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The Position of Iranian Nationalism in the Semantic Network of the "Modernist Nationalism" Discourse of the Pahlavi Era | ||
Contemporary Researches on Islamic Revolution | ||
دوره 6، شماره 21، آبان 2024، صفحه 80-102 اصل مقاله (450.76 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: Science - Research | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jcrir.2024.369487.1584 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
Meisam Ghahreman* 1؛ Hadi Keshavarz2؛ Omid Zeinali Ghighlou3 | ||
1Assistant Professor, Historical Studies of Islamic Revolution (affiliated to the Islamic Revolution Document Center), Tehran, IRAN | ||
2PH.D of Political Sciences, Political Sociology, University of Tehran, IRAN | ||
3PH.D of Political Sciences, Mazandaran University, Mazandaran, IRAN | ||
چکیده | ||
In 19th century Iran, through the publication of travelogues, the expansion of capitalism, and familiarity with the governance methods of Western countries, a system of knowledge or grand discourse emerged that represented Iran's backwardness and illness. Within this system of knowledge (episteme), various discourses aimed at remedying this illness were formed, one of the vital being the discourse of modernist nationalism which served as a counter-discourse to the "Anti-autocratic Constitutionalist" discourse and sought to justify its propositions in response to it, was extensively exploited by the Pahlavi court and managed to become the dominant discourse of the court for a long time. The present study employs the discourse theory of Laclau and Mouffe, focusing on the question of ‘What the semantic network of modernist nationalism discourse was and what function it aimed to achieve?’ The semantic coordinates of this discourse are examined. The results indicated that the most significant signifier of the modernist nationalism discourse was "Iranian nationalism," which, by outlining a semantic network composed of various elements such as superficial and top-down modernization, centralization (establishment of a dominant state), the necessity of reviving the monarchy and kingship, secularism and opposition to Islamism, and the strengthening of militarism, aimed to consolidate the power of the Pahlavi regime by providing a solution for Iran's backwardness. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
Pahlavi II؛ Modernist Nationalism Discourse؛ Discourse؛ Central Signifier؛ Elements | ||
عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
جایگاه ایرانگرایی در شبکهی معنایی گفتمان «ناسیونالیسم تجدّدخواه» پهلوی | ||
نویسندگان [English] | ||
میثم قهرمان1؛ هادی کشاورز2؛ امید زینالی گیگلو زینالی گیگلو3 | ||
1استادیار پژوهشی گروه مطالعات تاریخی انقلاب اسلامی (مرکز اسناد انقلاب اسلامی) | ||
2دکتری جامعه شناسی سیاسی دانشگاه تهران، ایران | ||
3دکتری علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه مازندران، ایران | ||
چکیده [English] | ||
در ایرانِ قرن نوزدهم به واسطهی انتشار سفرنامهها، گسترش سرمایهداری و آشنایی با شیوههای حکمرانی کشورهای غربی، نظام دانایی یا کلانگفتمانی شکل گرفت که عقب-ماندگی و بیماری ایران را بازنمایی میکرد. درون این نظام دانایی (اپیستمه)، گفتمانهای مختلفی با هدف درمان این بیماری شکل گرفتند که یکی از مهمترین آنها گفتمان ناسیونالیسم تجدّدخواه بود. این گفتمان که پادگفتمانی برای گفتمان «ضد استبدادی مشروطهخواه» به شمار میرفت و در مواجههی با آن میکوشید تا گزارههای خود را توجیه کند، توسط دربار پهلوی به طور گستردهای مورد بهرهبرداری قرار گرفت و توانست برای مدتی طولانی به گفتمان مسلط دربار تبدیل شود. در این مقاله کوشیده شده است با محوریت این پرسش که شبکهی معنایی گفتمان ناسیونالیسم تجدّدخواه چه بود و آن در پی تحقق چه کارکردی شکل گرفت؟ مختصات معنایی گفتمان مذکور را مورد بررسی قرار دهیم. به طور کلی نتایج حاصله را میتوان چنین خلاصه کرد که معنابخشترین دال گفتمان ناسیونالیسم تجدّدخواه «ایرانگرایی» بود که با ترسیم شبکهای معنایی متشکل از وقتههای گوناگونی نظیر مدرنیزاسیون ظاهری و از بالا، تمرکزگرایی (استقرار دولت فائقه)، ضرورت احیای نظام شاهنشاهی و سلطنت، سکولاریسم و مقابله با اسلامگرایی، و تقویت نظامیگری، در پی تثبیت قدرت رژیم پهلوی از رهگذر ارائهی راهکاری برای درمان عقبماندگی ایران بود. | ||
کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
پهلوی دوم, گفتمان ناسیونالیسم تجدّدخواه, گفتمان, دال مرکزی, وقته | ||
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