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کنترل زیستی بیماری کپک خاکستری در سه رقم توتفرنگی با استفاده از استرینهای Bacillus | ||
کنترل بیولوژیک آفات و بیماری های گیاهی | ||
مقاله 2، دوره 5، شماره 1، خرداد 1395، صفحه 13-23 اصل مقاله (467.69 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jbioc.2016.58549 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
جهانشیر امینی* 1؛ ساسان فیضی2؛ سهیلا میرزایی3 | ||
1دانشیار گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه کردستان | ||
2دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه کردستان | ||
3استادیار گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا همدان | ||
چکیده | ||
در این تحقیق تأثیر سویه (استرین)های باسیلوس روی جوانهزنی اسپور و رشد میسلیوم Botrytis cinerea به منظور کنترل زیستی (بیولوژیک) پوسیدگی میوه در سه رقم توتفرنگی شامل Quineliza، Paros و Kurdistan در شرایط آزمایشگاه بررسی شد. از تأثیر سیودو سویۀ جنس باسیلوس روی قارچ بیمارگر در کشت چهار نقطهای، ده سویه که بیشترین بازدارندگی را از رشد داشتند برای کارهای بعدی انتخاب شدند. تأثیر ناهمسازی (آنتاگونیستی) ده سویه روی قارچ بیمارگر با استفاده از آزمون کشت متقابل، سوختوسازگر (متابولیت)های فرّار و تولید مایع خارج یاختهای در شرایط آزمایشگاه انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که همه سویههای باسیلوس در هر سه آزمون، رشد قارچ بیمارگر را کاهش دادند و این کاهش در جدایههای مختلف متفاوت است. درصد کاهش رشد در کشت متقابل، سوختوسازگرهای فرّار و تولید مایع خارج یاختهای به ترتیب بین 1/67-5/30، 2/86-5/27 و 82-41 متغیر بود. افزون بر این، تأثیر سویههای باسیلوس روی جوانهزنی اسپور و رشد میسلیوم قارچ بیمارگر روی میوههای سه رقم توتفرنگی نشان داد که همۀ سویههای باکتری میتوانند جوانهزنی و رشد میسلیوم قارچ بیمارگر را کاهش دهند و این کاهش در جدایههای مختلف متفاوت بود. همچنین شدت بیماری پوسیدگی میوه توتفرنگی در میوههای تیمارشده با سویههای باسیلوس کاهش شایانتوجهی در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد نشان دادند. نتایج این تحقیق نشان میدهد که ترکیبات تولیدشده بهوسیلۀ سویههای باسیلوس توانایی زیادی در کنترل زیستی بیماری کپک خاکستری دارند و نیاز است تحقیقات بیشتری در شرایط مزرعه روی آنها صورت گیرد. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
پوسیدگی میوۀ توتفرنگی؛ کنترل زیستی؛ گونههای باسیلوس | ||
عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
Biological control of gray mold of three cultivar of strawberry using Bacillus strains | ||
نویسندگان [English] | ||
Jahanshir Amini1؛ Sasan Faizi2؛ Soheila Mirzaei3 | ||
1University of Kurdistan | ||
چکیده [English] | ||
In this research, the ability of Bacillus strains in suppression of mycelial growth and conidial germination of B. cinerea against Botrytis fruit rot of strawberry were evaluated in three cultivars of strawberry including Quineliza, Paros and Kurdistan. Results indicated that among 32 strains of Bacillus, ten strains showed strong inhibitory effects against B. cinerea using the plate assay and they are selected for further studies. Antagonistic effects of Bacillus stains against the disease were evaluated through dual-culture, volatile and extracellular compounds using plate assays. Results indicated that all Bacillus strains could reduce the mycelial growth of pathogen, but this ability is varied in different Bacillus strains. Growth inhibition percent of pathogen in dual-culture, volatile and extracellular compounds tests were ranged 30.5-67.1, 27.5-86.2 and 41-82, respectively. In addition, inhibition of mycelial growth and conidial germination of B. cinerea by Bacillus strains were observed on strawberry fruits. Disease severity of Botrytis fruit rot of strawberry was significantly reduced (p≤0.05) by Bacillus strains as compared with untreated control. Our results shows that Bacillus strains have a good potential to control Botrytis fruit rot of strawberry. This research suggests that volatile and extracellular compounds of Bacillus spp. are promising biofumigants for controlling of Botrytis fruit rot of strawberry. Therefore, it is needed to evaluate their efficiency under field conditions. | ||
کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
Bacillus spp, biological control, fruit rot of strawberry | ||
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