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اثر اقتصادی روش های برداشت شیرابه گیاه دارویی Ferula assa foetida L بر بهره برداران روستایی در مراتع شهرستان سبزوار (مطالعه موردی: مراتع کال سه گوش و دهنه گودال) | ||
| پژوهشهای جغرافیای انسانی | ||
| مقالات آماده انتشار، پذیرفته شده، انتشار آنلاین از تاریخ 02 بهمن 1402 اصل مقاله (1.66 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مستخرج از پایان نامه | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jhgr.2024.354008.1008578 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| نرجس استیری* 1؛ فاطمه منتظری2؛ اسماعیل فیله کش3؛ رضا تمرتاش4 | ||
| 1دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی ساری | ||
| 2گروه مرتعداری- دانشکده منابع طبیعی- دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ایران | ||
| 3دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران | ||
| 4گروه مرتعداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| Ferula assa foetid L. با نام فارسی آنغوزه یکی از گیاهان مهم مرتعی ایران است که علاوه بر نقشی که در حفاظت خاک بر عهده دارد. از آن شیرابه ای به دست می آید که ارزش دارویی و صنعتی فراوان و نیز منبع درآمد با ارزشی برای روستائیان و صادرکنندگان به شمار می رود. با توجه به اهمیت گونههای گیاهان دارویی به ویژه جنس Ferula assa foetid L. در عرصه‌های منابع طبیعی شهرستان سبزوار روشهای برداشت و اثرات اقتصادی آن مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت تا ضمن حفظ این گونههای ارزشمند در مراتع، بیشترین بهره وری نیز انجام گیرد تا بتوان با کاربرد نتایج حاصل از آن و با توجه به خصوصیات مناطق مورد مطالعه این گیاه را توسعه داد و توان اقتصادی بهره برداران روستایی را بالا برد. در این پژوهش اثر اقتصادی و روش برداشت شیره در 2 منطقه در شهرستان ششتمد (سبزوار) برای استحصال شیرابه آنغوزه مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. این بررسی در قالب طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی در 2 منطقه، با 2 روش برداشت (روش افقی و روش عمودی) و 2 نوع تعداد برش (8 برش و 10 برش) اجرا شد. نمونه‌های گیاهی به صورت تصادفی و در مجموع تعداد 40 پایه گیاهی در دو رویشگاه انتخاب گردید. نتایج حاصله نشان می دهد که بین مناطق برداشت، روش تیغ زنی و تعداد تیغ زنی اختلاف معنی دار وجود دارد. میزان درآمد بهره بردار در منطقه دهنه گودال بیشتر از کال سه گوش است. همچنین روش تیغ زنی عمودی با 8 بار برداشت در آمد بیشتری از 10 بار تیغ زنی به بهره بردار می دهد. در مناطق مورد مطالعه نوع روش تیغ زنی عمودی شیره بیشتری نسبت به روش تیغ زنی افقی داشته است. اثرات متقابل منطقه با روش تیغ زنی و نیز منطقه با تعداد تیغ زنی اختلاف معنی دار ندارند. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| آنغوزه؛ شیرابه؛ روش تیغ زنی؛ تعداد برداشت؛ درآمد بهره بردار | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| The economic effect of the methods of extracting the sap of Ferula assa foetida L on rural users in the Rangeland of Sabzevar city (Case study: Segoosh and Dahne Godal) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| narjes estiri1؛ fatemeh montazeri2؛ esmaeil filehkesh3؛ Reza tamartash4 | ||
| 1agricultural and natural resources university | ||
| 2Department of Range Management - Faculty of Natural Resources - University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Sari, Iran | ||
| 3Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran | ||
| 4Department of Range Management, Faculty of Natural Resources, Sari University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Considering that in the two pastures of Dehne Gudal and Kal Segosh, the Anghuzeh revitalization and exploitation plan has been prepared and regulated by the General Directorate of Natural Resources and Watershed Management of Razavi Khorasan Province and its products have been harvested and extracted by the beneficiaries. A study on the comparison of harvesting methods and its economic effects on rural communities in Sabzevar region has not been done so far. Considering that the exploitation age of this plant is about one to four years, it seems necessary to find the appropriate frequency for each period of exploitation. Due to the high price and good exchange rate of this product, the employment of the villagers will be provided. Considering the various uses of this plant's sap in the food, pharmaceutical, etc. industries, it is important to provide suitable methods for the users, and it is possible to help the survival of this species by adopting the correct methods of exploitation. And culture-building regarding the correct methods of sustainable exploitation and the support of governmental and non-governmental organizations can prevent the risk of extinction of this type of plant. Also, due to the importance of medicinal plant species, especially the Ferula genus, in the field of natural resources in this city, it is necessary that harvesting methods and its economic effects are explored in order to preserve these valuable species in pastures, the most Productivity should also be done so that this plant can be developed by applying the results and according to the characteristics of the studied areas and increase the economic power of rural communities. Anghuzeh, it is one of the important plants of Iran's pastures, which in addition to its role in soil protection. A sap is obtained from it, which has great medicinal and industrial value, as well as a valuable source of income for villagers and exporters. The exploitation of this species should be done in such a way that, while creating a stable income for the residents of the region, the regeneration and survival of the species is not endangered. Considering the importance of medicinal plant species, especially the genus Ferula assa foetid L., in the fields of natural resources of Sabzevar city, harvesting methods and its economic effects were studied in order to preserve these valuable species in pastures, the most Productivity should also be done so that this plant can be developed by applying the results and considering the characteristics of the studied areas and increase the economic power of the rural users. In this research, the economic effect and method of sap harvesting in 2 areas (Cal Segosh and Dehne Gudal) in Sheshtamed (Sabzvar) city for the extraction of Anghuzeh sap were investigated. The scope of the Sabzevar pit mouth exploitation plan is located with an area of about 2214.7 hectares, at a distance of about 45 kilometers to the southeast of Sabzevar city. The access roads inside the area are dirt roads, and the latrines of the area include a pit, a chalk spring inside the area, and the wells of Gazbar, Mirza Yusuf, and latrine Rahim, which are located outside the area. The geographic location of the crater area with coordinates in the UTM metric system (longitude 578987 to 586435 and latitude 3961544 to 3967231) and coordinates in degrees and minutes of longitude 29 52 º57 to 24 57 º57 and latitude 39 47 35 to 46 50 It is 35º. The scope of Sabzevar Triangle Kal Exploitation Project with an area of about 2995 hectares is located at a distance of about 59 kilometers southeast of Sabzevar city. Access roads inside the area include an asphalt road and dirt roads located outside the area. The wells of the region include Baluchak well, which is located inside the area, and Midandak, Cheshme Shur, Chah Teresh, Shahr Sokhte, which are located outside the area. Sangard dam is located 3 km from the study area. The geographic location of this area with the UTM metric system is 590178 to 599957 longitude and 3954047 to 3963397 latitude and the coordinates in degrees and minutes are 50 59 57º to 23 06 º58 and 35 43 º35 to 38 48 º35 degrees. be This study was carried out in the form of a randomized complete block design in 2 areas, with 2 harvesting methods (horizontal method and vertical method) and 2 types of number of cuttings (8 cuttings and 10 cuttings). The plant samples were randomly selected and a total of 40 plants were selected in two habitats. The sale price of Shirabeh and Anghuzeh was deducted as the income and costs of the work, including the supervisor's fee, the property rights of natural resources, and the implementation costs. And the net income is considered as the exclusive income of each operator. The results show that there is a significant difference at the 1% level (P≤0.01) between the harvesting areas, threshing method and number of threshing. It is more than region 1 (Cal segoosh). Also, the vertical threshing method with 8 times of harvesting gives more yield than 10 times of threshing. In the studied areas, the type of vertical threshing method has more sap than the threshing method. had a horizontal. The mutual effects of the region with the method of shaving and the region with the number of shaving are not significantly different. (P≥ 0.05 according to the daily sales prices of the produced products, the daily income of each farmer was calculated as 440 thousand tomans, which with Paying attention to the worker's wage (at the time of investigation) is almost 2 times the daily wage of an ordinary worker in the village. This income is important for the villagers in view of the problems of employment in rural areas and the lack of productive work, and most of the workers with this income and Other side incomes support themselves and their families throughout the year. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Anghuzeh, sap, threshing method, number of harvests, user', s income | ||
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آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 75 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 69 |
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