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شاخ صسازی مؤلف ههای سیاست و فضا در جغرافیای سیاسی | ||
| پژوهشهای جغرافیای انسانی | ||
| مقاله 8، دوره 42، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 72، مرداد 1389، صفحه 121-134 اصل مقاله (3.14 M) | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| محمد رضا حافظ نیا1؛ مصطفی قادر حاجت2؛ زهرا احمدی پور3 | ||
| 1استاد گروه جغرافیای سیاسی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس | ||
| 2کارشناس ارشد جغرافیای سیاسی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس | ||
| 3دانشیار جغرافیای سیاسی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس | ||
| چکیده | ||
| جغرافیای سیاسی شاخ ه ای از علم جغرافیاست که به مطالعه و کالبد شکافی پدیده های سیاسی فضایی و نواحی متشکل و سازمان یافته سیاسی، از سطح خُرد تا کلان (میکرو تا ماکرو) م یپردازد. از دیدگاه علّی، موضوع دانش جغرافیای سیاسی را کنش متقابل متغیرهای سیاسی با متغیرهای فضایی تشکیل می ده د. پس با توجه به آنچه که اشاره شد، دو مؤلفه سیاست و فضا از مفاهیم اساسی این رشته اند که شناخت شاخ صهای آنها از مه مترین اقدامات زیربنایی در درک پدید ههای سیاسی فضایی به شمار م یآید. فضا را م ی توان عرصه ای س هبعدی که دارای هویت، ساختار، سیستم ها و مرزهای مشخص است و مقیاس های مختلف و چشم انداز پویا (دینامیک) دارد و قلمرو زندگی، تحرک، احساس، آرمان و فعالیت انسان ها را تشکیل می دهد، به حسا ب آورد . اما سیاست متأثر از ایدئولوژی های گوناگون عبارت است از : مفاهیم و نهادهای سیاسی فرمانروا، فرایندها و سازوکار های تصمی م ساز که بر پایه نظام ارزشی پدید آمده اند و با پشتیبانی عامل قدرت مستتر در حاکمیت، بر فضای جغرافیایی تأثیر می نهند و از آن تأثیر م یپذیرند. این مقاله به صورت کتابخان های و میدانی و با شیوه توصیفی تحلیلی، سعی بر شناسایی و رتبه بندی، شاخص های سیاست و فضا در جغرافیای سیاسی دارد. یافته ها بیانگر این مطلب است که شاخصه های شناخته شده در مباحث نظری با توجه به یافته های میدانی تأیید شدند، و ب ر این اساس از 51 شاخص مورد آزمون، تعداد شاخ ص های سیاسی مطلق 19 شاخص، شاخ ص های فضایی مطلق 22 و شاخص های دوگانه 10 شاخص شناسایی و رده بندی شدند . نکته شایان توجه وزن و اهمیت بیشتر شاخص های فضایی در قیاس با شاخص ه های سیاسی بود، که نشان از اهمیت و جایگاه هر یک ا ز این مؤلف هها در مطالعات جغرافیای سیاسی و ژئوپلیتیک دارد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| ایدئولوژی؛ جغرافیای سیاسی.؛ سیاست؛ فضا | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Intoxication of Politics and Space in Political Geography | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| M. R. Hafeznia1؛ M. Ghaderi Hajat2؛ zahra ahmadipor3 | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Extended Abstract Introduction Political geography is a branch of geography science that deals with studying and analyzing the spatial-political phenomena, crystallized and organized political areas, from micro to macro levels. From the casual standpoint the subject of political geography science is the wrought of interaction between political and spatial variables. So based on what was said, the two indexes “policy” and “space” are considered as fundamental concepts of this field and therefore, recognition of them is an infrastructural action in order to have an understanding of political phenomena. Space can be considered as a three dimensional compound which includes identity, structure and systems with defined barriers; it has different scales and dynamic visions that create life dominion, mobility, emotions, ideals and human activities. But policy which is affected by various ideologies is: concepts and political ruler institutions, procedures and decisional mechanism that is created by a value system and supported by the power factor hidden in the government, and is affected by geographical space and also has influence on it. Methodology This research is done by library and field research with descriptive - analytic method which tries to recognize and rank indexes of policy and space in political geography. Data and Information collection in this research is done in two steps: first step is related to the subject methodology information gathering and history of related researches that is gathered by library search, websites searches, scientific journals and researches. Second step is done by field research (via questionnaire). Statistical population of research consists of domestics and foreigner masters of political geography, political science and international relation fields and the sample is 60 persons of the mentioned fields’ masters that are selected randomly. Results and Discussion This research is organized to index policy and space indicators in the field of political geography studying in order to evaluate the results and rank them according to the opinions of experts. We feel that field research is needed more than library studies which is why the questionnaire was designed. After collecting the 50 questionnaires, the following results were found: After receiving the experts’ opinions and analyzing them, the results yield as follows: among all political indexes, basic law, unions and bilateral or multilateral contracts have the most and the least receiving weight respectively 387 and 216.5. From the 27 indexes which were considered as political indexes by researchers, 20 indexes were assigned to absolute policy. 8 were twofold or spatial-political and only 1 index was recognized as spatial index by experts’ opinions. For the spatial indexes after analysis the following results were obtained: among all spatial indexes, biology basis (water, land, air, etc.) and service structures have the most and the least receiving weight respectively 381.5 and 249.5. From the 24 indexes which were considered as spatial indexes by researchers, 22 indexes were assigned to absolute space and 2 were twofold or spatial-political. Conclusion From the 27 indexes which were considered as political indexes by researchers, 20 indexes were assigned to absolute policy. 8 were twofold or spatial-political and only 1 index was recognized as spatial index according to experts’ opinions. Total receiving weight of political indexes is 7840.5 and the mean of total weight of each index is 290.4 and mean weight of each index is 5.7. From the 24 indexes which were considered as spatial indexes by researchers, 22 indexes were assigned to absolute space and 2 were twofold or spatial-political. Total receiving weight of spatial indexes is 7635 and the mean of total weight of each index is 318.14 and mean weight of each index is 6.2. Research data represents that indexes of space indicators are more important in political geography. Based on what was mentioned, we can classify the indexes of space and policy indicators in political geography with their corresponding subunits as follows: Keywords: Policy, Space, Ideology, Political geography. Policy Basic law, decision making process, management, pronouncement, codifying law, accepting law, accepting bylaw, issuing manual, issuing circular, designing bill, governing, government, parliament, political communion, political leaders and elites, parties. Spatial – Political Global organizations (UN), regional organizations, unions, bilateral/ multilateral contracts, economical and financial institutions, election (government/parliament), residential, strategies, leadership, nation, identity. Space Biology basis (water, land, air, etc.), ecology, place, land, territory, country, city, village, area, sector, communication networks (railway, highways, etc.) mineral and industrial instructions, production instructions, services instruction, hesitancy instructions, defense and security instructions, skeletal instructions, barriers, population, immigration, minority. Indexing policy and space indicators in political geography | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Ideology, Policy, Political geography., Space | ||
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