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ارزیابی وضعیت تغذیه‌ای نیشکر به‌روش انحراف از درصد بهینه (DOP) در استان خوزستان | ||
| تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران | ||
| دوره 55، شماره 3، خرداد 1403، صفحه 449-466 اصل مقاله (1.75 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijswr.2024.371718.669657 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| اکبر کریمی* 1؛ نعمت الله زکوی2؛ سعید صفیرزاده3؛ حسین نوروزی1؛ افشین آریز4 | ||
| 1گروه تحقیقات به‌زراعی، مؤسسه تحقیقات و آموزش نیشکر خوزستان، اهواز، ایران، | ||
| 2گروه تحقیقات به‌زراعی، مؤسسه تحقیقات و آموزش نیشکر خوزستان، اهواز، ایران | ||
| 3کشت و صنعت حکیم فارابی، خوزستان، ایران | ||
| 4شرکت کشت و صنعت میرزا کوچک خان، خوزستان، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| تعادل تغذیه‌ای گیاه یکی از مهم‌ترین فاکتورهای مؤثر در عملکرد کمی و کیفی گیاهان است. روش انحراف از درصد بهینه (DOP) یکی از روش‌های مناسب در تفسیر نتایج آنالیز عناصر غذایی در گیاه، نیازهای عناصر غذایی و وضعیت تعادل تغذیه‌ای در گیاهان می‌باشد. هدف از این مطالعه ارزیابی وضعیت تغذیه‌ای نیشکر با روش انحراف از درصد بهینه در 25 مزرعه کشت جدید (پلنت)، 72 مزرعه بازرویی (راتون) اول و 44 مزرعه بازرویی دوم در کشت و صنعت نیشکر حکیم فارابی خوزستان بود. نمونه‌های برگ از مزارع مورد مطالعه جمع‌آوری شده و غلظت عناصر غذایی نیتروژن (N)، فسفر (P)، پتاسیم (K)، کلسیم (Ca)، منیزیم (Mg)، آهن (Fe)، منگنز (Mn)، روی (Zn) و مس (Cu) اندازه‌گیری شد. برای تفسیر داده‌های غلظت عناصر غذایی و ارزیابی وضعیت تغذیه‌ای نیشکر، مزارع به دو گروه با عملکرد زیاد و کم تقسیم شدند. سپس نُرم‌های عناصر غذایی، شاخص‌های DOP برای هر یک از عناصر غذایی و شاخص تعادل تغذیه‌ای (∑DOP) محاسبه شد. نتایج نشان داد در همه مزارع با عملکرد کم، از میان عناصر غذایی پرمصرف، پتاسیم و فسفر و از میان عناصر کم‌مصرف، عناصر آهن و روی به‌ترتیب بیش‌ترین شاخص‌های منفی را داشتند. بر اساس شاخص‌های DOP اولویت‌بندی نیاز عناصر غذایی پرمصرف در مزارع با عملکرد کم کشت جدید، K>P>Mg>Ca>N. در مزارع بازرویی اول K>P>N>Mg>Ca و در مزارع بازرویی دوم P>K>N>Mg>Ca بود. به‌طور کلی شاخص تعادل تغذیه‌ای محاسبه شده برای مزارع نیشکر با عملکرد کم، نشان‌دهنده عدم تعادل عناصر غذایی در نیشکر و کوددهی نامتعادل در این مزارع می‌باشد. بنابراین نیاز است در مزارع نیشکر کوددهی متعادل و بهینه با کاربرد تلفیقی کودهای شیمیایی، آلی و زیستی مورد توجه قرار گیرد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| تعادل تغذیه‌ای؛ آنالیز گیاه؛ عملکرد؛ نیشکر | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Evaluation of sugarcane nutritional status by deviation from optimum percentage (DOP) method in Khuzestan province | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Akbar Karimi1؛ Nematallah Zakavi2؛ Saeed Safirzadeh3؛ Hossein Noroozi1؛ Afshin Ariz4 | ||
| 1Department of Agronomy, Khuzestan sugarcane research and training institute, Ahvaz, Iran. | ||
| 2Department of Agronomy, Khuzestan sugarcane research and training institute | ||
| 3Hakim Farabi Agro-Industry CO., Khuzestan, Iran | ||
| 4Mirza Kochuk Khan Agro-Industry CO., Khuzestan, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Nutritional balance of crops is one of the most important factors which affect the quantitative and qualitative yield of crops. The method of deviation from optimum percentage (DOP) is one of the suitable methods in interpret the results of the nutrients analysis in crops, the nutrients requirements and the nutritional balance status in crops. The objective of this study was to evaluate the nutritional status of sugarcane by the DOP method in 25 plant fields, 72 first ratoon fields and 44 second ratoon fields in Hakim Farabi AgroIndustry Company, Khuzestan province. Leaf samples were collected from studied fields and concentration of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) were measured. In order to interpret the nutrient concentration data and assess the nutritional status of sugarcane, the fields were divided into two groups with high and low yield. Then nutrient norms, nutrient DOP indices and nutritional balance index (∑DOP) were calculated. The results indicated that in the lowyield fields, K and P (as macronutrients) had more negative indices, as well as Fe and Zn (as micronutrients). Based on DOP indices, the order of crop nutrients requirement in lowyield fields were as K>P>Mg>Ca>N, K>P>N>Mg>Ca and P>K>N>Mg>Ca in plant, first ratoon and second ratoon, respectively. In general, fertilizer inappropriate management resulted to the imbalance of nutritional in sugarcane that it affect sugarcane yield. Therefore, balanced and optimal fertilization with integrated application of chemical, organic and biological fertilizers should be considered in sugarcane fields. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Nutritional balance, Plant analysis, Yield, Sugarcane | ||
| مراجع | ||
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