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تعیین حدود بحرانی ویژگی‌های مؤثر بر کیفیت خاک شالیزار در لندفرم‌های مختلف (مطالعه موردی: لنگرود، استان گیلان) | ||
| تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران | ||
| دوره 55، شماره 10، دی 1403، صفحه 1679-1699 اصل مقاله (2.17 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijswr.2024.377878.669731 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| نفیسه یغمائیان مهابادی* 1؛ سیده فاطمه نبوی1؛ حسن رمضانپور1؛ محمدباقر فرهنگی1؛ شهرام محمود سلطانی2 | ||
| 1گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران | ||
| 2بخش خاک و آب. موسسه تحقیقات برنج کشور. رشت. ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| ارزیابی کیفیت خاک و شناسایی شاخص‌های کلیدی با حدود بحرانی آن‌ها برای حفظ عملکرد طبیعی خاک و بهره‌وری محصولات به‌ویژه برنج، بسیار مهم است. هدف از این پژوهش تعیین حداقل ویژگی‌های مؤثر بر کیفیت خاک (MDS) بر اساس ویژگی‌های لندفرم‌ها و تعیین حدود بحرانی آن‌ها بر اساس عملکرد برنج در شهرستان لنگرود استان گیلان می‌باشد. به این منظور 80 نمونه خاک مرکب از سه لندفرم کوهستان، دشت آبرفتی و اراضی ساحلی از عمق صفر تا 30 سانتی‌متر جمع‌آوری شد و در مجموع 17 ویژگی فیزیکی، شیمیایی و زیستی خاک اندازه‌گیری شد. ویژگی‌های MDS در هر لندفرم با استفاده از داده‌های کمکی استخراج‌شده از مدل رقومی ارتفاع (DEM) و مقادیر ارزش نرم ویژگی‌های خاک به دست آمد. در نهایت شاخص کیفیت تجمعی (IQI) برای هر لندفرم محاسبه شد. نتایج نشان داد که درصد رس، کربن آلی، پتاسیم قابل‌استفاده، تنفس میکروبی خاک و فسفاتاز ویژگی‌های مؤثر بر کیفیت خاک و عملکرد محصول در هر سه لندفرم می‌باشند. همچنین پتاسیم قابل‌استفاده در هر سه لندفرم اراضی ساحلی (87/0=R2)، دشت آبرفتی (85/0=R2) و کوهستان (90/0=R2) بالاترین همبستگی با عملکرد برنج را نشان داد. حد پایین و بالای شاخص کیفیت خاک در اراضی ساحلی به ترتیب 39/0 و 65/0، در دشت آبرفتی 56/0 و 76/0 و در کوهستان 41/0 و 73/0 برای رسیدن به 40 و 80 درصد عملکرد نسبی بدست آمد. بیشترین همبستگی بین شاخص کیفیت خاک و عملکرد نسبی (87/0=R2) برای شالیزارهای کوهستان به دست آمد. پهنهبندیها نشان داد که شالیزارهای کم بازده در مناطق ساحلی قرار داشته و از کمترین میانگین شاخص کیفیت خاک برخوردار هستند که به دلیل بافت سبکتر خاک و مجاورت با دریای خزر است. در مقابل شالیزارهای کوهستان با بیشترین میانگین شاخص کیفیت خاک، از بیشترین مقدار عملکرد محصول برخوردار هستند. بنابراین تعیین حدود بحرانی ویژگی‌های مؤثر بر کیفیت خاک به عنوان تابعی از عملکرد برنج، در بهبود شیوههای مدیریتی و بهره‌وری پایدار اراضی شالیزاری کاربرد دارد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| ارزش نرم؛ حدود بحرانی؛ عملکرد نسبی؛ ویژگی‌های زمین | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Determining the critical limits of soil quality indicators for paddy fields in different landforms (Case study: Langarud, Guilan Province) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Nafiseh Yaghmaeian Mahabadi1؛ Seyedeh Fatemeh Nabavi1؛ Hasan Ramezanpour1؛ Mohammad Bagher Farhangi1؛ Shahram MahmoudSoltani2 | ||
| 1Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran | ||
| 2Soil and Water Department, Rice Research Institute of Iran, Rasht, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Assessment of soil quality and identification of key indicators with their critical limits are very important for maintaining soil functions and rice productivity. The aim of this research was to determine the minimum data set (MDS) based on terrain attributes and to establish critical limits based on rice yield in Langarud, Guilan Province. Composite soil samples (0-30 cm) were collected from three landforms: mountain, alluvial plain, and coastal area. The MDS in each landform were obtained using auxiliary data extracted from DEM, and the Norm values of soil properties. Finally, the integrated quality index (IQI) was calculated for each landform. Available potassium showed the highest correlation with rice yield in the coastal (R2 = 0.87), alluvial plain (R2 = 0.85), and mountain (R2 = 0.90). The lower and upper limits of the IQI for 40% and 80% relative yield were 0.39 and 0.65 in coastal area, 0.56 and 0.76 in alluvial plain, and 0.41 and 0.73 in mountain, respectively. The highest correlation between the soil quality index (SQI) and relative yield (R2 = 0.87) was obtained for mountain. The mapping showed that the low productivity paddy fields are located in the coastal areas, where the SQI is the lowest. This observation is possibly attributed to the coarser soil texture and the proximity to the Caspian Sea. In contrast, paddy fields in mountain exhibited the highest SQI and yield. Therefore, determining the critical limits for MDS is essential for improving management practices and achieving sustainable productivity in paddy fields. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Critical limits, Norm value, Relative yield, Terrain attributes | ||
| مراجع | ||
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