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بررسی تغییرپذیری یاختههای خونی و فعالیت فنل‌اکسیداز لارو پروانۀ موم‌خوار بزرگ تیمارشده با دو گونة نماتود Heterorhabditis bacteriophora و Steinernema feltiae | ||
| کنترل بیولوژیک آفات و بیماری های گیاهی | ||
| مقاله 4، دوره 5، شماره 1، خرداد 1395، صفحه 39-47 اصل مقاله (597.11 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jbioc.2016.58600 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| زهرا راحت خواه1؛ جواد کریمی* 2؛ محمد قدمیاری3؛ غلامحسین مروج4 | ||
| 1دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد حشره‌شناسی، گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد | ||
| 2دانشیار، گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد | ||
| 3دانشیار، گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشگاه گیلان | ||
| 4استادیار، گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد | ||
| چکیده | ||
| ایمنی در حشرات شامل بخشهای مختلف دفاع رفتاری، فیزیکی و ایمنی ذاتی آنهاست. در این بررسی، مؤلفه‌های کلیدی دخیل در سازوکارهای ایمنی ذاتی لارو پروانۀ موم‌خوار بزرگ Galleria mellonella بهعنوان حشرۀ مدل، (شامل تغییر در شمار و انواع یاختههای خونی یا هموسیتها و نیز تغییرپذیری فعالیت آنزیم فنل‌اکسیداز) در برابر دو گونه جدایۀ بومی نماتود بیمارگر حشرات، Heterorhabditis bacteriophora و Steinernema feltiae بررسی شد. شمار کل یاختههای خونی لارو میزبان بی‌درنگ پس از تزریق گونۀ H. bacteriophora افزایش یافت. در بین تیپهای مختلف یاخته‌ای، پلاسماتوسیت‌ها و گرانولوسیتها فراوانی بیشتری داشتند. در لاروهای تیمارشده با گونۀ S. feltiae این واکنش متفاوت بود. نماتود اخیر تأثیری در نوسان سریع جمعیت یاختههای خونی در زمان‌های اولیه (پانزده دقیقه تا چهار ساعت) پس از تزریق نداشت. اما با گذشت زمان، در هشت و دوازده ساعت پس از تزریق، جمعیت یاختههای خونی در همولنف لاروهای تیمارشده با هر دو گونه نماتود کاهش یافت. در بخش دفاع هیومرال نیز مشخص شد که گونۀ H. bacteriophora باعث تحریک و افزایش فعالیت آنزیم فنل‌اکسیداز در پانزده دقیقه تا هشت ساعت پس از ورود به حفرۀ عمومی میشود درحالیکه، تغییر سطح کمی این آنزیم در زمان تقابل میزبان با گونۀ S. feltiae به مراتب کمتر بود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| ایمنی حشرات؛ پاسخ یاخته‌ای؛ پاسخ هیومرال؛ بیمارگر حشرات؛ نماتودهای بیمارگر حشرات | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Fluctuations of haemocytes and phenol oxidase enzyme in the greater wax moth larvae, Galleria mellonella injected with Heterorhabditis bacteriophora and Steinernema feltiae | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Zahra Rahatkhah1؛ Javad Karimi2؛ Mohammad Ghadamyari3؛ Gholamhossein Morravej4 | ||
| 2Biocontrol and Insect Pathology Laboratory Associate Professor, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultura, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Insect immunity comprises behavioral, physical and innate immunity. In this study, innate immune response of the greater wax moth larvae, Galleria mellonella against two species of entomopathogenic nematodes, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora and Steinernema feltiae, as important biocontrol agents were studied. Total haemocyte count in larvae injected with H. bacteriophora increased immediately. In this case, plasmatocytes and granulocytes were the prevalent haemocyte types. The response of injected larvae with S. feltiae was different. There was no significant increase in haemocyte population by 15 min until 4 h after injection. Haemocyte populations in hemolymph of G. mellonella larvae after injection by both nematode species was decreased 8 and 12 h after post injection. In humoral response, H. bacteriophora caused a significant increase in phenoloxydase activity by 15 min until 8 h after injection to hemoceol. In contrast, phenoloxydase activity against S. feltiae showed lower fluctuation rather than those in treated larvae by H. bacteriophora. The result of cellular and humoral immune response of the larvae suggested that H. bacteriophora induced stronger reaction of the insect as compared with S. feltiae. The latter species not only evades of host immune response but also can suppress the immune responses, successfully. These, eventually suggests a weak interaction between the pathogen with host immune system. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Insect immunity, cellular response, humoral response, Insect pathology, entomopathogenic nematod | ||
| مراجع | ||
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