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منشأ یخچالی کربنات‌ها در افق‌های کلسیک و پتروکلسیک خاک‌های تشکیل‌شده بر روی نهشته‌های یخچالی دامنه جنوبی رشته کوه البرز | ||
| تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران | ||
| دوره 54، شماره 12، اسفند 1402، صفحه 1963-1979 اصل مقاله (1.97 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijswr.2023.363088.669542 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| احمد حیدری* 1؛ عباس کردپورکرمانشاهی1؛ علیرضا راهب2 | ||
| 1گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران | ||
| 2استادیار گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک-پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| انحلال دی‌اکسیدکربن در آب، یکی از منابع کربنات‌های خاک می‌باشد که با دمای آب رابطه معکوس دارد. منشأ کربنات‌های خاکساخت تشکیل‌یافته در رسوبات یخچالی و تأثیر فرآیندهای یخچالی بر تشکیل آن‌ها بررسی شد. این مطالعه در سال 1400 در استان البرز انجام گرفت و هشت خاک‌رخ در منطقه کرج و هشتگرد با کاربری مرتع و اقلیم نیمه‌خشک تشریح و نمونه‌برداری شدند. مواد مادری خاک‌رخ‌های مورد مطالعه، رسوبات یخچالی آبرفتی می‌باشند. خصوصیات فیزیکی و شیمیایی 27 نمونه برداشت‌شده از افق‌های ژنتیکی خاک‌رخ‌ها شامل بافت خاک (قبل و بعد از حذف کربنات‌ها) با روش هیدرومتر،pH وEC در عصاره اشباع، کربن آلی به روش والکلی-بلک، کربنات کلسیم معادل (CCE) با روش کلسیمتری و ظرفیت تبادل کاتیونی (CEC) با روش استات آمونیوم اندازه‌گیری شدند. تشریح و رده‌بندی خاک‌ها براساس سامانه رده‌بندی آمریکایی انجام شد. مطالعه میکرومورفولوژی نمونه‌های دست‌نخورده (قبل و بعد از حذف کربنات‌ها)، پس از تلقیح نمونه‌ها با رزین پلی‌استر، برش و سایش و چسباندن بر روی لام‌های شیشه‌ای و کاهش ضخامت به حدود ۳۰ میکرون انجام شد. آنالیز تصاویر با میکروسکوپ پلاریزان و تشریح و تفسیر نتایج بر اساس راهنمای تشریح مقاطع نازک صورت پذیرفت. نتایج نشان داد که افق‌های پتروکلسیک تشکیل‌شده بر روی تیل‌ها و مورن‌های یخچالی، حاصل نفوذ درازمدت آب سرد غنی از کربنات محلول در درون خاک است. این مدل تشکیل کربنات‌های ثانویه در خاک با سایر مدل‌هایی که عمدتاً منشأ تشکیل کربنات‌ها را انحلال و تبلور مجدد کربنات‌های اولیه و یا تنفس زیستی ریشه و موجودات زنده می‌داند، متفاوت است. این تحقیق ثابت کرد که انحلال دی‌اکسیدکربن در آب سرد یکی از منابع کربنات‌ها در خاک است. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| رسوبات یخچالی؛ میکرومورفولوژی؛ کربنات‌ها؛ دی‌اکسید کربن (CO2)؛ حذف کربنات‌ها | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| The glacial origin of carbonates in the calcic and petrocalcic horizons of the soils developed on glacial deposits in the southern Alborz Mountain slope | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Ahmad Heidari1؛ Abbas Kordpour Kermanshahi1؛ Alireza Raheb2 | ||
| 1Department of Soil Science, ّFaculty of Agriculture. University of Tehran | ||
| 2soil science department-University of Tehran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The dissolution of carbon dioxide in water is one of the sources of soil carbonates, which have an inverse relationship with water temperature. The origin of soil-forming carbonates formed in glacial sediments, and the effect of glacial processes on their formation were investigated. This study was conducted in the year 2021 in Alborz province, and eight profiles located in Karaj and Hashtgerd regions with glacial-alluvial parent materials were described and sampled. Physical and chemical characteristics, including soil texture before and after the removal of carbonates by the hydrometer method, pH, and EC in saturated extract, organic carbon by the Walkley-Black method, Calcium Carbonate Equivalent (CCE) measured by the calcimetric method in 27 samples were determined. Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC) measured by the ammonium acetate method. Soil description and classification were performed based on the American classification system. A micromorphological study of undisturbed samples, before and after the removal of carbonates, was carried out following their impregnation with polyester resin, cutting, sawing, mounting on glass slides, and reducing the thickness to about 30 microns. Imaging was done with a polarizing microscope, and the analysis and interpretation of the results were carried out according to the guide for the analysis of thin sections. The results showed that the petrocalcic horizons formed on glacial tills and moraines are the result of the long-term infiltration of cold water rich in dissolved carbonates into the soil. This model of the formation of secondary carbonates in the soil is different from other models that mainly consider the origin of carbonates to be the dissolution and recrystallization of primary carbonates or the biological respiration of roots and living organisms. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Carbonates, Carbon Dioxide (CO2), Glacial sediments, Micromorphology, Removal of Carbonates | ||
| مراجع | ||
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