![سامانه نشر مجلات علمی دانشگاه تهران](./data/logo.png)
تعداد نشریات | 162 |
تعداد شمارهها | 6,578 |
تعداد مقالات | 71,072 |
تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 125,681,496 |
تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 98,911,682 |
بررسی تأثیر نحوه کاربرد کودگاوی و کاه و کلش گندم بر حفظ رطوبت و پایداری خاک | ||
تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران | ||
دوره 55، شماره 3، خرداد 1403، صفحه 483-494 اصل مقاله (1.71 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijswr.2024.369242.669615 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
فاطمه کریمی سرناوی1؛ سیما محمدی* 2؛ افسانه عالی نژادیان بیدآبادی3 | ||
1گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم آباد، ایران | ||
2گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان ، خرم آباد، ایران. | ||
3گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک ،دانشکده کشاورزی ،دانشگاه لرستان، خرم آباد، ایران. | ||
چکیده | ||
یکی از راههای کاهش تبخیر از سطح خاک، استفاده از مواد اصلاح کننده میباشد. هدف از این پژوهش، ارزیابی اثر اصلاح کنندههای (کاه و کلش گندم و کود گاوی) با دو کاربرد مخلوط و سطحی بر میزان تبخیر از خاک بود. این پژوهش در گلخانه دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه لرستان با تیمارهای کاه و کلش گندم و کود گاوی هر دو تیمار در سه سطح (صفر, 1 و 5 درصد وزنی) اجرا شد. رطوبت خاک به مدت ۴ ماه در حد ظرفیت زراعی ثابت نگه داشته شد. مقدار تبخیر در خرداد و مرداد ۱۴۰۰ در هر گلدان به صورت وزنی در دو دوره 10 و 18 روزه اندازه گیری شد. نتایج نشان داد بین تیمارهای مورد استفاده با کاربرد سطحی و مخلوط، اختلاف معنیداری در میزان تبخیر وجود داشت. پس از پایان اندازهگیری تبخیر و توقف آن در خرداد و مرداد، کاه و کلش گندم با 15 درصد کمترین میزان تبخیر و هدر رفت آب را دارا بود. استفاده از کاه و کلش گندم در سطح پنج درصد وزنی به صورت سطحی در خرداد ماه 7/4 و در مرداد ماه 7/1 برابر نسبت به تیمار شاهد بیشترین کاهش را در میزان تبخیر داشت. علاوه براین کاربرد اصلاح کنندهها باعث بهبود ساختمان خاک میشود که نتایج این آزمایش با بیشترین میانگین وزنی قطر خاکدانه با کاربرد مخلوط 5 درصد وزنی کاه و گلش گندم به مقدار 48/0 میلیمتر بیانگر این موضوع است. با توجه به تفاوت معنیدار کاربرد اصلاح کنندهها، کاربرد سطحی اصلاح کنندهها برای کنترل میزان تبخیر توصیه میشود. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
آب خاک؛ تبخیر؛ مالچ؛ مواد آلی | ||
عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
Investigating the effect of the method of application of cow manure and wheat straw, on maintaining soil moisture and stability | ||
نویسندگان [English] | ||
Fatemeh Karimi Sarnavi1؛ sima mohammadi2؛ Afsaneh Alinezhadian-Bidabadi3 | ||
1Soil Science Department,Faculty of Agriculture,Lorestan University,Khoramabad, Iran | ||
2,Soil Science Department,, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khoramabad, Iran | ||
3Soil science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khoramabad, Iran | ||
چکیده [English] | ||
One of the ways to reduce evaporation from the soil is to use modifiers. The aim of this research was to evaluate the effect of modifiers with two mixed and surface applications on the rate of evaporation from the soil. This research was carried out in the greenhouse of the Faculty of Agriculture of Lorestan University with treatments of wheat straw and cow manure at three levels (zero, 1 and 5% weight). The soil moisture was kept constant for 4 months at the agricultural capacity. The amount of evaporation in June and August 2021 in each pot was measured by weight in two periodes of 10 and 18 days. The results showed that there was a significant difference in the rate of evaporation between the treatments used with surface application and mixture. After the end of evaporation measurement and stopping it in June and August, wheat straw had the lowest evaporation. The use of wheat straw at the level of 5% by weight on the surface in June 4.7 and in August 1.7 times compared to the control treatment had the greatest reduction in evaporation. In addition, the use of modifiers improves the soil structure, which the results of this test show with the highest MWD with the use of a mixture of 5% by weight of wheat straw in the amount of 0.48 mm. Due to the significant difference in the application of modifiers, the surface application of modifiers is recommended to control the rate of evaporation. | ||
کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
Evaportation, Mulch, Organic material, Soil water | ||
مراجع | ||
Ahmadimoghadam, Z., Ghorbani, B., & Nouri Emamzadei, M. R. (2015). The effect of different mulches on temporal changed on some soil physical properties. Journal of Irrigation Sciences and Engineering, 39(2): 149-158. https://doi.org/10.22055/jise.2016.12119. Akhtar, K., Wang, W., Khan, A., Ren, G., Afridi, M. Z., & Feng, Y. (2019). Wheat straw mulching offset soil moisture deficient for improving physiological and growth performance of summer sown soybean. Agricultural Water Management, 211 (1), 16-25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2018.09.031. Bayat, R., Gerami, Z., Arabkhedri, M., & Jalilian, S. M. (2019). Comparision of the effect of two organic and polymer amendments on moisture evaporation from soil surface. Extension and Development of Watershed Management, 7(26): 57-68. (In Persian) Dugan, I., Pereira, P., Defterdarovic, J., Filipovic,L., Filipovic, V., & Bogunovic, I. (2023). Straw mulch application enhanced soil properties and reduced diffuse pollution at a steep Vineyard in Istria (Croata). Land, 12, 1691. https://doi.org/10.3390/land12091691. Ekhtiarian, S., Mohammadi, S., & Alinejadian Bid Abadi, A. (2022). The effect of adding Rice Husk and Zeolite on some of the soil properties at different times. Iranian Journal of Soil and Water Research, 53 (8): 1863-1884. https://doi.org/10.22059/ijswr.2022.343787.669282. (In Persian) Ghorbanian, D., Eftekhari, A.R., Zandi Esfahan, E., Hassani. N., & Arasto, B. (2022). Study of different types of mulch efficiency on soil retain moisture in planting seedling in arid areas by black saxaul (Haloxylon ammodendron) in Semnan province. Journal of Renewable Natural Resources Research. 13(1): 25-38. https://doi.org/jrnr.2022.20561. (In Persian) Gholami, L., Sadeghi, S. H. R. & Homaee, M. (2013). Straw mulching effect on splash erosion, runoff and sediment yield from eroded plots. Soil Science Society of American Journal, 77, 268-278. https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2012.0271. Hou, X.Y., Wang, F.X., Han J.J., Kang, S.Z., & Fena, S.H. (2010). Duration of plastic mulch for potato growth under irrigation in an arid region of northwest China. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 150: 115-121. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2009.09.007. Jordán, A., Zavala, L. M. & Gil, J. (2010). Effects of mulching on soil physical properties and runoff under semi-arid conditions in southern Spain. Catena, 81, 77–85. https://doi.org?10.1016/j.catena.2010.01.007. Kamali, Gh., & Khazanehdari, L. (2002). Analysis of recent drought in Mashhad by using some drought indices. Journal of Niwar. 44-45: 75-93 (In Persian) Kemper, W. D., & Rosenau, R. C. (1986). Aggregate stability and size distribution. Liu, Y., Li, S. Q., Chen, F., Yang, S. J., & Chen, X. P. (2010). Soil water dynamics and water use efficiency in spring maize (Zea mays L.) fields subjected to different water 268-management practices on the Loess Plateau, China. Agricultural Water Management, 97, 769-775. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2010.01.010. Marinari, S., Mascianodaro, G., Ceccanti, B., & Grego, S. (2000). Influence of organic and mineral fertilizers on soil biological and physical properties. Bioresource Technology. 72: 9-17. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0960-8524(99)00094-2 Mirzaee, M, Mahmoodabadi, M., & Naghavi, H. (2016). Effects of different management practices of Barely straw and Alfaalfa residue on soil moisture content and aeration behavior under field conditions. Journal of Water and Soil Conservation. 23 (1), 150-177. https://doi.org/10.22069/jwfst.201603024. Nasimi, P. Karimi, A. and Gerami, Z. (2020). Long-Term Effects of Palm Leaf Biochar on the Porosity and Structure Stability of a Sandy Clay Loam Soil. Joyrnal of soil research (soil science and water). Page 34(2). https://doi.org/10.22098/ijsr.2020.122500. (In Persian). Sadeghi, S. H. R., Gholami, L., Homaee, M. and Khaledi Darvishan, A. (2015). Reducing sediment concentration and soil loss using organic and inorganic amendments at plot scale. Soild Earth, 6, 445–455. https://doi.org/10.5194/sed-7-63-2015. Shahraki, F., Emami, H., Fotovat, A. & Astaraei, A. R. (2016). Study the effect of soil modifiers on soil moisture and evaporation in greenhouse condition. Iranian Journal of Irrigation and drainage, 2 (10): 252-261. (In Persian) Silvente, S., Sobolev, A. P.& Lara, M. (2012). Metabolite Adjustments in Drought Tolerant and Sensitive Soybean Genotypes in Response to Water Stress. PlosOne, 7, e38554. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0038554. Yusefi, A., Farokhian Firozi, A., & Aminzade, M. (2019). Effect of mulch on soil moisture, temperature and heat flux variation in the presence of shallow groundwater. Iranian Journal of Soil and Water Research. 50 (9): 2214-2225. https://doi.org/10.22059/ijswr.2019.277426.668143. (In Persian) Van der Velde, M., Tubiello, F. N., Vrieling, A. & Bouraoui, F. (2012). Impacts of extreme weather on wheat and maize in France: evaluating regional crop simulations against observed data. Climatic Change, 113(3), 751–765. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-011-0368-2 Wang, W., Wang, W., Wang, P., Wang, X., Wang, L., Wang, CH., Zhang, CH., &Huo, Z. (2023). Impact of straw return on soil temperature and water during the freeze-thaw period. Agricultural Water Management, 282,108292. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2023.108292. Wang, J., Huang, J., Zhao, X., Wu, P., Horwath, W.R., Li, H., Jing, Z. and Chen, X. (2016). Simulated study on effects of ground managements on soil water and available nutrients in jujube orchards. Land Degradation and Development, 27, 35-42. https://doi.org/10.1002/Idr.2334. Zhao, H., Wang, R. Y., Ma, B. L., Xiong, Y. C., Qiang, S. C., & Wang, C. L. (2014) Ridge-furrow with full plastic film mulching improves water use efficiency and tuber yields of potato in a semiarid rain-fed ecosystem. Field Crop Research. 161, 137-148. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2014.02.013 | ||
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 186 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 155 |