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The Role of Clergy in Education during the Pahlavi Period | ||
| Contemporary Researches on Islamic Revolution | ||
| دوره 6، شماره 22، اسفند 2024، صفحه 111-131 اصل مقاله (728.58 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: Science - Research | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jcrir.2024.378239.1638 | ||
| نویسنده | ||
| Mahdi Abotaleby* | ||
| Assistant Professor, Department of History of Contemporary Thought, Imam Khomeini Educational and Research Institute, Qom, IRAN | ||
| چکیده | ||
| Before the introduction of modern Western civilization, education in Iran was primarily under the control of the clergy and considered one of their main responsibilities. With the arrival of Western culture and civilization in Iran, particularly during the Pahlavi era, formal education, like many official governmental institutions, came to be managed by graduates of the new educational system. As a result, today some people view the clergy's involvement in official education as unconventional. The central question of this research is whether, with the formation of new schools and the informal status of old schools during the Pahlavi period, the clergy still played a role in formal education. The author's investigation indicates that a comprehensive and focused study on this topic has not been conducted. Although various academic works have touched upon the role of religious movements and clergy during the Pahlavi era, as well as memoirs related to active clerics in this area, these references are scattered and lack coherence. The present study, by descriptive and historical analysis methods, aims to explore this issue in historical documents. The findings indicated that after the reign of Reza Shah and with the opening of the political and cultural atmosphere, Shia scholars and clerics undertook two fundamental actions to play their role in education: The first was a gradual reform of the government’s new education system, conducted in four stages: Requesting the inclusion of religious subjects in schools, selecting suitable teachers for instruction, separating girls' and boys' schools, and the writing of textbooks by clerics with their presence to teach these books. The second action was the establishment and management of new private schools by clerics. This involvement of the clergy provoked a reaction from the Pahlavi regime, resulting in pressure on these schools and even the closure of some of them. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| Clergy؛ New Schools؛ Education؛ Pahlavi Period؛ Religious Texts؛ Teaching؛ Authorship | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| سیر تاریخی نقش روحانیت در آموزش و پرورش در سده اخیر | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| مهدی ابوطالبی | ||
| استادیار، گروه تاریخ اندیشه معاصر، مؤسسه آموزشی و پژوهشی امام خمینی، قم، ایران | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| تحولات اجتماعی محصول رفتار انسانهاست و رفتار انسانها متأثر از شناخت و انگیزه آنهاست که یکی از عوامل موثر در شناخت و انگیزه انسانها نیز تعلیم و تربیت است. یکی از وجوه تعلیم و تربیت، همان آموزش و پرورش رسمی و اصطلاحی است. در طول تاریخ همواره این امر در اختیار روحانیت و از وظایف اصلی آنها شمرده میشد. با ورود فرهنگ و تمدن غربی به ایران، بویژه در سده اخیر آموزش و پرورش رسمی همانند بسیاری از نهادهای رسمی و حکومتی در اختیار تحصیل کرده های نظام آموزشی جدید قرار گرفت لذا امروزه حضور روحانیت در امر آموزش و پرورش رسمی امری خلاف قاعده به حساب می آید. از طرف دیگر بدلیل رویکرد ضد دینی حکومت پهلوی، رویکردهای معنوی و مذهبی از نظام آموزش و پرورش ایران حذف شد. در این تحقیق بر اساس روش تحقیق توصیفی و تحلیل تاریخی به دنبال تبیین جایگاه تاریخی و سیر تاریخی نقش روحانیت در آموزش و پرورش در سده اخیر و نقش این امر در پرورش نیروهای انقلابی برای نهضت امام خمینی ره هستیم. بررسی اسناد معتبر تاریخی نشان میدهد که بعد ازحکومت رضاشاه و با باز شدن فضای فرهنگی سیاسی، علما و روحانیت شیعه برای ایفای نقش خود در عرصه تعلیم و تربیت به اقدامات مهمی دست زدند: | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| سیر تاریخی, روحانیت, آموزش و پرورش, سده اخیر | ||
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