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ببرخی رفتارهای جوانه‌زنی بذور دو گونه خردل تحت تأثیر دما، عمق کاشت و دوره غرقاب | ||
| علوم گیاهان زراعی ایران | ||
| مقاله 7، دوره 49، شماره 3، آذر 1397، صفحه 71-81 اصل مقاله (625.89 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijfcs.2017.245494.654404 | ||
| نویسنده | ||
| کمال سادات اسیلان* | ||
| زراعت - فیزیولوژی، علف هرز پیام نور | ||
| چکیده | ||
| تمام مراحل این تحقیق در آزمایشگاه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس در سال 1396 اجرا شد. قبل از شروع آزمایش‌ها بذور دو گونه خردل وحشی (Sinapis arvensis) و سفید (S. alba) در هنگام رسیدگی (اواخر بهار و اوایل تابستان) سال زراعی 1395-1394 از مناطقی در استان آذربایجان شرقی و خوزستان جمع‌آوری و تا زمان آزمایش به مدت هفت ماه نگهداری شدند. این تحقیق شامل سه آزمایش بود. همه آزمایش‌ها دو فاکتوری بوده و به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی با چهار تکرار انجام شدند. در همه آزمایش‌ها یکی از فاکتورها گونه خردل بود. در آزمایش اول فاکتور دوم شامل هشت دما از 5 تا 40 درجه سانتیگراد بود. در آزمایش دوم فاکتور دوم 13 عمق کاشت از 5/0 سانتی‌متر تا 6 سانتی‌متر بود. در آزمایش سوم فاکتور دوم شامل شش دوره غرقاب از 0 تا 35 روز بود. نتایج آزمایش نشان داد که در اکثر دماها، عمق‌ها و دوره‌های غرقاب جوانه‌زنی خردل وحشی بیشتر از خردل سفید بود که دلیل آن احتمالا اندازه بزرگ‌تر بذر این گونه است. شروع جوانه‌زنی خردل از 4 تا 5 درجه سانتیگراد (دمای پایه) بوده و در دماهای 25 تا 30 درجه سانتیگراد به حداکثر خود رسید (دمای مطلوب) و پس از آن جوانه‌زنی در دمای 40 تا 45 درجه سانتیگراد (دمای ماکزیمم یا سقف) متوقف شد. با افزایش عمق درصد و سرعت سبز‌شدن هر دو گونه خردل کاهش یافت. با افزایش دوره غرقاب درصد جوانه‌زنی، طول گیاهچه و وزن گیاهچه هر دو گونه خردل کاهش یافت. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| علف هرز؛ مدل حرارتی؛ زمان؛ رطوبت | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Some aspects of seed germination in two mustard species influenced by temperature, planting depth and flooding period | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| All phases of this research were conducted in Research Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University in 2017. Before starting the experiments, seeds of wild mustard (Sinapis arvensis) and white mustard (S. alba) were collected from East Azarbaijan and Khuzestan provinces at maturity (late spring and early summer) during the 2015-2016 growing season and were stored for seven months. This study included three experiments. Each experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design with four replications, and the treatments were factorial. In all experiments, one of the factors was the mustard species. In the first experiment, the second factor consisted of eight temperatures ranging from 5 to 40 °C. In the second experiment, the second factor was 13 sowing depths of 0.5 to 6 cm. In the third experiment, the second factor included six flooding periods from 0 to 35 days. The results of the experiments showed that in most temperatures, the depths and flooding periods, germination of wild mustard were greater than white mustard, which is probably due to the larger size of the seed of this species. The onset of mustard germination was from 4 to 5 °C (base temperature) and peaked at temperatures from 25 to 30 °C (optimal temperature) and then germination stopped at 40 to 45 °C (maximum or ceiling temperature). Considering that with increasing depth, the percentage and rate of emergence in both species decreased. With increasing flooding period, germination percentage, seedling length and seedling weight of both mustard species decreased. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Weed, Thermal model, time, moisture | ||
| مراجع | ||
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