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اثر کمآبیاری بر محتوی نسبی آب، غلظت پرولین، محتوی آنزیمهای آنتیاکسیدان، غلظت کلروفیل و عملکرد علوفه پنج گونه شبدر (Trifolium spp) | ||
تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران | ||
دوره 55، شماره 7، مهر 1403، صفحه 1185-1197 اصل مقاله (1.4 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijswr.2024.370250.669628 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
زهرا کفاش زاده1؛ سید محسن نبوی کلات* 2؛ محمدرضا عباسی3؛ علی رضا سوهانی دربان1 | ||
1گروه علوم کشاورزی، واحد مشهد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مشهد، ایران | ||
2گروه علوم کشاورزی، دانشکده مهندسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد مشهد، مشهد ایران | ||
3بخش تحقیقات علوم زراعی باغی، مرکز تحقیات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خراسان رضوی، سازمان تحقیقات، ‏آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، م، | ||
چکیده | ||
به منظور مطالعه اثر کمآبیاری بر محتوی نسبی آب، غلظت پرولین، محتوی آنزیمهای آنتیاکسیدان، غلظت کلروفیل و عملکرد علوفه 5 گونه شبدر آزمایشی مزرعهای به شکل کرتهای خردشده در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در سال زراعی 99-1398 انجام شد. کمآبیاری در سه سطح (0 (عدم کمآبیاری) و کمآبیاری 20 و 40 درصد کمتر از نیاز آبیاری گیاه) به عنوان عامل اصلی و 5 گونه شبدر (Trifolium resupinatum (شبدر ایرانی)، T. alexandrium (شبدر برسیم) ، T. lapaceaum ، T. echinatum و T. diffusum) به عنوان عامل فرعی در نظر گرفته شد. نتایج نشان داد با افزایش کمآبیاری تا سطح 40 درصد، غلظت پرولین به میزان 93 درصد و محتوی آنزیمهای آنتیاکسیدان کاتالاز، پراکسیداز و سوپراکسید دیسموتاز به ترتیب به میزان 12، 98 و 83 درصد افزایش یافت. اما محتوی نسبی آب، عملکرد علوفه تازه و علوفه خشک به ترتیب به میزان 22، 24 و 29 درصد کاهش پیدا کرد. بیشترین محتوی نسبی آب، غلظت کلروفیل a و b و محتوی آنزیمهای آنتیاکسیدان بدون تفاوت معنیدار در دو رقم T. resupinatum و T. alexandrium مشاهده شد. بررسی اثر متقابل دو عامل (کمآبیاری × گونه) نشان داد که با افزایش کمآبیاری عملکرد علوفه تازه و خشک هر پنج گونه به طور معنیداری کاهش یافت. در هر سه سطح کمآبیاری بالاترین عملکرد علوفه تازه (39/20، 81/18 و94/13تن در هکتار) و خشک (59/4، 25/4 و 06/3 تن در هکتار) در گونه T. resupinatum به دست آمد به طور کلی نتایج این پژوهش نشان داد که هر 5 گونه دارای پایداری لازم در شرایط تنش نیستند. بنابراین بهکارگیری روش کمآبیاری در مورد گونههای موردمطالعه تنها در صورتی قابل توجیه خواهد بود که کاهش 20 و 40 درصدی در میزان آب مصرفی در مقایسه با کاهش عملکرد این محصول دارای مزیت بیشتری باشد. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
پراکسیداز؛ سوپراکسید دیسموتاز؛ علوفه تازه؛ علوفه خشک؛ کاتالاز | ||
عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
Effect of deficit irrigation on Relative Water Content (RWC), Proline concentration, antioxidant enzymes content, chlorophyll concentration and forage yield of five clover species | ||
نویسندگان [English] | ||
Zahra Kafashzade1؛ Seyed Mohsen Nabavi Kalat2؛ Mohhamad Reza Abbasi3؛ Ali Reza Souhani Darban1 | ||
1Department of Agricultural Science, Mashad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran. | ||
2Department of Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad Branch, Mashhad< Iran | ||
3Seed and Plant Improvement Department, Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and ‎Education Center of Khorasan-e Razavi, Agricultural-Research- Education & Extension ‎Organization (AREEO), Mashhad, Iran. | ||
چکیده [English] | ||
In order to study the effect of deficit irrigation on RWC, proline concentration, antioxidant enzymes content, chlorophyll concentration and forage yield of five clover species, a field experiment was conducted during the cropping season 2019-2020. The experimental design was split plots arranged based on randomized complete blocks design (RCBD) with three replications. Deficit irrigation at three levels (0 (Full irrigation), 20 and 40% less than the irrigation requirement) were considered as main plots and five clover species (Trifolium resupinatum ، T. alexandrium ، T. lapaceaum ، T. echinatum و T. diffusum) were allocated as sub plots.The results showed by increasing deficit irrigation up to 40%, proline concentration increased by 93% and the content of antioxidant enzymes catalase, peroxidase and superoxide dismutase increased by 12, 98 and 83% respectively. However, RWC, yield of fresh and dry fodder decreased by 22, 24 and 29% respectively. The highest RWC, chlorophyll concentration and content of antioxidant enzymes were observed without significant difference in T. resupinatum and T. alexandrium species. The interaction effect of two factors (deficit irrigation × species) showed by increasing deficit irrigation, fresh and dry forage yield of all five species decreased significantly. In all three levels of deficit irrigation, the highest yield of fresh (20.39, 18.81 and 13.94 t/h) and dry forage (4.59, 4.25 and 3.06 t/h) were obtained in T. resupinatum species. In general, the results showed that all 5 species do not have the required stability under stress conditions. Therefore, deficit irrigation for the proposed species will be justified only if a 20 and 40 percent irrigation water reduction is more beneficial than the yield reduction. | ||
کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
Catalase, Dry forage, Fresh forage, Peroxidase, Superoxide dismutase | ||
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