسب فیروزجاه, ابراهیم; همایون نیا فیروزجاه, مرتضی; هاور, هیدر

doi:10.22059/jsmdl.2023.365262.1747

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	مقایسۀ برخی شاخص‌های پاسچرال و فانکشنال در سالمندان با و بدون سابقۀ افتادن
رشد و یادگیری حرکتی ورزشی
دوره 16، شماره 2، خرداد 1403، صفحه 35-51 اصل مقاله (955 K)
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی Released under CC BY-NC 4.0 license I Open Access I
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jsmdl.2023.365262.1747
نویسندگان
کوثر اسماعیلی¹؛ ابراهیم محمدعلی نسب فیروزجاه^* ²؛ مرتضی همایون نیا فیروزجاه³؛ هیدر هاور⁴
¹گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی و حرکات اصلاحی، دانشکدۀ علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران.
²گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی و حرکات اصلاحی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه ، ایران.
³گروه آموزش تربیت بدنی، دانشگاه فرهنگیان، تهران، ایران.
⁴دانشکده پزشکی سن دیگو، دانشگاه کالیفرنیا، ایالات متحده امریکا.
چکیده
مقدمه: افتادن یکی از مسائل جدی دوران سالمندی است که در نتیجۀ عوامل بسیاری رخ می‌دهد. هدف از تحقیق حاضر، مقایسۀ تعادل ایستا و پویا، سرعت راه رفتن، انحنای ستون فقرات و ثبات مرکزی سالمندان با و بدون سابقۀ افتادن بود. روش پژوهش: پژوهش حاضر از نوع تحقیقات علی ـ مقایسه‌ای بود. 60 نفر از زنان سالمند با دامنۀ سنی 60 تا 70 سال تبریز به‌صورت داوطلبانه در تحقیق شرکت کردند. آزمودنی‌ها به دو گروه با و بدون سابقۀ افتادن تقسیم شدند. سابقۀ زمین خوردن داوطلبان توسط پرسشنامۀ سابقۀ افتادن سنجیده شد. تعادل ایستا و پویا به‌ترتیب با آزمون‌های شارپند رومبرگ و زمان برخاستن و راه رفتن زمان‌دار ارزیابی شد. سرعت راه رفتن با آزمون 10 متر راه رفتن، ثبات مرکزی با آزمون مک‌گیل و انحنای ستون فقرات با خط کش منعطف ارزیابی شد. برای مقایسۀ میانگین متغیرها در دو گروه از آزمون آماری تی مستقل استفاده شد. یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد که بین شاخص‌های تعادل ایستا و پویا، انحنای ستون فقرات کمری، سرعت راه رفتن و ثبات مرکزی در سالمندان با و بدون سابقۀ افتادن تفاوت معناداری وجود داشت. اما بین شاخص انحنای ستون فقرات پشتی در سالمندان با و بدون سابقۀ افتادن تفاوت معناداری وجود نداشت. نتیجه‌گیری: با توجه به نتایج پژوهش، توسعه و بهبود شاخص‌های تعادل، سرعت راه رفتن و ثبات مرکزی در افراد با سابقۀ افتادن ضروری به‌نظر می‌رسد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
پاسچر؛ تعادل؛ سابقه افتادن؛ سالمندان؛ ثبات مرکزی
عنوان مقاله [English]
Comparison of Some Postural and Functional Factors in the Elderly With and Without a History of Falling
نویسندگان [English]
Kosar Esmaeili¹؛ Ebrahim Mohammad Ali Nasab Firouzjah²؛ Morteza Homayounnia Firouzjah³؛ Heather Hower⁴
¹Department of exercise Physiology and Corrective exercise, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
²Department of Exercises Physiology and Corrective Exercises, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Urmia University , Urmia, Iran.
³Department of Physical Education, Farhangian University, Tehran , Iran.
⁴University of California at San Diego School of Medicine, United States.
چکیده [English]
Introduction: Falling is one of the serious issues of old age that occurs due to many factors. This research aimed to compare static and dynamic balance, walking speed, spinal curvature, and central stability of elderly people with and without a history of falling. Methods: The current research was a causal-comparative research. 60 elderly women aged between 60 and 70 from Tabriz voluntarily participated in the research. The participants were assigned into two groups with and without a history of falling. The fall history of the participants was measured by the Fall Efficacy Scale. The static and dynamic balance were evaluated by Sharpened-Romberg and Timed Up and Go tests, respectively. Walking speed was measured with a 10-meter walk test, core stability was measured with McGill endurance tests, and spinal curvature was measured with a flexible ruler. Independent t-test was used to compare the mean variables in two groups. Results: The results showed a significant difference between the static and dynamic balance indices, lumbar spine curvature, walking speed, and core stability in the elderly with and without a history of falling. However, there was no significant difference between the curvature index of the lumbar spine in the elderly with and without a history of falling. Conclusion: According to the research results, it seems necessary to develop and improve the indices of balance, walking speed, and core stability in people with a history of falling.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
Balance, Central stability, Elderly, History of Falls, Posture

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مقایسۀ برخی شاخص‌های پاسچرال و فانکشنال در سالمندان با و بدون سابقۀ افتادن