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تجربۀ دوگانۀ نان‌آوری زنان؛ مطالعه‌ای بر زندگی زنان سرپرست خانوار شهرستان بهشهر | ||
| زن در توسعه و سیاست | ||
| دوره 22، شماره 4، دی 1403، صفحه 965-988 اصل مقاله (1.1 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jwdp.2024.381329.1008475 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| رضا اعظم زاده1؛ سهیلا علیرضانژاد* 2 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکتری گروه جامعه‌شناسی فرهنگی، دانشکدۀ علوم انسانی، دانشگاه آزاد واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران. | ||
| 2استاد جامعه‌شناسی، گروه علوم اجتماعی، دانشکدۀ علوم انسانی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، گرمسار، ایران. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| هدف این پژوهش، شناخت و فهم تجربۀ زنان سرپرست خانوار از نقش نان‌آوری و چگونگی اجرای آن به‌عنوان سرپرست خانوار است. در این بررسی برای دستیابی به اهداف پژوهش از نظریۀ داده‌بنیاد استفاده شد و داده‌ها از طریق مصاحبۀ نیمه‌ساخت‌یافته با 33 نفر از زنان سرپرست خانوار ساکن شهرستان بهشهر گردآوری شد. کدگذاری باز داده‌ها به ظهور چهار مقولۀ اصلی انجامید: 1. سرپرستی خانوار؛ 2. فقر زنان سرپرست؛ 3. تنهایی زنان در ادارۀ خانوار؛ و 4. کسب درآمد و نان‌آوری. نتایج پژوهش بیانگر آن بود که این زنان پس از پذیرش نقش سرپرستی و در نقش نان‌آور به دو شکل فعالیت‌های اقتصادی خود را انجام می‌دهند: 1. فعالیت‌های اقتصادی از داخل خانه؛ 2. فعالیت‌های اقتصادی خارج از خانه. آنان در دو الگوی پارادایمی قرار می‌گیرند: 1. خود به‌مثابۀ عامل تغییر و 2. خود به‌مثابۀ نیازمند حمایت. پارادایم اول درک زنان از زنانگی، توانایی تغییر در زندگی و موفقیت در اهداف است، اما زنان در پارادایم دوم از اعتمادبه‌نفس لازم برای استقلال برخوردار نیستند و درک آنان از زنانگی، مانع تلاش برای تغییر در زندگی بدون حمایت دیگران است. پیامد حمایت‌طلبی زنان، احساس فناشدن و نبود سرمایه‌های اقتصادی و اجتماعی است. یافته‌ها نشان می‌دهد در چگونگی ایفای نقش زنان به‌عنوان زن سرپرست خانوار، عوامل خانوادگی، اجتماعی، فرهنگی، جنسیت و حمایت نهادهای دولتی تأثیرگذار هستند، اما مقولۀ هسته نشان از اهمیت فهم زنان از زنانگی خود دارد. از این‌رو مداخله‌ها و حمایت‌های دولتی لازم است با توجه به این ویژگی انجام شود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| تنهایی؛ سرپرستی خانوار؛ فقر؛ نان‌آوری | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| The Dual Experience of Women’s Bread-Making a Study on the Lives of Female Heads of Households in Behshahr City | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Reza Azamzadeh ,1؛ Soheila Alirezanejad2 | ||
| 1PhD Student, Department of Cultural Sociology, Faculty of Humanities, Science and Research Branch Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. | ||
| 2Full Professor of Sociology, Garmsar Branch Islamic Azad University, Garmsar, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The purpose of this research is to know and understand the experience of female heads of the household from the role of breadwinner and how to implement it as the head of the household. In this study, to achieve the goals of the research, the foundational data theory was used, and data collection was done through semi-structured interviews with 33 female heads of households in Behshahr city. Open coding led to the emergence of four main categories:1-household headship; 2- The poverty of female guardians; 3- Loneliness of women in managing the household; 4- Making money and earning bread. After accepting the role of guardian and breadwinner, these women perform their economic activities in two ways:1-economic activities from inside the home; 2- Economic activities outside the home. They are placed in two paradigm models:1-self as an agent of change, 2-self as needing support. In the first paradigm, women's understanding of femininity is the ability to change in life and succeed in goals. However, women in the second paradigm do not have the necessary self-confidence to be independent in life, and their understanding of femininity prevents them from trying to change their lives without the support of others. The findings show that in how women play the role of head of the household; Family, social, cultural factors, gender, and the support of government institutions are influential; But the core category shows the importance of women's understanding of their femininity, so government interventions and support should be done according to this feature. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Breadwinner, Head of the Household, Loneliness, Poverty | ||
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| مراجع | ||
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