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بررسی اثر تیمار سرمایی بر رفع خفتگی و پیشرس کردن کلوس (Kelussia odoratissima Mozaff.) گیاه دارویی بومی ایران | ||
علوم باغبانی ایران | ||
دوره 55، شماره 3، مهر 1403، صفحه 407-423 اصل مقاله (1.91 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijhs.2024.371378.2150 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
فائزه مهدوی کیا1؛ محمدتقی عبادی* 1؛ عبدالعلی شجاعیان1؛ مهدی عیاری2؛ محسن فلاحتی عنبران3 | ||
1گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران. | ||
2گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران ، ایران. | ||
3گروه علوم گیاهی، دانشکده زیست شناسی، پردیس علوم دانشگاه تهران، تهران ، ایران | ||
چکیده | ||
بهمنظور بررسی تاثیر تعداد ساعات سرمایی (2 درجه سلسیوس) بر خفتگی و رویش جوانه ریشه غدهای گیاه دارویی کلوس، آزمایشی با پنج تیمار دوره سرمادهی (0، 700، 1400، 2100 و 2800 ساعت) در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی با سه تکرار اجرا شد. برخی شاخصهای رویش و بیوشیمیایی و میزان هورمونهای جیبرلیک اسید و آبسزیک اسید ارزیابی گردید. بیشترین میزان رویش ریشه غدهای کلوس (72 درصد) در تیمار سرمایی 2800 ساعت مشاهده شد و همچنین در تیمار سرمایی 1400 ساعت نیز 50 درصد غدهها رویش کرده بودند. تیمار سرمایی منجر به تسریع رویش، افزایش طول گیاهچه و بنیه گیاهچه شد. تحت تأثیر تیمار سرمایی بیشترین و کمترین میزان کربوهیدرات محلول (بهترتیب 76 و 7 میلیگرم بر گرم وزن تر) بهترتیب در تیمار سرمایی 2800 و صفر ساعت (شاهد) ثبت گردید. همچنین، بیشترین میزان جیبرلیک اسید و کمترین میزان آبسزیک اسید بهترتیب 5/75 و 2/20 (نانومول بر گرم وزن تر) در تیمار سرمایی 2800 ساعت مشاهده شد. علاوه براین، سرما باعث افزایش فعالیت آنزیمهای آلفا آمیلاز، بتا آمیلاز و پروتئاز بهترتیب 2/1، 63/0 و 35/0 (میلیگرم بر گرم وزن تر) شد. نتایج پژوهش حاضر نشان داد که خفتگی ریشه غدهای کلوس از نوع خفتگی فیزیولوژیک بوده و میتوان آنرا با مشابهسازی شرایط محیطی بسته به طول دوره سرما و شرایط اکولوژیک رویشگاه تا حدودی خنثی کرد. در پایان مشخص شد که نیاز سرمایی کلوس تقریباً 2100 تا 2800 ساعت میباشد و پیشرس کردن کلوس در محیطی کنترل شده موفقیتآمیز بود. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
آلفا آمیلاز؛ جیبرلیک اسید؛ خفتگی فیزیولوژیک؛ کربوهیدرات محلول؛ نیاز سرمایی | ||
عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
Investigating the Effect of Chilling Treatment on the Dormancy Breaking and Forcing of Klous (Kelussia odoratissima Mozaff.), an Endemic Medicinal Plant of Iran | ||
نویسندگان [English] | ||
Faezeh Mahdavikia1؛ Mohammad Taghi Ebadi1؛ Abdolali Shojaeiyan1؛ Mahdi Ayyari2؛ Mohsen Falahati-Anbaran3 | ||
1Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University (TMU), Tehran, Iran | ||
2Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University (TUM), Tehran, Iran. | ||
3School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran | ||
چکیده [English] | ||
To investigate the effect of the number of chilling hours (2ᵒC) on the dormancy and growth of tuberous roots of K. odoratissima, an experiment with five chilling durations (0, 700, 1400, 2100, and 2800 hours) was performed in the form of a completely randomized design with three replications. Certain growth and biochemical traits along with gibberellic and abscisic acid were measured. The highest percentage of sprouting (72%) was observed in the tuberous roots subjected to the chilling treatment of 2800 h, whereas in the chilling treatment of 1400 h 50% of the tuberous roots sprouted. Chilling treatment led to an acceleration of sprouting and an increase in seedling vigor and length. The highest amount of soluble carbohydrates was recorded in the chilling treatment of 2800 h (76 mg/g fresh weight) and the lowest amount was observed in the control treatment (7 mg/g fresh weight). Chilling treatment also led to changes in the concentration of abscisic acid and gibberellic acid, so that the highest concentration of gibberellic acid and the lowest amount of abscisic acid (75.5 and 20.2 nanomoles per gram of fresh weight, respectively) belonged to 2800 h treatment. In addition, chilling treatment increased the activity of alpha-amylase, beta-amylase, and protease enzymes by 1.2, 0.63, and 0.35 mg/g fresh weight, respectively. These results indicated that the chilling requirement of the K. odoratissima plant is approximately 2100 to 2800 h, and the forcing culture of this valuable plant in a controlled environment was successful. | ||
کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
α-Amylase, Chilling requirement, Gibberellic acid, Physiological dormancy, Soluble carbohydrate | ||
مراجع | ||
احمدی، خدیجه؛ امیدی، حشمت؛ امینی دهقی، مجید و نقدی آبادی، حسنعلی (1398). مروری بر خصوصیات گیاهشناسی، فیتوشیمیایی و فارماکولوژیکی گیاه دارویی کلوس (Kelussia odoratissima Mozaff.). فصلنامه گیاهان دارویی، 18 (72)، 30-45. http://dx.doi.org/10.29252/jmp.4.72.S12.30 پوراسماعیل، معصومه و شریفی، مظفر (1382). بررسی اثر تیمار سرما و برخی سیتوکینینها در رفع خواب بذرهای زیره سیاه. فصلنامه پژوهشی تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران، 19(2)، 183-193. طباطبائیان، جواد و کدخدایی، اعظم (1398). تأثیر تیمارهای شکست خفتگی بذر بر جوانهزنی کلوس توده کوهرنگ (Kelussia odoratissima Mozaff.). نشریه علوم و فناوری بذر ایران، 8(1)، 201-212. https://doi.org/10.22034/ijsst.2018.116895.1156 مظفریان، ولیالله (1386). فلور ایران، شماره 54: تیره چتریان. چاپ اول. تهران: موسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور. 1-596. ملک، محسن؛ حسنی، فرشید؛ رضوانی خورشیدی، عنایت؛ شایانفر، علی؛ اسکویی، بیتا و دهشیری، عباس (1401). پاسخ خفتگی و جوانهزنی بذر باریجه (Ferula gummosa) تحت پیشتیمارهای مختلف هورمونی و سرمادهی مرطوب. پژوهشهای بذر ایران، 9(1)، 127-146. https://doi.org/10.52547/yujs.9.1.127 ملک، محسن؛ حسنی، فرشید؛ رضوانی خورشیدی، عنایت؛ محمودی، وحیدرضا و خسروی، مسعود (1402). تعیین شرایط بهینه آزمون جوانهزنی استاندارد بذر آنغوزه (Ferula assa-foetida). نشریه علوم و فناوری بذر ایران، 12(1)، 61-77. https://doi.org/10.22092/ijsst.2022.359018.1438
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