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نقش مهاجرت معکوس در توسعه اقتصادی (مورد مطالعه روستاهای شهرستان نطنز) | ||
| پژوهشهای جغرافیای انسانی | ||
| مقالات آماده انتشار، پذیرفته شده، انتشار آنلاین از تاریخ 19 دی 1402 اصل مقاله (1.6 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مستخرج از پایان نامه | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jhgr.2024.367579.1008645 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| محمدحسین زارعی ابیانه* 1؛ محمد سلمانی2؛ مجتبی قدیری معصوم3؛ علیرضا دربان آستانه3؛ زهرا ترکاشوند4 | ||
| 1دانشکده جغرافیا - دانشگاه تهران | ||
| 2دانشیار دانشکده جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران | ||
| 3دانشکده جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران | ||
| 4عضو هیئت علمی دانشگاه تهران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| اهداف: ایجاد کسب وکار یکی از زمینه‌هایی است که قادر است نواحی روستایی را از ناتوانی خارج کند. پیش نیاز محقق شدن این مهم، شناخت مراکز دارای امتیاز و اولویت در سه بخش کشاورزی، صنعت و خدمات و مطالعه ظرفیت‌های بالقوه موجود طبیعی و بومی ساکنان روستایی می باشد. این پژوهش با هدف شناسایی نقش مهاجرت معکوس در توسعه اقتصادی روستاهای شهرستان نطنز از استان اصفهان انجام شد. روششناسی: در این پژوهش توصیفی – تحلیلی در روستاهای هدف مهاجرت معکوس در پنج دهستان برزرود، کرکس، امام زاده، خالدآباد و طرق رود از شهرستان نطنز انجام شد. نمونه‌ها مطابق با فرمول کوکران به تعداد 381 نفر از 24 روستا انتخاب شدند. اطلاعات از طریق مطالعات میدانی و با استفاده از ابزار پرسشنامه محقق ساخته جمع آوری شدند. برای تعیین پایایی و روایی ابزار پژوهش از روش ضریب آلفای کرونباخ و روش اعتبار محتوا استفاده شد. داده‌ها با بهره گرفتن از آزمون T تک نمونه ای و T تست و آزمون تحلیل عاملی و مدل معادلات ساختاری مورد بررسی در تحلیل عاملی در محیط نرم افزار SPSS تحلیل شد. یافته‌ها: ۶ بعد (شاخص) و ۴۷ متغیر به عنوان نقش مهاجرت معکوس در توسعه اقتصادی روستاهای شهرستان نطنز شناسایی و در چارچوب پرسشنامه مورد سنجش قرار گرفت. اعتماد و اطمینان پرسشنامه با ضریب آلفای کرونباخ ۹۴۸/۰ تایید شد. نتایج تحلیل عاملی نشان داد عوامل مختلفی در مهاجرت معکوس نقش داشته است که از بین آن‌ها بعد سرمایه‌گذاری با مقدار ویژه ۳.۴۴ و درصد واریانس تبیین شده ۴۲.۲۰۷ بالاترین و بعد درآمد با مقدار ویژه ۱.۴۰۳ و درصد واریانس تبیین شده ۳.۷۰۵ کمترین تاثیر را دربین ابعاد داشته است. در مجموع ابعاد عوامل موثر در مهاجرت معکوس ۷۱.۶۸۲ درصد از مجموع واریانس مهاجرت را تبیین کرده است. نتیجه‌گیری: نتایج بررسی و مطالعه نقش مهاجران بازگشتی در توسعه اقتصادی روستاهای شهرستان نطنز را تایید می‌کند. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| تحلیل عاملی؛ توسعه اقتصادی؛ توسعه روستایی؛ شهرستان نطنز؛ مهاجرت معکوس | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| The Role of Reverse Migration in the Economic Development of Villages in Natanz City | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Mohammad Hossein Zarei Abyaneh1؛ Mohammad Salmani2؛ Mojtaba Ghadiri Masoum3؛ Alireza Darban Astane3؛ Zahra Torkashvand4 | ||
| 1Faculty of Geography - University of Tehran | ||
| 2Professor in Geography Faculty, University of tehran | ||
| 3Faculty of Geography, University of Tehran | ||
| 4ut.ac.ir | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Creating a business is one of the fields that can remove rural areas from poverty. Creation and prosperity of business in the fields of services, agriculture and industry. The prerequisite for the realization of this importance is to know the privileged and priority centers in the three mentioned sectors and to study the natural and indigenous potential capacities of the rural residents. This research was carried out with the aim of identifying the role of reverse migration in the economic development of five rural villages in Natanz city of Isfahan province. According to the field observations of the villages of Natanz city, especially the statistical population of these villages, they have resources, potential and potential abilities, which with its natural attractions and calmness are very suitable and desirable for residence. And the main cause of their flourishing works by actualizing potentials. In developing countries, including Iran, the rapid population movements show reverse migration planning. Considering the cultural characteristics and the special situation of Natanz county, which has received a significant number of reverse immigrants in recent years, it is necessary to investigate the role of reverse migration in the economic development of the villages of this county. The general purpose of this research is to investigate and analyze the role of reverse migration in the economic development of villages in Natanz city. From a practical point of view, the results of such research provide solutions to the country's managers to implement better planning to prevent migration and encourage migrants to return. This research tries to answer these questions: What is the role of reverse migration in economic development in the studied area? Investigating the dimensions of factors affecting reverse migration in the villages of Natanz city. Methodology: In this research, it was carried out in the target villages of reverse migration in five villages of Natanz city. The samples were selected according to Cochran's formula in the number of 381 people from 24 villages. Information was collected through field studies and using a researcher-made questionnaire tool. The data were analyzed using a one-sample T-test, factor analysis test, and structural equation model under factor analysis in SPSS software environment. Findings: Considering the frequency of variables used for leveling (47 variables in the first step) and the importance of evaluating more important variables as well as determining the weight and importance of each variable, the factor analysis method was used. In order to determine the factor analysis of the dimensions of the factors affecting the reverse skill from city to village, exploratory factor analysis was used with the data summarization approach. In order to determine the desirability of the collected data for factor analysis, the KMO coefficient and Bartlett's statistic were used In total, the dimensions of effective factors in reverse migration have explained 71.682% of the total variance of migration. The results of the investigation and study confirm the role of returning immigrants in the economic development of Natanz city. path coefficient of the dimensions of the factors affecting reverse migration show a 62% effect of income improvement on purchasing demand and a 70% effect of family employment on improving income and a 64% effect of idea creation on investment and a 67% effect of purchasing demand on communication infrastructure. And the impact of 55% of investment is on family employment. The results of the investigation and study confirm the role of returning immigrants in the economic development of the villages of Natanz city. According to the research indicators, it can be said that with the emergence of positive developments in Natanz city in the future, we will observe more dominance of reverse migration over traditional ones, considering the attractiveness of villages in Natanz city, especially villages that have advantages such as easy access to the city, proximity to the city, establishment Near the tourist centers, the right altitude, the right temperature, the appearance of a big wave of migration to these areas will not be far away. CONCLUSION Among the spatial-spatial features related to rural areas"lack of welfare and civil services" has played a special role in the appearance of the driver of migration to the city. However, with the development of welfare-civil services, the sector and belonging to the original birthplace, the However, with the development of welfare-civil services, the increase in the income of the agricultural sector and belonging to the original birthplace, the return of immigrants to rural areas is provided. In general, reverse migration in Natanz city can be attributed to the following factorse 1- Climate 2- Topographic 3- History of Natanz city. The results of this research are related to the research of Shaojun Chen and Wurong Liu (2020) urban repulsion factors and urban attraction factors play a role in the migration from the city to the countryside. It is associated with the studies of Stockdali (2014) in relation to urban repulsions such as the inability to create jobs in cities and rural attractions such as age and retirement. It is associated with the studies of Edival (2015) in relation to urban repulsions such as high living costs, lack of job security and rural attractions such as retirement. It is related to the studies of Matiei Langroudi and colleagues (1390) in the field of rural attractions, such as obtaining more income, increasing relative welfare, reducing vulnerability, and improving human dignity for migrants returning to rural areas. It is related to the studies of Ghasemi et al. (2013) in relation to return migration, from the point of view of immigrants, it is "job need" from the economic point of view, "suitable climate" from the natural point of view, and "the village's use of activities, tools, and abilities" from the social point of view. It is associated with the studies of Afarakhte et al. (2015) in the field of economic, civil, social and cultural-ethnic causes that have the least effect on reverse migration from the city to the countryside. In relation to age and retirement, the findings of her research show that 34.4% of immigrants migrated because of the peace of the village and retirement. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Economic development, Factor Analysis, Natanz city, Reverse migration, Rural development | ||
| مراجع | ||
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آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 282 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 146 |
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