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تحمل شوری و ارتباط آن با تولید زیستتوده در ژنوتیپهای نخود زراعی | ||
به زراعی کشاورزی | ||
مقاله 19، دوره 16، شماره 3، آبان 1393، صفحه 749-763 اصل مقاله (830.9 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jci.2014.53275 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
معصومه پوراسماعیل* 1؛ جلال رستگار2؛ مهدی زنگی آبادی3 | ||
1استادیار، بخش تحقیقات ژنتیک و بانک ژن گیاهی ملی ایران، مؤسسة تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیة نهال و بذر، کرج، ایران | ||
2استادیار، بخش تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیة نهال و بذر، مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خراسان رضوی، نیشابور، ایران | ||
3کارشناس، تحقیقات خاک و آب، مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خراسان رضوی، مشهد، ایران | ||
چکیده | ||
در تحقیق حاضر، تحمل شوری برخی ژنوتیپهای نخود تیپ ‘کابلی’ در مرحلة رشد رویشی با کاربرد تیمارهای 7/1، 5/4 و 5/6 دسیزیمنس بر متر نمک کلریدسدیم بررسی شد. تیمارهای شوری با افزایش نمک کلریدسدیم به محلول هوگلند 2/1 تهیه شد که بهعنوان تیمار شاهد درنظر گرفته شده بود. این آزمایش در قالب طرح کرتهای خردشده به اجرا درآمد. فاکتور اصلی در این آزمایش تیمار شوری و فاکتور فرعی ژنوتیپهای انتخابی بود. تیماردهی به مدت چهل روز دنبال شد. از صفاتی نظیر طول ساقه، سطح برگ، محتوای کلروفیل نسبی و نسبت تولید زیستتوده یادداشتبرداری بهعمل آمد. نمونههای مختلف عکسالعمل متفاوتی به غلظتهای مختلف شوری نشان دادند. رتبهبندی ژنوتیپها براساس میزان تولید زیستتودة رویشی تحت تیمارهای شوری در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد و محاسبة شاخصهای تحمل تنش نشان داد که نمونههای 5620، 5941،6364، 6142، 5280، 6356 و 5843 و رقم ‘هاشم’ بیشترین مقدار شاخصهای تحمل تنش را دارایند. نمونة 6142 بهترین نمونه از نظر تحمل شوری در مرحلة رشد رویشی در تیمار 5/6 دسیزیمنس نمک کلریدسدیم بود. کاشت نمونهها در مزرعة تحقیقاتی در ایستگاه فیضآباد نیشابور با هدایت الکتریکی عصارة اشباع خاک 8/9 دسیزیمنس بر متر که عموماً تحت تأثیر یونهای سدیم و کلر بود، آسیب شدیدی را به تمامی نمونهها وارد ساخت، بهطوری که پس از شصت روز از زمان کاشت، تمامی نمونهها از بین رفت. علت این آسیب شدید به دلیل شوری بالای خاک منطقة آزمایش از حد آستانة تحمل این نمونهها بود. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
تنش شوری؛ تنوع ژنتیکی؛ شوری خاک؛ کلرید سدیم؛ نخود ‘کابلی’ | ||
عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
Genetic variation for salinity tolerance and its association with biomass production in cultivated chickpea genotypes | ||
نویسندگان [English] | ||
Masoumeh Pouresmael1؛ Jalal Rastegar2؛ Mehdi Zangiabadi3 | ||
1Assistant Professor, Genetics and Plant Genetic Resources Department, Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Karaj, Iran | ||
2Assistant Professor, Seed and Plant Improvement Research Department, Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Khorasan Razavi, Neishabur, Iran | ||
3Expert, Soil and Water Research Department, Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Khorasan Razavi, Mashhad, Iran | ||
چکیده [English] | ||
In this study, salinity tolerance of 51 Kabuli chickpea genotypes was investigated at vegetative growth phase using 4.5 and 6.5 ds/m salt solution (by adding NaCl to 1/2 Hoagland solution) and 1/2 Hoagland solution (EC= 1.7 ds/m) as control treatment. A split plot design was used in this experiment where the main plot was salinity treatments and the sub plot was genotypes. Treatments continued until 40 days and after that, shoot length, leaf area, chlorophyll content and biomass ratio were measured. Genotypes responded differently to saline condition. Based on vegetative biomass production under salt treatments in comparison with control treatment, different salinity tolerance indices calculated. Ranking of genotypes based on these indices indicated that, the genotypes number 5620, 6364, 5941, 5280, 6142, 6356, 5843 and Hashem cultivar were more tolerant to salinity. Under 6.5 ds/m NaCl, genotype 6142 was the most tolerant genotype. Sowing the genotypes at saline soil generally affected by Na+ and Cl- with electrical conductivity of 9.8 ds/m at Neishabur (Feiz abad) field caused strong damages on all the genotypes and 60 days after planting none of the genotypes could survive at saline field. High salinity level in the field in comparison with salinity tolerance threshold of the chickpea genotypes might be the reason for this reaction | ||
کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
Genetic diversity, Kabuli chickpea, NaCl, salt stress, Soil Salinity | ||
مراجع | ||
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