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اثر مدیریت همزمان کود نیتروژن و زمان و مدت زهکشی میانفصل بر کشت برنج و کیفیت زه‌آب | ||
| تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران | ||
| دوره 55، شماره 5، مرداد 1403، صفحه 679-695 اصل مقاله (1.52 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijswr.2024.371299.669649 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| رعنا اسدی نودهی1؛ مریم نوابیان* 2 | ||
| 1گروه مهندسی آب- دانشکده علوم کشاورزی- دانشگاه گیلان- رشت- ایران | ||
| 2هیات علمی /گروه مهندسی آب- دانشکده علوم کشاورزی- دانشگاه گیلان- رشت- ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| پژوهش حاضر با هدف تعیین مدیریت بهینه همزمان کود نیتروژن و زمان و مدت زهکشی میانفصل برنج از دیدگاه محیط‌زیستی در دانشگاه گیلان انجام شد. این آزمایش در سه تیمار، اعمال کود نیتروژن و سپس زهکشی 7 روز بعد به مدت 7 روز (T1)، زهکشی به مدت 7 روز و سپس اعمال کود نیتروژن (T2) و زهکشی به مدت 10 روز و سپس اعمال کود نیتروژن (T3) در سه تکرار انجام شد. تیمار شاهد شامل کوددهی هم زمان با تیمار T1 و بدون زهکشی میانفصل بود. از زه‌آب نمونه‌برداری و پارامترهای کیفی آن اندازه‌گیری شدند. نتایج نشان داد، زمان اعمال کود و زهکشی تاثیر مستقیم بر اسیدیته زه‌آب دارد. میانگین هدایتالکتریکی در دوره رشد در T2 و T3 به‌ترتیب 46 و 73 درصد نسبت به T1 کاهش نشان داد. تغییرات آمونیوم تا قبل از زهکشی میانفصل، صعودی بود اما پس از آن، در T1، 23 درصد و در T2 و T3 به‌طور متوسط 54 درصد کاهش نشان داد. میانگین غلظت نیترات در زهکشی پایان‌فصل در T1 ، T2 و T3 نسبت به میانفصل به‌ترتیب 22، 36 و 69 درصد و فسفات 29، 31 و 67 درصد کمتر بود. تجزیه آماری نشان داد که اثر زمان و تیمارها بر SAR و کلراید معنی‌دار نبود. مقایسه کیفیت زه‌آب تیمارها نشان داد که کوددهی پس از زهکشی با تداوم 10 روز،. می‌تواند اثر منفی کمتری بر محیط زیست داشته باشد. مقایسه عملکرد و اجزاء عملکرد برنج نشان داد که زهکشی میانفصل به مدت 7 روز و سپس اعمال کود نیتروژن گزینه مناسب‌تری است. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| آلودگی منابع آب؛ زهکشی پایان‌فصل؛ زهکشی میانفصل؛ کیفیت زه‌آب | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| The effect of simultaneous management of nitrogen fertilizer and time and duration of mid seasonal-drainage on rice cultivation and drainage water quality | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Rana Asadi Nodehi1؛ Maryam Navabian2 | ||
| 1Water Eng. Department, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran | ||
| 2Water Engineering Department- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences-University of Guilan- Rasht- Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| This research was carried out to determine the simultaneous optimal management of nitrogen (N) fertilizer and the time and duration of mid-season drainage (MSD) of rice from an environmental point of view. This experiment was conducted in three treatments: application of N fertilizer and then drainage 7 days later for 7 days (T1), drainage for 7 days and then application of N fertilizer (T2), and drainage for 10 days and then application of N fertilizer (T3). The control treatment included fertilization at the same time as T1 treatment and without mid-season drainage.The quality parameters of drain water were measured. The results indicated that the time of applying fertilizer and drainage has a direct effect on pH. The average EC during the growth period in T2 and T3 decreased by 46 and 73%, respectively, compared to T1. The trend of NH4+ changes was upward before MSD, but after MSD, it decreased by 23% in T1 and 54% on average in T2 and T3. The average concentration of NO3- in the end season in T1, T2, and T3 was 22, 36, and 69% lower, respectively, and PO43- was 29, 31, and 67% lower than in MSD. The statistical analysis showed that the effect of time and treatments on SAR, and Cl- was insignificant. Applying fertilizer after drainage for 10 days has lower negative impact on environment. Compating yield and component yield in treatments show that T2 (7 days mid drainage and then appling nitrogen fertilizer) is a more appropriate option. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Drainage water quality, End-season drainage, Mid-season drainage, Pollution of water sources | ||
| مراجع | ||
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