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اثر تقسیط کود فسفر بر خصوصیات مورفولوژیک، عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد دو رقم برنج (Oryza sativa L.) (هاشمی و گیلانه) | ||
| تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران | ||
| دوره 51، شماره 9، آذر 1399، صفحه 2379-2392 اصل مقاله (998.2 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijswr.2020.303674.668635 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| فاطمه دائمی1؛ شهرام محمود سلطانی* 2؛ مسعود اصفهانی3؛ مجید مجیدیان4 | ||
| 1کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران | ||
| 2استادیار موسسه تحقیقات برنج کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، رشت، ایران | ||
| 3استاد گرده زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران | ||
| 4دانشیار دانشکده علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| فسفر دومین عنصر پرمصرف موردنیاز برنج بوده که اثرات ناشی از کمبود آن و راندمان مصرف پایین آن اختلالات تغذیهای شدیدی را در اراضی شالیزاری جهان ایجاد میکند. بنابراین اثر تقسیط کود فسفر بر صفات مورفولوژیک، عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد ارقام برنج هاشمی و گیلانه در دو نوع خاک در آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. فاکتورهای آزمایش شامل زمان‌های مختلف کود فسفر در پنج سطح، نوع خاک در دو سطح و فاکتور رقم شامل دو رقم برنج هاشمی (محلی) و گیلانه (اصلاح‌شده) بودند. نتایج نشان داد که عملکرد دانه رقم برنج هاشمی در تیمار مصرف کود فسفرِ در دو تقسیط50 درصد پایه و 50 درصد 60 روز پس از نشاکاری، 9/14 درصد و عملکرد دانه رقم برنج گیلانه در تیمار مصرف کود فسفرِ در دو تقسیط 50 درصد پایه و 50 درصد 20 روز پس از نشاکاری، 42/8 درصد در مقایسه با مصرف پایه افزایش داشته است. بیشترین افزایش در صفت درصد دانههای پر در هر دو رقم برنج مورد آزمایش در خاک سیلتی رس و تقسیط دو مرحلهای و به ترتیب 1/9 درصد (50 درصد پایه و 50 درصد 20 روز پس از نشاکاری) در هاشمی و 3/18 درصد (50 درصد پایه و 50 درصد 60 روز پس از نشاکاری) در رقم گیلانه دیده شده است. بنابراین میتوان به تقسیط فسفر دو مرحلهای به‌عنوان راهکاری برای افزایش عملکرد در اراضی شالیزاری نگریست. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| برنج؛ تقسیط کود فسفر؛ عملکرد؛ رقم هاشمی؛ رقم گیلانه | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| The Effect of Phosphorous Fertilizer splitting on Morphological Charcters, Yield, and Yield Components of Two Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Cultivars (Hashemi and Guilaneh) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Fatemeh Daemi1؛ Shahram MahmoudSoltani2؛ Masoud Esfahani3؛ Majid Majidian4 | ||
| 1Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran | ||
| 2Assistant Professor, Rice Research Institute of Iran, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension, Rasht, Iran | ||
| 3Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran | ||
| 4Associate Prof., Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Phosphorus (P), is the second important nutrient for rice that its deficiency and low application efficiency causes severe nutrient disorder in the world paddy fields. Therefore, the effect of phosphorus fertilizer splitting on morphological characters, yield, and yield components of two rice cultivars (Hashemi and Guilaneh) in two soil type was investigated by a factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The experimental factors included time division of phosphorus fertilizer at five levels, two soil types, and two rice varieties (local Hashemi and modified Guilaneh). Results showed that the grain yield of Hashemi cultivar in two-division treatment (50% at the base and 50% at 60th day after transplantion) incresed 14.9% and the grain yield of Guilaneh cultivar in two-division treatment (50% at the base and 50% at 20th day after transplantion) incresed 8.42% as compared to the base application treatment. The maximum increase in filled grain percentages were found to be 9.1% for Hashemi cultivar and two-division treatment (50% at the base and 50% at 20th day after transplanting) and 18.3% for Guilaneh cultivar and two-division treatment (50% at the base and 50% at 60th day after transplanting) in silty clay soil. Hence, the two-split application of P might be a solution to enhance the rice grain yield at paddy field conditions. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Hashemi cultivar, Guilaneh Cultivar, Phosphorous split application, Rice, Yield | ||
| مراجع | ||
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